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  • Calcium urolithiasis  (2)
  • Ultraviolet irradiation  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Kidney transplantatioon ; Rat ; PUVA therapy ; Ultraviolet irradiation ; Azathioprine ; Prednisolone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pretreatment of the kidney donor with 8-methoxy-psoralen (8-MOP) and direct longwave ultraviolet (UVA) irradiation of the kidney graft (PUVA therapy) significantly prolonged survival in allogeneic recipients. 40% of the recipients survived more than 100 days with normal transplant function. The addition of standard clinical immunosuppressive agents azathioprine and prednisolone (both at dosages of 15 mg/kg body weight/day for 21 days) to the PUVA therapy further improved graft survival rate, with a recipient survival rate of 62.5%. The two drugs alone were less effective in prolonging graft survival rate (28.5%). A synergistic effect of PUVA therapy and standard immunosuppressive treatment with azathioprine and prednisolone was demonstrated. This suggested a possible clinical application of this type of immunosuppression and immunoregulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Calcium urolithiasis ; Cation exchange resin ; Intestinal calcium absorption ; Calcium excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect on the urinary excretion of calcium of an oral cation exchange resin with-out phosphorus was studied in healthy control subjects and patients with recurrent calcium lithiasis under out-patient conditions. An immediate reduction of intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium excretion was found in five control subjects and in one patient after ingestion of resin, whereas calcium excretion remained unchanged in all other patients during long-term treatment. In addition, signs of mild transitory hyperparathyroidism together with an increase in intestinal calcium transport were observed during treatment. It is suggested that intraluminal binding of calcium ions to the resin leads to substantial changes in calcium metabolism with the result that urinary calcium excretion returns to pretreatment values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Kidney transplantation ; Donor pretreatment ; PUVA ; Ultraviolet irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Extended experimental experience with the efficiacy of pretreating the kidney donor and the allograft by means of photochemotherapy (photosensitizer+UVA irradiation=PUVA) was adopted in clinical kidney transplantation. In a preliminary unrandomized study similar patient populations were treated by generally uniform methods. Thirty-three PUVA-pretreated kidneys (group A) were compared with the experience regarding 26 nonpretreated kidney allografts (group B). The number of rejection episodes was significantly lower in the first 3 months in group A (p〈 0.05 vs group B) and fewer grafts failed because of irreversible rejection (2 vs 5). Furthermore, in group A the rate of infectious complications was lower (18% vs 34%). The cumulative allograft survival at 3 months was improved from 65% in group B to 81% in group A and at 12 months from 65% 76%, respectively. These differences were not significant. Therefore, our preliminary clinical experience with a photochemical donor pretreatment is encouraging and further use in a randomized study seems to be necessary.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal cAMP ; Serum parathyroid hormone ; Tubular phosphate reabsorption ; Calcium urolithiasis ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Renales cAMP ; Serum-Parathormon ; Tubuläre Phosphatrückresorption ; Calcium-Urolithiasis ; Hyperparathyreoidismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An drei Kollektiven (jen=12) von männlichen Gesunden (22–43 Jahre), Patienten mit rezidivierender Calcium-Urolithiasis (21–36 Jahre), Hyperparathyreoidismus (HPT; 17–71 Jahre) wurden gleichzeitig renales zyklisches Adenosinmonophosphat (RcAMP), fraktionelle tubuläre Phosphat-Rückresorption und Serum-Parathormon während endogener Kreatininclearance gemessen. Gesunde haben ein RcAMP (µMol/g Kreatinin) von 1,48±SEM 0,27; Steinkranke 2,037±0,343 (nicht signifikant); HPT 6,234±0,454 (p〈0,001). Zwischen HPT und Gesunden besteht kein Überlappungsbereich. Die Phosphat-Rückresorption ist am niedrigsten bei HPT (0,84±0,015), höher bei Gesunden (0,924±0,007), am höchsten bei Steinkranken (0,941±0,007). Alle Gruppenunterschiede sind statistisch signifikant. Parathormon (pg-equiv/ml) ist unter den gewählten Bedingungen, d.h. mäßige Hydrierung der Versuchsperson, am niedrigsten bei Steinkranken (〈100–339), höher bei Gesunden (〈100–933), am höchsten bei HPT (400–1150). Zwischen ersteren und letzeren besteht kein Überlappungsbereich, wohl aber zwischen Gesunden und HPT. Die resultierende diagnostische Unsicherheit kann im Einzelfall durch zusätzliche Bestimmungen von RcAMP und ionisiertem Serum-Calcium umgangen werden: Serum-PTH beachtend liegt HPT außerhalb, RCU innerhalb der 2-Sigmabereiche Gesunder. Ein solches diagnostisches Vorgehen erscheint bisherigen Verfahren überlegen, bedarf aber der Ausdehnung auf ein größeres Krankengut. Da HPT eine Krankheit des mittleren und gehobenen Alters ist, muß außerdem die Erstellung von Normbereichen für RcAMP bei Gesunden dieser Altersdekaden angestrebt werden.
    Notes: Summary In three groups (n=12 each) of male controls (22–43 years), patients with recurring calcium urolithiasis (21–36 years) and hyperparathyroidism (HPT; 17–71 years) proven by surgery renal cyclic adenosine monophosphate (RcAMP), fractional tubular phosphate reabsorption and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured during endogenous creatinine clearance. RcAMP (µMol/g creatinine) was: controls 1.48±SEM 0.27; stone formers 2.037±0.343 (not significantly different); HPT 6.234±0.454 (p〈0.001). There is no overlap between HPT and controls. Phosphate reabsorption is least in HPT (0.84±0.015), higher in controls (0.924±0.004) and stone formers (0.941±0.007). All differences are statistically significant. Under the conditions selected (moderate hydration of individuals) Serum PTH (pg-equiv/ml) is lowest in stome formers (〈100–339), higher in controls (〈100–933) and HPT (400–1150). There is no overlap in PTH between the former and the latter group but a marked one between controls and HPT. For clinical purposes the resulting diagnostic uncertainty in a given patient can be overcome by additional determinations of RcAMP and ionised serum calcium: when referring to serum PTH HPT patients fall outside, RCU patients within 2 standard deviations of either parameter in control subjects. This procedure presently appears superior to those proposed in the past (urinary cAMP etc.) but requires confirmation in larger patient populations. Moreover, since HPT prevails in middle and upper age decades, their RcAMP values and those of RCU patients should be related to a range seen in closely age- and sex-matched controls.
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