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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorylation of cellulose: Effect of the reactivity of the starting polymer on the properties of the phosphorylated product (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 519-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: When cellulose is phosphorylated with phosphorus oxychloride, the reactivity of the cellulose, as well as reaction time and temperature, influences the relative amounts of phosphorylated and chlorinated product formed. The swelling ability of the phosphorylated product is affected by the pretreatment received by the cellulose (i.e., prior to phosphorylation) to change its reactivity. The thermal decomposition process of phosphorylated cellulose, as indicated by differential thermal analysis, is affected also by the pretreatment received by the cellulose.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250317
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Polystannane. III. 1,2-Dichlortetramethyldistannan, eine Sn—Sn-verknüpfte helicale Bandstruktur [(…SnMe2—Cl…SnMe2—Cl…)∞]2Mit Teilen der geplanten Dissertation von S. Adams.Professor Gerhard Gattow zum 60. Geburtstage am 6. Februar 1986 gewidmet (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 532 (1986), S. 81-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Polystannanes. III. 1,2-Dichloro-tetramethyl-distannane. Forming a Sn—Sn-connected Helical Double Chain Structure [(…SnMe2Cl…SnMe2—Cl…)∞]2The crystal structure of the title compound has been determined at -160°C and refined to R = 0.071 (bond lengths Sn—Sn 277.0(2), Sn—Cl 244.2(3) and 244.8(3), Sn—C 214(2) pm). Intermolecular Sn…Cl connection (324.0(3) and 329.2(3) pm) results in a double chain structure. 119Sn-NMR spectra in CH2Cl2 and acetone exhibit a movable temperature dependent coordination of acetone at the distannane (1J(119Sn—119Sn) 8000 to 9000 Hz; appr. 5000 Hz in CH2Cl2).
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur der Titelverbindung bei -160°C wurde bestimmt und bis R = 0,071 verfeinert (Abstände Sn—Sn 277,0(2), Sn—Cl 244,2(3) und 244,8(3), Sn—C 214(2) pm). Intermolekulare Sn…Cl-Verknüpfung (324,0(3) und 329,2(3) pm) führt zu den im Titel beschriebenen Helixbändern. 119Sn-NMR-Spektren in CH2Cl2 und Aceton zeigen für letzteres eine lose, temperaturabhängige Koordination an die Sn-Atome (1J(119Sn—119Sn) 8000 bis 9000 Hz; etwa 5000 Hz in CH2Cl2).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19865320113
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Dynamics of soil chemical properties in shifting cultivation systems in the tropics: a meta-analysis (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-27
    Description: The forest cultivation system (slash-and-burn or shifting cultivation) has contributed to the transformation of social systems since the early Neolithic period. Despite being considered by conservationists and public policymakers as a system of low productivity that generates environmental degradation and contributes to the maintenance of rural poverty, the shifting cultivation system (SCS) is being declared a practice that is highly ecologically and economically efficient. Such dichotomy of opinions is the consequence of the disparate results of studies assessing the effects of SCS on soil properties of rainforests throughout the last three decades. To circumvent this apparent inconsistency, we used a systematic quantitative review method (meta-analysis), with the objective of integrating and synthesizing the data published in the literature to assess the overall effects of SCS on soil chemical properties. Four variables traditionally assessed in primary studies were chosen for the meta-analyses: pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total carbon (Total C) and total nitrogen (Total N). Our results show that pH values increase under SCS conditions, while Total N and C content are significantly reduced under SCS. No significant impacts are observed on CEC. Our results on pH and CEC support the position from researchers who argue for the sustainability of SCS and highlight the importance of evaluating the soil system as a soil/vegetation complex. Also, our results indicate that soil chemical properties under SCS scenarios are better conserved and more readily recoverable, provided there is a rather longer fallow period than has been traditionally employed.
    Print ISSN: 0266-0032
    Electronic ISSN: 1475-2743
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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