Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Atom -- 1.1 Ionization Potentials and Electron Affinities -- 1.1.1 Ionization Potentials of Atoms -- 1.1.2 Electron Affinity -- 1.1.3 Effective Nuclear Charge -- 1.2 Absolute Dimensions of Atoms -- 1.3 Radii of Atoms in Molecules and Crystals -- 1.3.1 Historical Outline -- 1.3.2 Metallic Radii -- 1.3.3 Covalent Radii -- 1.4 Radii of Ions in Molecules and Crystals -- 1.4.1 Methods of Estimating Ionic Radii -- 1.4.2 Experimental (bonded) Ionic Radii -- 1.4.3 Energy-Derived Ionic Radii -- 1.4.4 Ultimate Ionic Radii -- 1.4.5 Concluding Remarks -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 2 Chemical Bond -- 2.1 Historical Development of the Concept -- 2.2 Types of Bonds: Covalent, Ionic, Polar, Metallic -- 2.2.1 Ionic Bond -- 2.2.2 Covalent Bond -- 2.2.3 Polar Bond, Effective Charges of Atoms -- 2.2.4 Metallic Bond -- 2.2.5 Effective Valences of Atoms -- 2.3 Energies of the Chemical Interaction of Atoms -- 2.3.1 Bond Energies in Molecules and Radicals -- 2.3.2 Bond Energies in Crystals -- 2.3.3 Crystal Lattice Energies -- 2.3.4 Band Gaps in Solids -- 2.4 Concept of Electronegativity -- 2.4.1 Discussion About Electronegativity -- 2.4.2 Thermochemical Electronegativities -- 2.4.3 Ionization Electronegativities -- 2.4.4 Geometrical Electronegativities -- 2.4.5 Recommended System of Electronegativities of Atoms and Radicals -- 2.4.6 Equalization of Electronegativities and Atomic Charges -- 2.5 Effective Charges of Atoms and Chemical Behavior -- 2.6 Change of Chemical Bond Character under Pressure -- 2.7 Conclusions -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 3 ``Small'' Molecule -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Inorganic Molecules and Radicals -- 3.2.1 Bond Distances -- 3.2.2 Bond Angles. VSEPR Concept. , 3.2.3 Non-Stoichiometric and Unusual Molecules -- 3.3 Organic Molecules -- 3.4 Organometallic Compounds -- 3.5 Clusters -- 3.5.1 Boron Clusters -- 3.5.2 Transition Metal Clusters -- 3.5.3 Clusters of Main Group Elements -- 3.5.4 Fullerenes -- 3.6 Coordination Compounds -- Appendix -- Supplementary Table -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 4 Intermolecular Forces -- 4.1 Van der Waals Interaction -- 4.2 Interdependence of the Lengths of Covalent and van der Waals Bonds -- 4.3 Van der Waals Radii -- 4.3.1 Introduction -- 4.3.2 Crystallographic van der Waals Radii -- 4.3.3 Equilibrium Radii of Atoms -- 4.3.4 Anisotropic van der Waals Radii -- 4.3.5 Concluding Remarks -- 4.4 Donor--Acceptor Interactions -- 4.5 Hydrogen Bond -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 5 Crystal Structure -- Idealised -- 5.1 Structures of Elements -- 5.1.1 Structures of Metals -- 5.1.2 Structures of Non-Metals -- 5.2 Binary Inorganic Crystalline Compounds -- 5.2.1 Crystal Structures of Halides, Oxides, Chalcogenides, Pnictides -- 5.2.2 Structures of Compounds with Diverse Bonds -- 5.3 Interconversions of Crystal Structures -- 5.4 Effective Coordination Number -- 5.5 Bond Valence (Bond Strength, Bond Order) -- 5.6 Ternary Compounds -- 5.7 Structural Features of Silicates -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 6 Crystal Structure: Real -- 6.1 Thermal Motion -- 6.2 Lindemann's Hypothesis -- 6.3 Defects in Crystals -- 6.3.1 Classification of Defects -- 6.3.2 Defects Induced by Shock Waves -- 6.3.3 Real Structure and Melting of Solids -- 6.4 Isomorphism and Solid Solutions -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 7 Amorphous State -- 7.1 Dispersing Powders -- 7.2 Amorphous Solids, Glasses -- 7.3 Structure of Melts. , 7.4 Structure of Aqueous Solutions -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 8 Between Molecule and Solid -- 8.1 Energetic Properties of Clusters and Nanoparticles -- 8.1.1 Melting Temperatures and Heats Under Transitionfrom Bulk to Nanophases -- 8.1.2 Energy Variation Under Transition from Bulk to Clusters -- 8.2 Changes of the Atomic Structure on Transition from Bulk Solids to Nanophases -- 8.3 Size Effect in the Dielectric Permittivity of Crystals -- 8.3.1 Effect of the Energy Factor -- 8.3.2 Effect of the Phase Composition on bold0mu mumu Raw of Barium Titanate -- 8.3.3 Dielectric Behavior of Ceramic Materials -- 8.3.4 Dielectric Properties of Multi-Phase Systems -- 8.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9 Phase Transition -- 9.1 Polymorphism -- 9.1.1 Polyamorphism -- 9.2 Energies of Phase Transitions -- 9.2.1 Melting Heats of Compounds -- 9.2.2 Sublimation Heats of Elements and Compounds -- 9.2.3 Evaporation Heats of Compounds -- 9.2.4 Enthalpies of Phase Transformations -- References -- Chapter 10 Extreme Conditions -- 10.1 Polymorphic Transformations Under High Static Pressures -- 10.2 Pressure-induced Amorphization and Polyamorphism -- 10.3 Effect of the Crystal Size on the Pressure of Phase Transition -- 10.4 Solid Phase Transformations Under High Dynamic Pressures -- 10.5 Detonation Transformation and Synthesis of Diamond and c-BN -- 10.6 Equations of State of Solids -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Chapter 11 Structure and Optical Properties -- 11.1 Refractive Index -- 11.1.1 Definitions, Anisotropy, Theory -- 11.1.2 Influence of Composition, Structures and Thermodynamic Conditions on Refractive Indices -- 11.2 Polarization and Dipole Moments -- 11.3 Molecular Refraction: Experiment and Calculation -- 11.3.1 Formulae of Refraction. , 11.3.2 Dependence of Refractions on the Structure and Thermodynamic Parameters -- 11.3.3 Atomic and Covalent Refractions -- 11.3.4 Ionic Refractions -- 11.3.5 Bond Refractions -- 11.4 Structural Application of Refractometry -- 11.5 Structural Applications of Spectroscopy -- 11.6 Optical Electronegativities -- Appendix -- Supplementary Tables -- Supplementary References -- References -- Index.