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  • 1
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Asymmetric induction ; Chiral acrylic acid derivatives ; Chiral 3-methylenecyclopentane derivatives ; [3+2] Cycloadditions, Ni(0)-catalyzed ; Methylenecyclopropanes ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Methylenecyclopropanes, XI. - Asymmetric Nickel(0)-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloadditions of Methylenecyclopropanes with Chiral Derivatives of Acrylic AcidThe nickel(0)-catalyzed codimerisation of methylenecyclclopropane 1a or 2,2-dimethylmethylenecyclopropane (1b) with the chiral derivatives of acrylic acid 2a-2f leads to the optically active 3-methylenecyclopentanecarboxylic esters 3a, 3c-3f, 4a, and 4c, or amides 3b and 4b in good yields. The diastereomeric excess accessible depends on the steric demand of the chiral auxiliaries, de values up to 98% can be achieved. Some improvements of the preparation of optically pure auxiliaries are also decribed.
    Notes: Bei der Nickel(0)-katalysierten Codimerisierung von Methylencyclopropan (1a) oder 2,2-Dimethylmethylencyclopropan (1b) mit den chiralen Acrylsäure-Derivaten 2a-2f werden die 3-Methylencyclopentancarbonsäureester bzw. -amide (3a-3f, 4a-4c) in guten Ausbeuten gewonnen, wobei, in Abhängigkeit von den sterischen Gegebenheiten der chiralen Hilfsstoffe, Diastereomerenüberschüsse bis zu 98% de erzielt werden. Einige Verbesserungen in der Darstellung der optisch reinen Hilfsgruppen werden ebenfalls beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: ADH ; hypoxic activation ; xylose fermenting yeasts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two Pichia stipitis ADH genes (PsADH1 and PsADH2) were isolated by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Adh--mutant. The genes enabled the transformants to grow in the presence of antimycin A on glucose, to use ethanol as sole carbon source and made them sensitive to allylalcohol.The sequences of the genes showed similarities of 70-77% to sequences of ADH genes of Candida albicans, Kluyveromyces lactis, K. marxianus, and S. cerevisiae and about 60% homology to those of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Aspergillus flavus.Southern hybridization experiments suggested that P. stipitis has only these two ADH genes. Both genes are located on the largest chromosome of P. stipitis.PsADH2 encodes for the ADH activity that is responsible for ethanol formation at oxygen limitation. The gene is regulated at the transcriptional level. Moreover, also in cells grown on ethanol, only PsADH2 transcript was found. PsADH1 transcript was detected under aerobic conditions on fermentable carbon sources.The sequences have been deposited in the EMBL database under the accession numbers Y13238 (PsADH1) and Y13397 (PsADH2). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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