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  • 1
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    A two-dimensional layered CdII coordination polymer with a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture incorporating mixed multidentate N- and O-donor ligands (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-14
    Description: The combination of N-heterocyclic and multicarboxylate ligands is a good choice for the construction of metal–organic frameworks. In the title coordination polymer, poly[bis{μ 2 -1-[(1 H -benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1 H -tetrazole-κ 2 N 3 : N 4 }(μ 4 -butanedioato-κ 4 O 1 : O 1′ : O 4 : O 4′ )(μ 2 -butanedioato-κ 2 O 1 : O 4 )dicadmium], [Cd(C 4 H 4 O 4 )(C 9 H 8 N 6 )] n , each Cd II ion exhibits an irregular octahedral CdO 4 N 2 coordination geometry and is coordinated by four O atoms from three carboxylate groups of three succinate (butanedioate) ligands and two N atoms from two 1-[(1 H -benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1 H -tetrazole (bimt) ligands. Cd II ions are connected by two kinds of crystallographically independent succinate ligands to generate a two-dimensional layered structure with bimt ligands located on each side of the layer. Adjacent layers are further connected by hydrogen bonding, leading to a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture in the solid state. Thermogravimetric analysis of the title polymer shows that it is stable up to 529 K and then loses weight from 529 to 918 K, corresponding to the decomposition of the bimt ligands and succinate groups. The polymer exhibits a strong fluorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature.
    Print ISSN: 0108-2701
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5759
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of International Union of Crystallography (IUCr).
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  • 2
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    Evaporation kinetics of polyol droplets: determination of evaporation coefficients and diffusion constants (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2017-10-27
    Description: In order to quantify the kinetics of mass transfer between the gas and condensed phases in aerosol, physicochemical properties of the gas and condensed phases as well as kinetic parameters (mass/thermal accommodation coefficient) are crucial for estimating mass fluxes over a wide size range from the free-molecule to continuum regimes. In this study, we report measurements of the evaporation kinetics of droplets of 1-butanol, ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG) and glycerol under well-controlled conditions (gas flow rates, temperature) using the previously-developed cylindrical electrode Electrodynamic Balance (EDB) technique. Measurements are compared with a model that captures the heat and mass transfer occurring at the evaporating droplet surface. The aim of these measurements is to clarify the discrepancy in the reported values of mass accommodation coefficient (α M , equals to evaporation coefficient based on microscopic reversibility) for 1-butanol, EG and DEG, and improve the accuracy of the value of the diffusion coefficient for glycerol in gaseous nitrogen. The uncertainties in the thermophysical and experimental parameters are carefully assessed, the literature values of the vapour pressures of these components are evaluated and the plausible ranges of the evaporation coefficients for 1-butanol, EG and DEG as well as uncertainty in diffusion coefficient for glycerol are reported. Results show that α M should be greater than 0.4, 0.2 and 0.4 for EG, DEG and 1-butanol, respectively. The refined values are helpful for accurate prediction of the evaporation / condensation rates.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Fermentation Broth of Plant Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae Isolated from the Chinese Podocarpaceae Plant Podocarpus macrophyllus (2011)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Two new sesquiterpenoid esters, pestalotiopins B and C ( 1 and 2 , resp.) related to the eremophilane class, together with one known compound, berkleasmin C ( 3 ), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D- and 2D-NMR (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and MS experiments. Compound 1 has an interesting lactam structure, and this type of sesquiterpenoid with a lactam structure is reported for the first time.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 4
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    Distributed sensing of ionospheric irregularities with a GNSS receiver array (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2017-06-30
    Description: We present analysis methods for studying the structuring and motion of ionospheric irregularities at the sub-kilometer scale sizes that produce L-band scintillations. Spaced receiver methods are used for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers' phase measurements over approximately sub-kilometer to kilometer-length baselines for the first time. The quantities estimated by these techniques are: plasma drift velocity, diffraction anisotropy magnitude and orientation, and characteristic velocity. Uncertainties are quantified by ensemble simulation of noise on the phase signals carried through to the observations of the spaced-receiver linear system. These covariances are then propagated through to uncertainties on drifts through linearization about the estimated values of the state. Five receivers of the Scintillation Auroral Global Positioning System (GPS) Array (SAGA) provide 100 Hz power and phase data for each channel at L1 frequency. The array is sited in the auroral zone at Poker Flat Research Range, Alaska. A case study of a single scintillating satellite observed by the array is used to demonstrate the spaced receiver and uncertainty estimation process. A second case study estimates drifts as measured by multiple scintillating channels. These scintillations are correlated with auroral activity, based on all-sky camera images. Measurements and uncertainty estimates made over a 30-minute period are made and compared to a collocated incoherent scatter radar, and show good agreement in horizontal drift speed and direction during periods of scintillation for which the characteristic velocity is less than the drift velocity.
    Print ISSN: 0048-6604
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-799X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    mTOR regulate EMT through RhoA and Rac1 pathway in prostate cancer (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-09
    Description: Recently, an increasing number of studies have suggested that mTOR plays a critical role in the regulation of tumor cell motility, invasion and cancer metastasis. However, little is known about the signaling mechanisms in regulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of prostate cancer. In this study, we found that the expression levels of Raptor and Rictor in prostate cancer tissues were elevated, which may suggest that Raptor and Rictor signaling pathways are associated with prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Inhibition of mTORC1 or mTORC2 by knock down of Raptor or Rictor, respectively, migration and invasion of prostate cancer were attenuated. Furthermore, EMT, a characterized by the changed expression levels of various markers like E-cadherin, β-catenin, N-cadherin, and vimentin emergend following inhibition of Raptor or Rictor. Finally, the small GTPases (RhoA and Rac1) which were crucial regulatory proteins in cell migration and invasion were inactivited after downregulating Raptor and Rictor. These results suggest that mTOR regulate EMT at least in part by down regulation of RhoA and Rac1 signaling pathways. Our findings provide novel very attractive target strategies that the inhibition of mTOR signaling pathways may retard prostate cancer migration and invasion at early stages. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 0899-1987
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-2744
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    High liver fibrosis index FIB-4 highly predictive of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B carriers (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-14
    Description: ABSTRACT Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is clinically important as its early detection has remarkable survival benefits. We investigated the possible role of FIB-4, a recently developed noninvasive marker for liver fibrosis based on routine laboratory tests, as a clinical indicator for predicting future HCC among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. Our retrospective cohort study involved 986 Korean HBsAg carriers aged 40 or older who visited Seoul National University Hospital for health check-up. National medical service claims data was used to determine HCC incidence. Median follow-up time was 5.4 years (interquartile range 4.4 years). Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, and anti-viral medication for hepatitis B, compared to subjects with FIB-4 〈1.25, subjects with 1.7≤ FIB-4 〈2.4 showed aHR 4.57 (95% CI 1.50-13.92) and subjects with FIB-4 ≥2.4 showed aHR 21.34 (95% CI 7.73-58.92) for HCC incidence. FIB-4 was shown to have incremental predictive value to ultrasonographic liver cirrhosis for HCC incidence (C-index 0.701 vs. 0.831; P =0.001). FIB-4 was also better predictive of HCC incidence compared to that of ultrasonographic liver cirrhosis (C-index 0.775 vs. 0.701; P =0.040). Conclusion: High FIB-4 is a highly predictive risk factor for HCC incidence among Korean HBsAg carriers. FIB-4 is a promising, easily applicable, and cost-effective clinical tool in identifying a subpopulation of HBsAg carriers who are at heightened risk. Our study needs to be replicated in larger future studies on various ethnic groups; nonetheless, our study suggests FIB-4 may play a valuable role in HCC screening among HBsAg carriers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 7
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    The p.Ser267Phe variant in SLC10A1 is associated with resistance to chronic hepatitis B (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-22
    Description: In the past 50 years there have been considerable efforts to identify the cellular receptor of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Recently, in vitro evidence from several groups has shown that sodium/bile acid cotransporter (NTCP, which is encoded by SLC10A1 and which transports bile acids into hepatic cells in enterohepatic recirculation) is a strong candidate. In particular, in vitro p.Ser267Phe variation of SLC10A1 results in loss of HBV receptor function. We tested the role of NTCP as a receptor for HBV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients by using a genetic association study. We selected SLC10A1 variants from 189 exomes. We used Sanger sequencing to follow up the association of the various SLC10A1 variants in a Han Chinese cohort of 1,899 CHB patients and 1,828 healthy controls. We further investigated the potential impact of the p.Ser267Phe variant on NTCP function using structural analysis. The p.Ser267Phe variant was associated with healthy status ( p =5.7 × 10 −23 , odds ratios 0.36) irrespective of hepatitis B virus surface antibody (HBsAb) status ( p = 6.2 × 10 −21 and 1.5 × 10 −10 respectively when the cases were compared with HBsAb positive and negative controls). The variation was also associated with a lower incidence of acute-on-chronic liver failure ( p = 0.007). The estimated heritability explained by this single variation was ∼3.2%. The population prevented fraction was around 13.0% among the Southern Chinese. Our structural modeling showed that the p.Ser267Phe variant might interfere with ligand binding, thereby preventing HBV from cellular entry. CONCLUSION : The p.Ser267Phe NTCP variant is significantly associated with resistance to CHB and a lower incidence of acute-on-chronic liver failure. Our results support NTCP is a cellular receptor for HBV in human infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 8
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    FeOx Supported Single-Atom Pd Bifunctional Catalyst for Water Gas Shift Reaction (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-21
    Description: Water gas shift (WGS) reaction on supported noble metal catalysts is an essential process for upgrading hydrogen source industrially. Here a series of Pd/FeO x catalysts were detected for this reaction with Pd/Al 2 O 3 as reference. It was found that Pd/FeO x exhibited higher CO conversion than Pd/Al 2 O 3 with a good stability even in the presence of CO 2 and H 2 . Along the loading decreasing, the turnover frequency of exposed Pd atoms increased with the dispersion from subnanometer (∼1 nm) to single-atoms. Various characterizations suggested that Pd single-atoms greatly enhanced the reducibility of FeO x and facilitated the formation of oxygen vacancies, which served as sites to promote the dissociation of H 2 O to form H 2 and atomic O. The atomic O was ready to react with the linear adsorbed CO species on Pd single-atom sites through a redox mechanism, which resulted in low activation energy of ∼30 kJ/mol. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0001-1541
    Electronic ISSN: 1547-5905
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE).
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