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  • 551.46  (1)
  • Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Echo intensity, relative; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; MSM117; MSM117_0_Underway-4; Pings, averaged to a double ensemble value; Quality flag, current velocity; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Vessel mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler [75 kHz]; VMADCP-75; WB Circ Brazil  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-10-13
    Description: The Atlantic Subtropical Cells (STCs) are shallow wind-driven overturning circulations connecting the tropical upwelling areas to the subtropical subduction regions. In both hemispheres, they are characterized by equatorward transport at thermocline level, upwelling at the equator, and poleward Ekman transport in the surface layer. This study uses recent data from Argo floats complemented by ship sections at the western boundary as well as reanalysis products to estimate the meridional water mass transports and to investigate the vertical and horizontal structure of the STCs from an observational perspective. The seasonally varying depth of meridional velocity reversal is used as the interface between the surface poleward flow and the thermocline equatorward flow. The latter is bounded by the 26.0 kg m−3 isopycnal at depth. We find that the thermocline layer convergence is dominated by the southern hemisphere water mass transport (9.0 ± 1.1 Sv from the southern hemisphere compared to 2.9 ± 1.3 Sv from the northern hemisphere) and that this transport is mostly confined to the western boundary. Compared to the asymmetric convergence at thermocline level, the wind-driven Ekman divergence in the surface layer is more symmetric, being 20.4 ± 3.1 Sv between 10°N and 10°S. The net poleward transports (Ekman minus geostrophy) in the surface layer concur with values derived from reanalysis data (5.5 ± 0.8 Sv at 10°S and 6.4 ± 1.4 Sv at 10°N). A diapycnal transport of about 3 Sv across the 26.0 kg m−3 isopycnal is required in order to maintain the mass balance of the STC circulation.
    Keywords: 551.46 ; Atlantic Subtropical Cells ; wind-driven overturning circulations
    Language: English
    Type: map
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: Current velocities of the upper water column along the cruise track of R/V Maria S. Merian cruise MSM117 were collected by a vessel-mounted 75 kHz RDI Ocean Surveyor ADCP. The ADCP transducer was located at 6.0 m below the water line. The instrument was operated in two different configurations: 1) narrowband mode with 8 m bins and a blanking distance of 8 m, with a total of 100 bins, 2) broadband mode with 5 m bins and a blanking distance of 5 m, with a total of 128 bins. Heading, pitch and roll data from the ship's motion reference unit and the navigation data from the Global Positioning systems were used by the data acquisition software VmDAS internally to convert ADCP velocities into earth coordinates. Single-ping data were screened for bottom signals and, where appropriate, a bottom mask was manually processed. The ship's velocity was calculated from position fixes obtained by the Global Positioning System (GPS). Accuracy of the ADCP velocities mainly depends on the quality of the position fixes and the ship's heading data. Further errors stem from a misalignment of the transducer with the ship's centerline. Data post-processing included water track calibration of the misalignment angle (configuration 1: -47.4696° +/- 0.7022°, configuration 2: -47.4676° +/- 0.9771°) and scale factor (configuration1: 1.0081 +/- 0.0114, configuration 2: 1.0086 +/- 0.0161) of the Ocean Surveyor signal. The velocity data were averaged in time using an average interval of 60 s. Velocity quality flagging is based on following threshold criteria: abs(UC) or abs(VC) 〉 2.0 m/s, rms(UC_z) or rms(VC_z) 〉 0.3.
    Keywords: Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Echo intensity, relative; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; MSM117; MSM117_0_Underway-4; Pings, averaged to a double ensemble value; Quality flag, current velocity; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Vessel mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler [75 kHz]; VMADCP-75; WB Circ Brazil
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20535010 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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