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  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models  (1)
  • Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)  (1)
  • 1
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    Tephrostratigraphy, chronology and climatic events of the Mediterranean basin during the Holocene: an overview (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The identification and characterisation of high-frequency climatic changes during the Holocene requires natural archives with precise and accurate chronological control, which is usually difficult to achieve using only 14C chronologies. The presence of time-spaced tephra beds in Quaternary Mediterranean successions represents an additional, independent tool for dating and correlating different sedimentary archives. These tephra layers are potentially useful for resolving long-standing issues in paleoclimatology and can help towards correlating terrestrial and marine paleoclimate archives. Known major tephras of regional extent derive from central and southern Italy, the Hellenic Arc, and from Anatolia. A striking feature of major Holocene tephra deposition events in the Mediterranean is that they are clustered rather than randomly distributed in time. Several tephra layers occurred at the time of the S1 sapropel formation between c. 8.4 and 9.0 ka BP (Mercato, Gabellotto-Fiumebianco/E1, Cappadocia) and other important tephra layers (Avellino, Agnano Monte Spina, ‘Khabur’ and Santorini/Thera) occurred during the during the second and third millennia bc, marking an important and complex phase of environmental changes during the mid- to late-Holocene climatic transition. There is great potential in using cryptotephra to overlap geographically Italian volcanic ashes with those originating from the Aegean and Anatolia, in order to connect regional tephrochronologies between the central and eastern Mediterranean.
    Description: In press
    Description: (21)
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Holocene ; Mediterranean basin ; paleoclimate ; tephrochronology ; tephrostratigraphy ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Occult Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloid in Severe Calcific Aortic Stenosis: Prevalence and Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement [Cardiomyopathies] (2016)
    American Heart Association (AHA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-18
    Description: Background— Calcific aortic stenosis (cAS) affects 3% of individuals aged 〉75 years, leading to heart failure and death unless the valve is replaced. Wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloid is also a disorder of ageing individuals. Prevalence and clinical significance of dual pathology are unknown. This study explored the prevalence of wild-type transthyretin amyloid in cAS by myocardial biopsy, its imaging phenotype and prognostic significance. Methods and Results— A total of 146 patients with severe AS requiring surgical valve replacement underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance and intraoperative biopsies; 112 had cAS (75±6 years; 57% men). Amyloid was sought histologically using Congo red staining and then typed using immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry; patients with amyloid underwent clinical evaluation including genotyping and 99m TC-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic-acid (DPD) bone scintigraphy. Amyloid was identified in 6 of 146 patients, all with cAS and 〉65 years (prevalence 5.6% in cAS 〉65). All 6 patients had wild-type transthyretin amyloid (mean age 75 years; range, 69–85; 4 men), not suspected on echocardiography. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings were of definite cardiac amyloidosis in 2, but could be explained solely by AS in the other 4. Postoperative DPD scans demonstrated cardiac localization in all 4 patients who had this investigation (2 died prior). At follow-up (median, 2.3 years), 50% with amyloid had died (versus 7.5% in cAS; 6.9% in age 〉65 years). In univariable analyses, the presence of transthyretin amyloidosis amyloid had the highest hazard ratio for death (9.5 [95% confidence interval, 2.5–35.8]; P =0.001). Conclusions— Occult wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloid had a prevalence of 6% among patients with AS aged 〉65 years undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement and was associated with a poor outcome.
    Keywords: Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    Print ISSN: 1941-9651
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-0080
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by American Heart Association (AHA)
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    PAPER CURRENT
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