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  • Case–control study  (1)
  • Key words Hairdressing  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 46 (1995), S. 771-778 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Friseurhandwerk ; Feuchtarbeit ; Atopie ; Irritatives Handekzem ; Querschnittserhebung ; Key words Hairdressing ; Wet work ; Atopy ; Irritant hand eczema ; Cross-sectional analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the course of a cohort study addressing the importance of constitutional and occupational risk factors for the development of irritant hand eczema, 859 hairdressing apprentices were examined in 14 vocational training schools in autumn 1993, after an average of 8 weeks of professional exposure. In this cross-sectional survey at the start of training, 38.2% were suffering from skin damage, in most cases mild to moderate and only rarely severe; we observed almost exclusively irritant skin damage, mostly localized interdigitally. Logistic regression analysis revealed previous hand eczema, an elevated “atopy score” (Diepgen) and, particularly, unprotected work for several hours daily with wet hands as significant risk factors for this early onset irritant damage/eczema. The high wet workload is mainly caused by very frequent shampooing and by permanent waving without wearing gloves; however, other tasks are also often performed without appropriate protective gloves. The implications of the considerable inter-observer variability are described and discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer ausbildungsbegleitenden Kohortenstudie zur Bedeutung konstitutioneller und expositionsbezogener (beruflicher) Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung eines irritativen Handekzems wurden im Herbst 1993 insgesamt 859 Friseurlehrlinge an 14 Berufsschulen erstuntersucht, im Mittel 8 Wochen nach Beginn der Berufstätigkeit. Bei dieser Querschnittserhebung zu Beginn der Ausbildung waren bei 38,2% leichtere bis mäßige, selten stärkere irritative Hautschäden festzustellen, welche hauptsächlich im Interdigitalraum lokalisiert waren. Hinsichtlich dieser frühen Hautschäden konnten in einer logistischen Regressionsmodellierung ein früheres Handekzem, ein höherer Atopie-Score (nach Diepgen) und v.a. eine tägliche ungeschützte Feuchtarbeitsdauer von mehreren Stunden als signifikante Risikofaktoren ermittelt werden. Die Feuchtarbeit wird hauptsächlich von sehr häufig durchgeführten Haarwäschen und Dauerwellen bestimmt. Auch bei den meisten anderen Tätigkeiten werden überwiegend keine adäquaten Schutzhandschuhe gemäß der Technischen Regel Gefahrstoffe (TRGS) 530 verwendet. Darüber hinaus wird die erhebliche Inter-Untersucher-Variabilität dargestellt und diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 14 (1998), S. 321-325 
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Case–control study ; Epidemiological methods ; History of epidemiology ; Logistic regression ; Matching ; Statistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The methodological discussion about matching when recruiting controls in case–control studies has been controversial for a long time. To delineate the impact of this discussion on the practice of matching we reviewed 266 case–control studies published in nine yearly volumes of three major epidemiological journals within the period 1955–1994. Among studies published until 1980 71.7% of the control groups were recruited by individual matching compared to 46.4% in 1994. This decline is paralleled by an increase in the application of frequency matching (from 5.0% to 26.2%). As the issue of matching is closely connected with methodological questions of the statistical analysis we also examined the type of analysis applied to the data. We found that the use of logistic regression modeling has dramatically increased during this period (from 18.4% up to 87.2%), whereas application of the traditional Mantel–Haenszel technique for estimating summary odds ratios has nearly vanished. The correct approach for individually matched data in the logistic modeling framework, the conditional likelihood technique, has been unknown in the early part of the time window of our investigation, but is even nowadays applied by only three quarters of the corresponding studies. Our literature-based investigation provides thus compelling evidence that the type of control selection and statistical analysis used in case–control studies have changed substantially during recent years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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