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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Magnolol Reduces Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via Inhibition of Apoptosis
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2017
    In:  The American Journal of Chinese Medicine Vol. 45, No. 07 ( 2017-01), p. 1421-1439
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 45, No. 07 ( 2017-01), p. 1421-1439
    Abstract: Magnolol, a constituent of the bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been reported to decrease myocardial stunning and infarct size. In this study, we investigated whether magnolol can reduce renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Renal I/R, induced by a 60-min occlusion of bilateral renal arteries and a 24-h reperfusion, significantly increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, and caused histological damage to the kidneys of rats. Apoptosis, as evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and caspase-3 activation, was significantly increased in the kidneys. Furthermore, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text] ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated, while the interleukin-10 (IL-10) level was suppressed. However, intravenous pretreatment with magnolol at doses of 0.003[Formula: see text]mg/kg and 0.006[Formula: see text] mg/kg 10[Formula: see text]min before renal I/R significantly limited the increases of BUN, creatinine, the histological damage, and apoptosis in the kidneys. The increases in TNF-[Formula: see text] , IL-1β, and IL-6, and the decrease in IL-10 were also significantly inhibited. Additionally, magnolol increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax in the kidneys. Phosphorylation of the prosurvival kinases, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), was elevated, while phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinases, including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), was suppressed. In conclusion, magnolol reduces renal I/R injury. The underlying mechanisms for this effect might be related to the prevention of apoptosis, possibly via the inhibition of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, including the reduction of TNF-[Formula: see text] production and the modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling elements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-415X , 1793-6853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X1750077X
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
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    Two Antifungal Components Isolated from Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli by Bioassay-Guided Purification
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2010
    In:  The American Journal of Chinese Medicine Vol. 38, No. 05 ( 2010-01), p. 1005-1014
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    In: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 38, No. 05 ( 2010-01), p. 1005-1014
    Abstract: Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli have long been used as Chinese medicines to treat various ailments such as asthma, eczema and dermatomycosis. In previous studies, their antifungal activities were demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to isolate active antidermatophytic compounds from their ethanolic extracts by means of bioassay-guided purification. Guided by the inhibitory activities on Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Paecilomyces variotii, bakuchiol was isolated from the n-hexane fraction of Fructus Psoraleae whilst macrocarpal C was isolated from the n-hexane fraction of Folium Eucalypti Globuli. Both pure compounds could effectively inhibit the growth of dermatophytes in vitro. This is the first paper to report the isolation and identification of active antidermatophytic compounds from Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli by the bioassay-guided purification.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-415X , 1793-6853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X10008421
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 3
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    Baicalein Reduces Liver Injury Induced by Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2016
    In:  The American Journal of Chinese Medicine Vol. 44, No. 03 ( 2016-01), p. 531-550
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 44, No. 03 ( 2016-01), p. 531-550
    Abstract: Baicalein is a component of the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which has traditionally been used to treat liver disease in China. In the present study, we investigated baicalein’ ability to reduce the liver injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Myocardial I/R was induced in this experiment by a 40[Formula: see text]min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 3[Formula: see text] h reperfusion in rats. The induced myocardial I/R significantly increased the serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), indicating the presence of liver injury. Hepatic apoptosis was significantly increased. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text] ), interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text] ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated, as was the TNF-[Formula: see text] level in the liver. Intravenous pretreatment with baicalein (3, 10, or 30[Formula: see text] mg/kg) 10[Formula: see text]min before myocardial I/R significantly reduced the serum level increase of AST and ALT, apoptosis in the liver, and the elevation of TNF-[Formula: see text] , IL-1[Formula: see text], and IL-6 levels. Moreover, baicalein increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax in the liver. Phosphorylation of the prosurvival kinases, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), was also increased. In conclusion, we found that baicalein can reduce the liver injury induced by myocardial I/R. The underlying mechanisms are likely related to the inhibition of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, possibly via the inhibition of TNF-[Formula: see text] production, the modulation of Bcl-2 and Bax, and the activation of Akt and ERK1/2. Our findings may provide a rationale for the application of baicalein or traditional Chinese medicine containing large amounts of baicalein to prevent liver injury in acute myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-415X , 1793-6853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X16500294
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 4
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    Baicalein Attenuates Lung Injury Induced by Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2017
    In:  The American Journal of Chinese Medicine Vol. 45, No. 04 ( 2017-01), p. 791-811
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 45, No. 04 ( 2017-01), p. 791-811
    Abstract: Baicalein is an active component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which has traditionally been used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, we investigated if treatment with baicalein can attenuate the lung injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Myocardial I/R, induced by a 40-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 3-h reperfusion, significantly increased histological damage and the wet-to-dry weight ratio of lungs in rats. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive nuclei and caspase-3 activation was significantly increased in the lungs. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text] ), interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text] ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated, as were TNF-[Formula: see text] levels in the lung. Intravenous administration with baicalein at doses of 3, 10, and 30[Formula: see text] mg/kg for ten minutes before myocardial I/R significantly reduced histological damage, the wet-to-dry weight ratio, and apoptosis in the lung. Baicalein also significantly inhibited the increase in levels of TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-1[Formula: see text] , and IL-6. Moreover, baicalein increased Bcl-2 and decreased p53, Bax, and cytochrome [Formula: see text] in lungs. Phosphorylation of the prosurvival kinases, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), was increased, while the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinases, including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), was decreased. In conclusion, treatment with baicalein attenuates the lung injury induced by myocardial I/R. The mechanisms might be related to the limiting of apoptosis, possibly via the inhibition of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, including the inhibition of TNF-[Formula: see text] production and modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling elements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-415X , 1793-6853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X17500422
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 5
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    USING CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION TO CLARIFY CROSS-SPECIES GENE NORMALIZATION AMBIGUITY
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2010
    In:  International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Vol. 20, No. 02 ( 2010-03), p. 197-214
    Details
    In: International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 20, No. 02 ( 2010-03), p. 197-214
    Abstract: The goal of Gene Normalization (GN) is to identify the unique database IDs of genes and proteins mentioned in biomedical literature. A major difficulty in GN comes from the ambiguity of gene names. That is, the same gene name can refer to different database IDs depending on the species in question. In this paper, we introduce a method to exploit contextual information in an abstract, like tissue type, chromosome location, etc., to tackle this problem. Using this technique, we have been able to improve system performance (F-score) by 14.3% on the BioCreAtIvE-II GN task test set. We also examined our method on a full-text dataset with cross-species genes. The experimental results show a promising performance (AUC) of 42.94%. Our experimental results also show that with full text, versus abstract only, the system performance was 12.24% higher.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0218-1940 , 1793-6403
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0218194010004694
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2010
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