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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanism of Action of Miltefosine on Leishmania donovani Involves the Impairment of Acidocalcisome Function and the Activation of the Sphingosine-Dependent Plasma Membrane Ca 2+ Channel
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2018
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 62, No. 1 ( 2018-01)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 62, No. 1 ( 2018-01)
    Abstract: Leishmania donovani is the causing agent of visceral leishmaniasis, a common infection that affects millions of people from the most underdeveloped countries. Miltefosine is the only oral drug to treat infections caused by L. donovani . Nevertheless, its mechanism of action is not well understood. While miltefosine inhibits the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and also affects the parasite mitochondrion, inhibiting the cytochrome c oxidase, it is to be expected that this potent drug also produces its effect through other targets. In this context, it has been reported that the disruption of the intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis represents an important object for the action of drugs in trypanosomatids. Recently, we have described a plasma membrane Ca 2+ channel in Leishmania mexicana , which is similar to the L-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel (VGCC) present in humans. Remarkably, the parasite Ca 2+ channel is activated by sphingosine, while the L-type VGCC is not affected by this sphingolipid. In the present work we demonstrated that, similarly to sphingosine, miltefosine is able to activate the plasma membrane Ca 2+ channel from L. donovani . Interestingly, nifedipine, the classical antagonist of the human channel, was not able to fully block the parasite plasma membrane Ca 2+ channel, indicating that the mechanism of interaction is not identical to that of sphingosine. In this work we also show that miltefosine is able to strongly affect the acidocalcisomes from L. donovani , inducing the rapid alkalinization of these important organelles. In conclusion, we demonstrate two new mechanisms of action of miltefosine in L. donovani , both related to disruption of parasite Ca 2+ homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01614-17
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Short-Term Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections: Evidence for Increasing Prevalence of Gram-Negative Microorganisms from a 25-Year Prospective Observational Study
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2018
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 62, No. 11 ( 2018-11)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 62, No. 11 ( 2018-11)
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the etiology and outcome of short-term peripheral venous catheter (PVC)-related bloodstream infections (PVCRBSI) in a 25-year period (1992 to 2016) and to identify predictive factors of Gram-negative PVCRBSI. This was a prospective observational study including all episodes of PVCRBSI. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for calendar year was built to explore factors associated with a Gram-negative bacterial etiology. Over the study period, 711 episodes of PVCRBSI were identified. Incidence rate of PVCRBSI increased from 0.06 to 0.13 episodes/1,000 patient-days. A Gram-negative bacterial etiology was demonstrated in 162 (22.8%) episodes. There was a significant increase in the proportion of Gram-negative infections (22.6% in 1992 to 1996 versus 33.2% in 2012 to 2016). Independent predictive factors of Gram-negative PVCRBSI were the following: being in the hospital for more than 7 days with a catheter in situ for more than 3 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.20 to 2.69), surgery in the previous month (aOR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.40 to 4.09), and antimicrobial treatment with beta-lactams (aOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.78). In conclusion, we reported an increase in the prevalence of Gram-negative PVCRBSI over the last 25 years. Factors associated with a Gram-negative bacterial etiology were being in the hospital for more than 7 days with a catheter in situ for more than 3 days, having undergone surgery, and having received antimicrobial treatment with beta-lactams.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00892-18
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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