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  • Antibiotic  (1)
  • Cochlear implant  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 448-452 
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Laterobasale Frakturen ; Antibiotika ; Meningitis ; Otoliquorrhoe ; Key words Lateral basal fracture ; Antibiotic ; Meningitis ; Otoliquorrhea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A retrospective study over 5 years evaluated the medical records of 78 patients who had suffered lateral skull base fractures. The purpose of the present study was to answer the question of whether antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the risk of meningitis. Fifty-five of 78 patients (71%) were given no antibiotics, among whom four developed meningitis. In 29% of patients treated with antibiotics, two developed meningitis. This difference was not significant. Even when cases with uncomplicated („simple”) lateral skull base fractures were separated from those with severe additional lesions related to their injuries, no significant correlation was found in the occurrence of meningitis despite the use of an antibiotic. Eight of 14 patients with initial otoliquorrheas were treated with antibiotics, with two of these 8 patients developing meningitis. None of the patients who did not receive antibiotics developed meningitis. Our findings show that it is not advisible to treat patients who have suffered from lateral skull base fractures with prophylactic antibiotics. Instead, these patients should be examined frequently and appropriate antibiotic therapy prescribed at the first clinical symptoms of meningitis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Frage, ob bei laterobasalen Frakturen eine antibiotische Prophylaxe die Gefahr einer Meningitis reduziert oder nicht, wird in der Literatur kontrovers diskutiert. In einer retrospektiven Studie über 5 Jahre wurden die Krankenunterlagen von 78 Patienten mit einer Felsenbeinlängsfraktur diesbezüglich evaluiert. Untersucht wurde die Meningitisinzidenz in Abhängigkeit von der Gabe eines Antibiotikums. Bei 55 (71%) der 78 Patienten wurde kein Antibiotikum gegeben, 4 davon entwickelten eine Meningitis. Von 23 (29%) der 78 Patienten mit einem Antibiotikum bekamen zwei eine Meningitis. Dieser Unterschied der Meningitisinzidenz ist nicht signifikant. Auch bei der Unterteilung in einfache Laterobasisfrakturen und solche mit schweren Begleitverletzungen wurde kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen dem Auftreten einer Meningitis und einer antibiotischen Therapie festgestellt. Von 14 Patienten mit einer nachgewiesenen initialen Otoliquorrhoe erhielten 8 ein Antibiotikum, wovon 2 eine Meningitis entwickelten. Keiner der 6 Patienten ohne ein Antibiotikum mit einer Otoliquorrhoe bekam eine Meningitis. Eine Meningitisprophylaxe ist deshalb bei Felsenbeinlängsfrakturen aus unserer Sicht nicht erforderlich. Wichtig ist jedoch, die Patienten engmaschig zu kontrollieren, um bei klinischen Zeichen einer Meningitis rasch eine antibiogrammgerechte Therapie einleiten zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 249 (1992), S. 172-175 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Hearing ; Stapedius reflex ; Monopolar electrical stimulation ; Cochlear implant ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility of using electrically induced stapedius reflexes as a means of objective hearing evaluation was investigated in the rabbit as an animal model. The contralateral stapedius reflex to acoustic and electrical stimulation was measured in anesthetized rabbits. For electrical stimulation, the middle ear was opened surgically and stimulation was applied by a monopolar electrode placed at or into the round window. Contraction of the middle ear muscle was monitored by digital sampling and averaging of the impedance changes in the contralateral ear. Acoustically evoked reflexes were recorded within expected limits despite anesthesia. The level of the electrical stimulus was raised until mass reflexes of the neck muscles were observed. A contralateral stapedius reflex to electrical stimulation could not be demonstrated. In our experiment, monopolar electrical stimulation at the round window could not elicit contralateral stapedius reflexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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