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  • rheumatoid arthritis  (2)
  • 551.46  (1)
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  • 1
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    Framework for High-End Estimates of Sea Level Rise for Stakeholder Applications (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-06
    Description: An approach to analyze high-end sea level rise is presented to provide a conceptual framework for high-end estimates as a function of time scale, thereby linking robust sea level science with stakeholder needs. Instead of developing and agreeing on a set of high-end sea level rise numbers or using an expert consultation, our effort is focused on the essential task of providing a generic conceptual framework for such discussions and demonstrating its feasibility to address this problem. In contrast, information about high-end sea level rise projections was derived previously either from a likely range emerging from the highest view of emissions in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment (currently the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario) or from independent ad hoc studies and expert solicitations. Ideally, users need high-end sea level information representing the upper tail of a single joint sea level frequency distribution, which considers all plausible yet unknown emission scenarios as well as involved physical mechanisms and natural variability of sea level, but this is not possible. In the absence of such information we propose a framework that would infer the required information from explicit conditional statements (lines of evidence) in combination with upper (plausible) physical bounds. This approach acknowledges the growing uncertainty in respective estimates with increasing time scale. It also allows consideration of the various levels of risk aversion of the diverse stakeholders who make coastal policy and adaptation decisions, while maintaining scientific rigor.
    Keywords: 551.46 ; 627.4 ; sea level rise ; high‐end estimates
    Language: English
    Type: map
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phenylbutazone dose-finding study in rheumatoid arthritis (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 773-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: phenylbutazone ; rheumatoid arthritis ; dose ; oxyphenbutazone ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different doses of phenylbutazone have been compared in a double blind study on 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to determine the minimum effective dose. Of 8 different dose levels studied (90 mg, 150 mg, 180 mg, 240 mg, 270 mg, 300 mg, 360 mg and 450 mg/day) the most efficacious was found to be 300 mg/day. Doses below this did not produce full benefit; no further improvement occurs with higher doses. Although 7/32 patients developed adverse reactions there was no relationship between these and the plasma levels of either phenylbutazone or oxyphenbutazone. An attempt was made to distinguish ‘responders’ from ‘non-responders’. We found no relationship between response and plasma levels of phenylbutazone or oxyphenbutazone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607086
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pharmacological and clinical comparison of prednisolone and betamethasone in rheumatoid arthritis (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prednisolone ; betamethasone ; rheumatoid arthritis ; adrenal suppression ; chronic dosage ; anti-inflammatory activities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Two oral corticosteroids, prednisolone (8 mg/day) and betamethasone (1 mg/day) have been compared in terms of efficacy and adrenal suppressive activity when used in chronic oral dosage in rheumatoid arthritis. 2. 20 patients were entered to a single blind crossover study receiving each drug for a two-week period. Clinical and laboratory assessments were performed. 3. At this dosage there was no significant difference between any of the clinical parameters assessed for either drug though patient preference was 13 for prednisolone and 7 for betamethasone. 4. At this dosage adrenal suppression was not equivalent, being significantly more marked with betamethasone. 5. The results suggest that prednisolone is the drug of choice for chronic dosage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613613
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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