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  • Bradykinin  (1)
  • Key words:Neuropeptides - Substance P - Allergic rhinitis - Histamine release - Nasal mucosa  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words:Neuropeptides - Substance P - Allergic rhinitis - Histamine release - Nasal mucosa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Objective and Design: There is evidence that substance P (SP) is involved in events related to allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, some effects of SP seem to be greater in subjects suffering from allergic rhinitis than in non-allergic subjects. To investigate if these effects may be partly mediated by histamine release (HR) we studied the influence of SP on HR from nasal mucosa of subjects with and without allergic rhinitis using an in vitro organ culture system.¶Subjects: Nasal mucosa of the inferior turbinate was obtained from ten patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and eighteen non-allergic subjects receiving surgical therapy for nasal obstruction.¶Methods: Tissue samples of nasal mucosa were stimulated with 10-5 M SP or with 10-5 M Ca-ionophore A23187 for 120 minutes, and the histamine content was determined in the culture supernatant.¶Results: Both SP and Ca-ionophore A23187, caused a significantly higher HR from the samples of the non-allergic group (p〈0.01) compared to baseline controls (spontaneous release). The same effect was seen in the allergic group (p〈0.01 and p=0.036). Comparing the increase in HR from allergic and non-allergic mucosa, in allergics the HR stimulated by SP was significantly higher (p=0.031), whereas Ca-ionophore A23187 did not show this effect.¶Conclusion: These findings suggest a role of SP in inducing release of histamine from human nasal mucosa, thereby influencing physiologic and pathophysiologic nasal conditions, especially in allergic inflammatory processes.¶
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 739-747 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy ; venous admixture ; Bradykinine ; Hypertrophe pulmonale Osteoarthropathie ; venöse Beimischung ; Bradykinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei insgesamt 34 Patienten mit Uhrglasnägeln und Trommelschlegelfingern wurden Spirometrie sowie blutgasanalytische Untersuchungen bei Luft- und reiner O2-Atmung durchgeführt. Aus den gemessenen Daten wurden die alveolar-arterielle O2-Druckdifferenz mit ihren Teilkomponenten (Beimischungsgradient, Diffusions-Belüftungsgradient) sowie die Zumischung venösen Blutes zum arteriellen Blut berechnet. Gegenüber dem Normalkollektiv werden folgende statistisch signifikante Unterschiede festgestellt: 1. Periphere arterielle Hypoxämie. 2. Die AaDO2 ist bei Luft- und reiner O2-Atmung erhöht. 3. Die Beimischung venösen Blutes zum arteriellen Blut ist erhöht. 4. Der Anteil, um den die AaDO2 bei Luftatmung erhöht ist, wird ausschließlich durch den Beimischungsgradienten bedingt. 5. Spirometrisch besteht eine restriktive Ventilationsstörung mit Atemstimulation. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse wird gefolgert, daß die erhöhte venöse Beimischung Voraussetzung für die Entstehung von Fingerveränderungen im Sinne einer hypertrophen pulmonalen Osteoarthropathie ist. Die Entstehung der HPO wird mit der Wirkung einer vasoaktiven Substanz (Bradykinin) erklärt, die normalerweise in der Lunge inaktiviert wird. Der humorale Entstehungsmechanismus der HPO ist bis heute für die Vielfalt der Erkrankungen, die diese Symptomentrias aufweisen können, der einzige befriedigende Erklärungsversuch.
    Notes: Summary In 34 patients with “Uhrglasnägel” (watch glass nails) and clubbed fingers spirometry and blood gas studies were carried out under room-air and O2-breathing. Alveolar-arterial O2-difference with its components and venous admixture were calculated. In comparison to a group of normal subjects the following statistically significant differences were found: 1. peripheral arterial hypoxemia 2. increased AaDO2 under room-air and O2-breathing 3. increased venous admixture 4. the increased AaDO2 during room-air-breathing is completely explained by venous admixture 5. There is a restriction in total-lung-capacity and breathing-stimulation. It is postulated that the increased venous admixture is necessary for the development of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPO). The results favour the humoral theory. The discussed vasoactive substance probably is Bradykinin. To date this theory is the only sufficient explanation for the development of HPO in various underlying diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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