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  • 1
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionspray ionization of solutions containing peptides (M) plus alkali metal ions X+ produces [M + X]+, [M + H + X]2+ and [M + 2X]2+ ions. Low-energy collision-induced dissociation of these species demonstrated a marked trend towards decreased strength of the M-X+ interaction with increasing size of X+. For example, the [M +2X]2+ species yield predominantly [M + X]+ plus X+ for X+ = K+, Rb+, Cs+, but rich spectra of fragment ions incorporating X+ when X+ = Li+ or Na+. In general, these fragmentation reactions correspond to those established previously for the corresponding [M + X]+ precursor, including formation of [bi + X + OH]+ and [bi + X - H]+ fragments. As a special case, complexes of Li+ or Na+ with peptides having Arg (but not Lys or other basic residues) at the C-terminus undergo a facile loss of 60 u. The resulting [M + X - 60]+ ions also fragment further to yield [yi′ + X - 60]+ fragments. Characterization of the 60 u neutral loss was undertaken by using tandem mass spectrometry plus hydrogen-deuterium exchange, and a mechanism is proposed to account for the characteristics of the process.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 19 (1990), S. 13-26 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The determination of the amino acid composition and sequence of a peptide, using both conventional and tandem fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, is presented. First a list of potential empirical formulae is generated using the accurate mass and isotopic peak intensity ratios from the molecular ion cluster. The formulae are mathematically analyzed to ensure that they correspond to linear peptides composed of 19 common amino acids. Then using the ions below m/z 160 Da, which are characteristic of the amino acid content of the peptide, the formulae are decomposed into possible amino acid compositions. From each composition sequences are generated and their predicted fragment ions are compared to ions present in the mass spectrum. A score based on the intensities and the occurrence of consecutive sequence fragments is calculated. Finally sequences with the ten highest scores are retained. Analyses performed on typical peptides with molecular weights below 1500 Da indicate that identification can generally be achieved using this approach.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 1136-1140 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Multiple clustering of ammonia molecules to triply protonated bovine insulin B chain has been observed in a novel collision cell incorporated as part of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The nature of the phenomenon was examined as a function of both the collision energy and the collision gas thickness in the cell. Increased clustering was observed with higher collision-gas thickness and lower collision energy. Initial experiments indicate that the number of ammonia molecules clustering to the precursor ion may be dependent on the number of available acidic sites.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 268-276 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methods for the analysis of domoic acid (DA) based upon capillary electrophoresis (CE) combined with UV absorbance detection were investigated. DA could be analyzed using bare fused-silica capillaries in either the cationic or anionic mode with acidic or basic buffer systems, respectively. Highest performance, in terms of both separation efficiency and analysis time, was achieved with phosphate or borate buffers at a pH of approximately 9. The addition of (3-cyclodextrin to the borate buffer permitted a separation of DA and several of its isomers (isodomoic acids) that was superior to that achieved with liquid chromatography (LC). The optimum background electrolyte for the separation was 22.5 mM sodium tetraborate at pH 9.2 with 20 mM (3-cyclodextrin. In addition, an extraction and clean-up procedure was developed and tested with mussels, clams and anchovies. Aqueous methanol extraction of samples followed by a tandem strong anion and strong cation exchange clean-up provided an extract that was completely compatible with CE analysis. A mass detection limit of 3 pg of DA injected and a method detection limit of 150 ng/g in tissues could be achieved. Comparison with LC showed that comparable precision and accuracy could be attained by the two techniques.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Electrospray ; Mass spectrometry ; Oligosaccharides ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of underivatized core oligosaccharides arising from mild acid hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O5 was achieved using a transient isotachophoretic preconcentration method coupled to capillary zone electrophoresis-electrospray-mass spectrometry (tCITP-CZE-ES-MS). The combination of a tCITP preconcentration step provided a 10- to 50-fold enhancement of sample loading and a corresponding improvement in sensitivity compared to the conventional zone electrophoresis format. Electrophoretic conditions, enabling the separation of these anionic analytes, were developed to determine possible sites of heterogeneity on either the core or the O-chain structures. The tCITP-CZE-ES-MS technique provided unparalleled resolution of the different core glycoforms and oligosaccharides obtained from the acid cleavage of the native endotoxins whether isolated following conventional gel permeation chromatography or obtained from direct hydrolysis of the bacterial isolates. These investigations also highlighted the highly phosphorylated nature of these complex cell membrane components, where the heptose residues of the core oligosaccharide can bear up to six phosphate groups# NRCC: 42370..
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Application of pyrolysis-desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry (Py-DCI-MS) is demonstrated for the structural characterization of the native O-specific antigen of Yersinia ruckeri. Under proper pyrolytic and chemical ionization conditions this antigenic polysaccharide yields anhydrohexosamine fragments which facilitate identification of the trimeric repeating unit sequence. Tandem mass spectrometric analyses of the trimeric repeating unit fragments provided additional evidence for the proposed structure and permitted rationalization of the observed fragment ions. Furthermore, Py-DCI-MS of smaller hexosamine subunits isolated during off-line pyrolysis experiments showed fragmentation characteristics almost identical with those observed in the mass spectra of the whole antigen, hence confirming the stability of the pyrolysis fragments.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary zone electrophoresis ; Electrospray mass spectrometry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Yersinia ruckeri ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of underivatized oligosaccharides arising from mild acid hydrolysis of endotoxins from Yersinia ruckeri serotype 02 was achieved using on-line capillary zone electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry (CZE-ESMS). This technique provided unparalleled resolution of the differnt glycans obtained from purified fractions of the native endotoxins or from hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharides from Y. ruckeri. Electrophoretic conditions enabling the separation of anionic and cationic analytes were developed to determine possible sites of heterogeneity on either the core or the O-chain glycans. Structural characterization of underivatized oligosaccharides identified in the ion electropherograms was achieved using tandem mass spectrometry under lowcollision energy conditionsNRCC 39726..
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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