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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Anastomosengeschwür am operierten Magen (1977)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 343 (1977), S. 133-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Peptic ulcer ; Anastomosis ; Duodenogastric reflux ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie gilt dem Anastomosengeschwür am operierten Magen. Diese schwerwiegende Komplikation entsteht nahezu ausschließlich nach Resektionsverfahren mit duodenaler Exklusion (Billroth II; Verlegung des Duodenum in den Nebenschluß). - An 54 männlichen Wistarratten wurden verschiedene Formen der duodenalen Exklusion mit und ohne duodenogastrischen Reflux durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse unserer Untersuchungen zeigen, daß nach duodenaler Exklusionmit Reflux gesetzmäßig peptische Anastomosengeschwüre entstehen. Der kontinuierliche Reflux von Galle und Pankreassekret ist der ausschlaggebende ätiologische Faktor für die Ulcusentstehung im Grenzgebiet der Anastomose von Magen und Dünndarm. Stase im ausgeschalteten Zwölffingerdarm (Syndrom der zuführenden Schlinge) fördert die lcerogene Refluxwirkung. Fehlt der Pylorus, so potenzieren sich Reflux und Stase zur größten Ulcusfrequenz (〉 90%). Bei erhaltenem Pylorus ist die Geschwürsincidenz wesentlich geringer. Der duodenogastrische Reflux hemmt die meßbare Salzsäuresekretion signifikant (P 〈 0,01); Salzsäure spielt demnach für die Entstehung des experimentellen Anastomosengeschwürs der Ratte keine wesentliche Rolle. - Im Hinblick auf die Prophylaxe des Anastomosengeschwürs führen diese Erkenntnisse zu der Forderung, auf Operationsverfahren mit duodenaler Exklusion und Reflux (Billroth II) zu verzichten und das Operationsziel bei der Magenresektion auf die Wiederherstellung der orthograden MagenDarm-Passage zu richten.
    Notes: Summary Different types of duodenal by-pass operations with and without duodenogastric reflux were performed on 54 male Wistar rats. The results of our investigation show that following duodenal by-pass with reflux peptic anastomotic ulcer regularly occurs. The constant reflux of bile and pancreas juice is the most important aetiologic factor in the development of ulcer in the vicinity of the anastomosis between the stomach and small intestine. Stasis in the by-passed duodenum (afferent loop syndrome) promotes ulcerogenic action of reflux. In the absence of the pylorus the effects of ref lux and stasis potentiate, resulting in a high frequency of ulcer (〉 90 %). With intact pylorus the incidence is low. Duodenogastric reflux prevents hydrochloric acid secretion significantly (P 〈 0.01); hydrochloric acid thus plays a minor role in the development of experimental anastomotic ulcer of the rat. - In considering the prophylaxis against anastomotic ulcer, these findings support the claim of avoiding surgical techniques involving duodenal by-pass and reflux (Billroth II with short loop GE). Gastric resection should, therefore, aim at the reconstruction of the orthograde peristalsis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01262005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maligne Entartung der Colitis ulcerosa im Experiment (1976)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 343 (1976), S. 307-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Ulcerative colitis ; Carrageenan ; 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine ; Adenocarcinoma ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Tierversuch wurde die Frage geprüft, ob der Dickdarm bei bestehender Colitis zur malignen Entartung disponiert ist. Männliche Wistarratten erhielten nach Induktion einer Colitis ulcerosa (durch Verabreichung von 4%igem Carrageenan im Trinkwasser) das dickdarmspezifische Karzinogen 1,2-Dimethylhydrazin (DMH; Gesamtdosis 132 mg/kg Körpergewicht subcutan während 7 Wochen). 17 von 18 Tieren entwickelten 15 Wochen nach der letzten Injektion des Karzinogens multiple Adenocarcinome im distalen Colon; dieser Dickdarmabschnitt war auch der bevorzugte Ort der Carrageenan-induzierten Colitis. In einem Kollektiv von Kontrolltieren (n = 18), welche nur DMH erhalten halten, erkrankten im gleichen Zeitraum lediglich 3 Ratten an einem Coloncarcinom. Der Unterschied ist statistisch signifikant (P 〉 0,01). Carrageenan allein wirkte nicht als Karzinogen. Die Ergebnisse unserer Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Colitis ulcerosa auch im Tierversuch als Krebsrisikokrankheit aufzufassen ist.
    Notes: Summary Animal experiments were performed to answer the question whether ulcerative colitis is predisposed to malignant degeneration.-Male Wistar rats were given aqueous solutions of degraded Carrageenan (4%; w/v). After induction of ulcerative colitis, 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH; 132 mg/kg body weight) was applicated during a period of 7 weeks. 17 of 18 rats developed multiple adenocarcinomas in the distal colon 15 weeks after the last injection of DMH. The Carrageenan induced colitis was localized predominantly in the distal part of the large bowel. Only 3 rats of a control group of 18 animals exposed to DMH only showed carcinomas of the colon. The difference is proven significant (P 〈 0.01). Carrageenan for itself caused no malignancy.-The results of the experiments demonstrate that, during ulcerative colitis, the colon of the rat is more susceptible to induction of cancer than the intact one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01300577
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hormonal control of egg maturation in the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 59 (1991), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Heliothis zea ; reproduction ; corpora allata ; juvenile hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract At eclosion, the ovaries of female Corn earworm Heliothis zea do not contain mature eggs. Virgin-unfed females produced approximately 400 mature eggs in 8 days; mating or feeding doubled this number, and mating plus feeding more than tripled it. Females allatectomized or decapitated at day O matured few eggs. Egg production was restored by implantation of active corpora allata (CA) or by treatment with the juvenile hormone (JH) analogue methoprene at day 0. 20-Hydroxyecdysone, on the other hand, had no effect. Females in which the CA had been denervated or in which the median neurosecretory cells of the brain had been ablated at day O produced fewer eggs than sham-operated animals. These results indicate that egg maturation is controlled by JH and that continuous input from the brain is required for sustained CA activity for maintaining a high rates of egg maturation. The rate of JH biosynthesis by CA in vitro was determined with a radiochemical assay. The major hormones produced were JH-II and JH-III with small quantities of JH-I. The rates of JH synthesis were similar in all experimental groups which may indicate that the in vitro rate of JH synthesis does not reflect the actual state of CA activity in the female.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351958
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