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  • Automatic zero balance  (1)
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems  (1)
  • First normal-stress difference  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 28 (1989), S. 102-111 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: First normal-stress difference ; jet-thrust method ; cone-platerheometer ; low-concentratedpolyisobutene solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A new design jet-thrust apparatus is presented to investigate the first normal-stress difference. This apparatus enables us to measure shear stress and the first normal-stress difference of semi-dilute polymer solutions up to very high shear rates. In the low shear rate region the solutions are characterized by a cone-and-plate rheometer. With the jet-thrust measurements the dependence of the impact-plate geometry, the length-to-radius (L/R) ratio of the capillaries, and the distance between the impact-plate and the capillary on the thrust are studied. It is shown that there is no influence of the impact-plate geometry andL/R ratio of the used capillaries on the thrust. However, the thrust decreases with increasing distance between the capillary and the impact-plate and becomes constant at a certain distance. A comparison of shear stress and first normal-stress difference data measured by the jet-thrust apparatus and the cone-and-plate rheometer shows a good agreement between results from the two instruments for all studied polymer concentrations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Bestimmung der ersten Normalspannungsdifferenz wird eine neu konstruierte Strahlimpuls-Apparatur vorgestellt. Mit Hilfe dieser Apparatur ist es möglich, die Schubspannung und die erste Normalspannungsdifferenz mäßig verdünnter Polymerlösungen bis zu sehr hohen Schergeschwindigkeiten zu bestimmen. Zum Vergleich werden im Bereich niedrigerer Schergeschwindigkeiten die Versuchslösungen mit einem Kegel-Platte Rheometer charakterisiert. Bei den Strahlimpuls-Messungen wird der Einfluß der Prallkörpergeometrie, desL/R-Verhältnisses der Kapillaren und des Abstandes zwischen Prallplatte und Kapillare auf den Impulsstrom untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, daß kein Einfluß der Prallkörpergeometrie und desL/R-Verhältnisses der verwendeten Kapillaren auf den gemessenen Impulsstrom festgestellt werden kann. Der Impulsstrom nimmt dagegen mit steigendem Abstand zwischen Kapillare und Prallplatte ab und wird erst ab einem bestimmten Abstand konstant. Ein Vergleich der mit der Strahlimpuls-Apparatur und dem Kegel-Platte-Rheometer ermittelten Schubspannungen und ersten Normalspannungsdifferenzen zeigt, daß die mit den unterschiedlichen Methoden erhaltenen Werte für alle untersuchten Polymerkonzentrationen mit steigender Schergeschwindigkeit bruchlos aneinander schließen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 20 (1982), S. 413-418 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Automatic zero balance ; Isotonic and isometric bender bar ; Polarity-programmable peak detector ; Strain-gauge d.c. amplifier ; Strain-gauge half bridge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biomechanical measurements of muscles and organs require appropriate measuring equipment. As far as the static properties are concerned, the excursion of the bender bar of stress should be without force. The bender bar of force, however, ideally should not elongate under load. Because natural frequency is the most important boundary condition, the bender bar should be developed with this in mind. The developed bars imposed an insignificant preload to the muscle or to the organ. The small changes in resistance occurring in the resistance strain gauges affixed to the bars require the use of a highly stable amplifier. A new amplifier was accordingly developed based on the principle of an instrumentation amplifier with an integrated bridge supply and an automatic zerobalancing facility. The measured input voltage drift of the whole amplifier is less than 5nV. The maximum muscle contraction, for instance under chemical or electrical stimulation, is an important physiological quantity. Therefore, a polarity-programmable peak detector was also implemented into the equipment. The developed test set is suitable for measuring the lengths or force effects by chemical or electrical stimulation of muscles or organs. With a special bar, it is also possible to measure the degree of Parkinson tremor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-03-19
    Description: Author(s): J. S. Möller, D. Ceresoli, T. Lancaster, N. Marzari, and S. J. Blundell Muon-spin relaxation ( μ + SR) is a sensitive probe of magnetism, but its utility can be severely limited by the lack of knowledge of the muon implantation site and the extent to which the muon perturbs its host. We demonstrate systematically that these problems can be addressed accurately using electr... [Phys. Rev. B 87, 121108] Published Mon Mar 18, 2013
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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