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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personality Vol. 89, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1113-1125
    In: Journal of Personality, Wiley, Vol. 89, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1113-1125
    Abstract: Need for Cognition (NFC) refers to a personality trait describing the relatively stable intrinsic motivation of individuals to invest cognitive effort in cognitive endeavors. Higher NFC is associated with a more elaborated, central information processing style and increased recruitment of resources in cognitively demanding situations. To further clarify the association between cognitive resources and NFC, we examined in two studies how NFC relates to executive functions as basic cognitive abilities. Method In Study 1, 189 healthy young adults completed an NFC scale and a battery of six commonly used inhibitory control tasks (Stroop, antisaccade, stop‐signal, flanker, shape‐matching, word‐naming). In Study 2, 102 healthy young adults completed the NFC scale and two tasks for each of the three executive functions inhibitory control (go‐nogo, stop‐signal), shifting (number‐letter, color‐shape), and working memory updating (two‐back, letter‐memory). Results Using a Bayesian approach to correlation analysis, we found no conclusive evidence that NFC was related to any executive function measure. Instead, we obtained even moderate evidence for the null hypothesis. Conclusions Both studies add to more recent findings that shape the understanding of NFC as a trait that is less characterized by increased cognitive control abilities but rather by increased willingness to invest effort and exert self‐control via motivational processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3506 , 1467-6494
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481250-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    In: Psychophysiology, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 11 ( 2021-11)
    Abstract: Our research on subjective and physiological effort of two emotion regulation strategies adds a new perspective on emotion regulation choice. We provide evidence that the choice of which emotion regulation strategy to apply is not primarily based on its effectiveness, but on the perceived cognitive effort. This may have negative consequences for individuals when the least effortful strategy is not the most effective one.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0048-5772 , 1469-8986
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1484299-3
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    In: Psychophysiology, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 2 ( 2014-02), p. 142-151
    Abstract: The I mplicit A ssociation T est ( IAT ) is a widely used latency‐based categorization task that indirectly measures the strength of automatic associations between target and attribute concepts. So far, little is known about the perceptual and cognitive processes underlying personality IAT s. Thus, the present study examined event‐related potential indices during the execution of an IAT measuring neuroticism ( N  = 70). The IAT effect was strongly modulated by the P 1 component indicating early facilitation of relevant visual input and by a P 3b‐like late positive component reflecting the efficacy of stimulus categorization. Both components covaried, and larger amplitudes led to faster responses. The results suggest a relationship between early perceptual and semantic processes operating at a more automatic, implicit level and later decision‐related categorization of self‐relevant stimuli contributing to the IAT effect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0048-5772 , 1469-8986
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1484299-3
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 4
    In: The Journal of Protozoology, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 1974-11), p. 710-714
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3921
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1974
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2126326-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie Vol. 635, No. 12 ( 2009-10), p. 1940-1946
    In: Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, Wiley, Vol. 635, No. 12 ( 2009-10), p. 1940-1946
    Abstract: The two new compounds Er 3 OFS 3 and Er 3 OF 3 S 2 vary mostly in their fluoride and sulfide content. The fluoride‐poor erbium(III) oxide fluoride sulfide Er 3 OFS 3 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I 4/ mmm ( a = 374.86(2), c = 2068.41(9) pm, Z = 2) with two crystallographically different Er 3+ cations. (Er1) 3+ is surrounded by six S 2– anions in the shape of a slightly distorted octahedron, whereas (Er2) 3+ exhibits a coordination number of eight (4 × O 2– /F – and 4 × S 2– arranged as a square antiprism). In the crystal structure of Er 3 OFS 3 edge‐sharing tetrahedral [ZEr 4 ] 10.5+ units (Z n – = 50 % O 2– + 50 % F – ) form condensed {}^2_\infty [OFEr 2 ] 3+ layers. These layers alternate with {}^2_\infty [ErS 3 ] 3– sheets, built up of [ErS 6 ] 9– octahedra, which are connected through four common edges, to complete the three‐dimensional crystal structure of Er 3 OFS 3 . The fluoride‐rich erbium(III) oxide fluoride sulfide Er 3 OF 3 S 2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Ccce ( a = 538.31(2), b = 1892.03(9), c = 538.27(2) pm, Z = 4). Two crystallographically distinct Er 3+ cations are present in its crystal structure. (Er1) 3+ is surrounded by eight Z n – anions (Z = 25 % O 2– + 75 % F – ) in the shape of a twisted square antiprism, whereas (Er2) 3+ holds a coordination number of nine (4 × O 2– /F – and 5 × S 2– arranged as a monocapped square antiprism), copying the arrangement around the Er 3+ cations in PbFCl‐type ErFS. The three‐dimensional structure of Er 3 OF 3 S 2 is built up of S 2– sheets and {}^2_\infty [OF 3 Er 3 ] 4+ double layers, which are formed by strongly contorted tetrahedral [ZEr 4 ] 10.75+ units (Z n – = 25 % O 2– + 75 % F – ). The crystals of this compound show a prominent superstructure in the tetragonal space group I 4/ mmm with a = 380.59(3), c = 1892.03(9) pm and Z = 2. In the crystal structures of both title compounds, the light anions O 2– and F – occupy one crystallographically unique Wyckoff position in a statistic allocation. Subject to the O/F content in the formulae, the ratio of O 2– :F – is 1:1 in Er 3 OFS 3 and 1:3 in Er 3 OF 3 S 2 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-2313 , 1521-3749
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 201094-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481139-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Vol. 111, No. 12 ( 2023-12), p. 2044-2054
    In: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, Wiley, Vol. 111, No. 12 ( 2023-12), p. 2044-2054
    Abstract: The variety of polymers utilized in medical devices demands for testing of extractables and leachables according to ISO 10993‐18:2020 in combination with ISO 10993‐1:2018. The extraction of the materials involves the use of organic solvents as well as aqueous buffers to cover a wide range of polarity and pH‐values, respectively. To estimate patient exposure to chemicals leaching from a polymer in direct body contact, simulating solvents are applied to best mimic the solubilization and partitioning behavior of the related tissue or body fluid. Here we apply linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) models to predict blood/water and adipose tissue/water partition coefficients. We suggest this predictive approach to project levels of potential leachables, design extraction experiments, and to identify the optimal composition of simulating extraction solvents. We compare our predictions to LSER predictions for commonly applied surrogates like ethanol/water mixtures, butanol, and octanol as well as olive oil, butanone, 1,4‐dioxane for blood and adipose tissue, respectively. We therefore selected a set of 26 experimentally determined blood/water partition coefficients and 33 adipose tissue/water partition coefficients, where we demonstrate that based on the root mean squared error rmse the LSER approach performs better than surrogates like octanol or butanol and equally well as 60:40 ethanol/water for blood. For adipose tissue/water partitioning, the experimentally determined octanol/water partition coefficient performs best but the rmse is at the same range as our LSER approach based on experimentally determined descriptors. Further, we applied our approach for 248 extractables where we calculated blood/low density polyethylene (LDPE) and adipose tissue/LDPE partition coefficients. By this approach, we successfully identified chemicals of potential interest to a toxicological evaluation based on the total risk score.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-4973 , 1552-4981
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130917-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 703-708
    In: JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Wiley, Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 703-708
    Abstract: Increased skin toxicity during combination therapy with a BRAF inhibitor and radiation therapy has recently been reported. Material and Methods We present seven melanoma patients with non‐resectable stage III or IV disease and concomitant treatment with a BRAF inhibitor and radiation therapy. Results In all patients, combination therapy yielded a good local response. Only two patients, both on vemurafenib, showed severe radiation dermatitis (CTCAE grade 3/4) after one and two weeks, respectively, resulting in interruption of BRAF inhibitor treatment. The respective cumulative radiation dose was 10 Gy and 35 Gy. The remaining vemurafenib patients displayed only mild radiation dermatitis CTCAE grade 2; the only dabrafenib patient CTCAE grade 1. In one patient, recall dermatitis was diagnosed 14 days after completion of radiation therapy with a cumulative dose of 30 Gy. Conclusions Severe skin toxicity caused by BRAF inhibitor‐induced radiosensitization is not common and usually amenable to treatment. Thus, combination treatment should remain a therapeutic option, especially in melanoma patients characterized by aggressive tumor growth. Although there is an increased risk of skin toxicity during combination therapy, it is usually well tolerated by most patients. Sequential – instead of simultaneous – treatment does not seem to prevent such toxicity reactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1610-0379 , 1610-0387
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2099463-1
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  • 8
    In: Chemistry – A European Journal, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 2022-02-24)
    Abstract: The nitridoberylloaluminate Ba 2 [BeAl 3 N 5 ]:Eu 2+ and solid solutions Sr 2− x Ba x [BeAl 3 N 5 ]:Eu 2+ ( x =0.5, 1.0, 1.5) were synthesized in a hot isostatic press (HIP) under 50 MPa N 2 atmosphere at 1200 °C. Ba 2 [BeAl 3 N 5 ]:Eu 2+ crystallizes in triclinic space group (no. 2) ( Z =2, a =6.1869(10), b =7.1736(13), c =8.0391(14) Å, α =102.754(8), β =112.032(6), γ =104.765(7)°), which was determined from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The lattice parameters of the solid solution series have been obtained from Rietveld refinements and show a nearly linear dependence on the atomic ratio Sr : Ba. The electronic properties and the band gaps of M 2 [BeAl 3 N 5 ] ( M =Sr, Ba) have been investigated by a combination of soft X‐ray spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Upon irradiation with blue light (440–450 nm), the nitridoberylloaluminates exhibit intense orange to red luminescence, which can be tuned between 610 and 656 nm (fwhm=1922–2025 cm −1 (72–87 nm)). In contrast to the usual trend, the substitution of the smaller Sr 2+ by larger Ba 2+ leads to an inverse‐tunable luminescence to higher wavelengths. Low‐temperature luminescence measurements have been performed to exclude anomalous emission.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0947-6539 , 1521-3765
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478547-X
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  • 9
    In: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 2022, No. 15 ( 2022-05-25)
    Abstract: In this work, 2‐hydrazonyl‐propandihydrazide ( 2 ), a new precursor for energetic materials based on diethyl 2,2‐diazidomalonate ( 1 ) was investigated. Therefore, its versatility was shown by various secondary reactions, including formation of energetic salts ( 3 – 5 ), the synthesis of a nitrogen‐rich bistriazole ( 10 ) and a highly instable diazido derivative ( 6 ). In addition, a Curtius degradation could be observed in detail. When possible, the compounds were analyzed by low temperature X‐ray diffraction. All measurable compounds were analyzed by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and regarding their sensitivity towards impact and friction according to BAM standard techniques. All promising compounds were evaluated regarding their energetic behavior using the EXPLO5 code (V6.05) and compared to RDX and CL‐20. In addition, compound 2 was investigated towards its aquatic toxicity, using the bioluminescent bacteria vibrio fischeri .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1434-1948 , 1099-0682
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475009-0
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  • 10
    In: Journal of Biophotonics, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2018-01)
    Abstract: We have reported two methods to analyze glucose in the interstitial fluid of skin based on mid‐infrared excitation with a tunable quantum cascade laser and photoacoustic or photothermal detection. These methods were evaluated for optimum skin locations to obtain reproducible glucose information. The lower part of the arm, the hypothenar, the tips of the index finger and the thumb were tested. The thumb appears to be the optimal skin location, followed by the index finger. Basic requirements for an optimum site are good capillary blood perfusion, low Stratum corneum thickness and the absence of fat layers. To obtain a correlation on such a site, spectra were recorded on volunteers continuously after blood glucose manipulation. However, continuous measurements on an in vivo sample such as the skin have to cope with physiological alterations such as the formation of sweat. We have used both detection schemes to investigate the acid mantle reformation after washing during time scales similar to continuous measurements for calibration spectra. We found that reconstitution of the acid mantle of skin may be seen in less than one hour. Precleaning of the measurement site may thus be useful for intermittent, but not for long term continuous measurements. magnified image
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1864-063X , 1864-0648
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403788-6
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