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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fasting urine excretion of magnesium, calcium, and sodium in patients with renal calcium stones (1976)
    Springer
    Urological research 4 (1976), S. 33-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Urinary magnesium ; Calcium ; Sodium ; Cyclic AMP ; Creatinine clearance ; Stone formers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Urine excretion of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) was studied in patients with renal Ca stones having normal kidney function (n=60), and in matched controls (n=60), on a free diet following an overnight fasting period. In stone formers, Mg was lower than in normals, whereas Ca was unusually high resulting in a significantly higher molar Ca/Mg ratio (p〈0.001). 2. In 3 out of 4 stone groups Na excretion was significantly elevated because of reduced tubular reabsorption. In normals, fractional Na excretion varied between 0.44 and 0.54% of endogenous creatimine clearance, whereas it exceeded 1% in the stone patients. Conversely, the molar ratio Na/Ca was equal in all groups. 3. Fasting urinary cyclic AMP was comparable in both populations supporting the assumption that in the majority of patients Ca- or Mg-wasting via urine may not be responsible for secondary hyperparathyroidism. In small selected groups, losses of divalent cations may act in concert, leading to stimulation of the parathyroid glands. 4. Correlations between minerals and Na reveal a close relationship between Na, Ca and Mg in terms of clearance and excretion rate in patients and controls. Fractional Na and Ca excretion are correlated in patients but not in normals. This suggests that in the absence of phosphaturia, factors other than extracellular volume expansion and/or hyperparathyroidism are operative in stone disease. 5. The origin of fasting natriuresis and relative hypercalciuria may be ascribed to a change, as yet not causally identified, in distal tubular Na reabsorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256134
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium absorption in the rat as influenced by highly selective vagotomy with special regard to endogenous gastrin (1982)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 180 (1982), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Calcium ; Intestinal absorption ; Vagotomy ; Gastrin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of HSV (controls: sham), which induces hypergastrinemia, on duodenal Ca absorption was studied in “intact”, TPTX, PTX, and TX rats. Ca absorption was estimated by an in vivo loop technique. As this technique increased serum gastrin by the duodenal Ca load, gastrin was also measured in rats not subjected to evaluation of Ca absorption. Following vagotomy gastrin rose significantly in “intact” as well as in TPTX, PTX, and TX rats. Further, intraduodenal Ca increased gastrin both after sham and vagotomy. However, gastrin in vagotomized rats was significantly higher than in sham rats, too. Although duodenal Ca absorption was not altered by vagotomy in “intact” and in TX rats, it was significantly lowered in vagotomized TPTX and PTX rats. Pretreatment of TPTX rats by pentagastrin for 10 days or immediately preceding experiments did not change Ca absorption. In addition, serum parathyroid hormone was unchanged by vagotomy in “intact” rats as compared to sham controls. We conclude that (1) vagotomy does not influence the rate of duodenal Ca absorption in “intact” rats, (2) Ca absorption is lower after vagotomy only in the absence of parathyroid glands, and (3) this vagotomy effect is not mimicked by exogenous pentagastrin and therefore appears unrelated to endogenous postvagotomy gastrinemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852225
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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