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  • 1
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    Serum copeptin level is a biomarker associated with ascites retention and the formation of a portosystemic shunt in chronic liver disease
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 1006-1014
    Details
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 1006-1014
    Abstract: Copeptin is a stable cleavage product of the arginine vasopressin precursor and is equimolarly secreted with arginine vasopressin. We aimed to assess whether copeptin is the surrogate marker for complications related chronic liver disease (CLD) such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), portosystemic shunts (PSSs), and all causes of mortality in CLD. Methods Serum copeptin was measured in 170 CLD patients upon hospital admission. The association of copeptin levels with liver enzymes, liver functional reserve, and clinical parameters was investigated. Cox proportional hazard regression, logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to evaluate the associations of copeptin and ascites, HE and PSS formation, and prognostic factors with short‐term (1 year) and long‐term (4 years) mortality. Results Serum copeptin levels were significantly correlated with liver and renal function, elevated in parallel with liver disease progression, and also associated with HE. Serum copeptin, albumin–bilirubin score and hepatocellular carcinoma were independent predictors of PSS formation and decreased rate of survival. Serum copeptin and albumin–bilirubin scores were independent predictors of ascites retention. The short‐term and long‐term cumulative mortality rate was significantly decreased in patients with serum copeptin 〉 5.5 or 〉 4.8 pmol/mL compared with patients in whom serum copeptin levels were 〈 5.5 or 〈 4.8 pmol/mL ( P   〈  0.0001; P   〈  0.0001). Conclusions Serum copeptin level is a predictor for ascites retention and HE and PSS formation associated with portal hypertension. Moreover, serum copeptin level may be useful in predicting the rate of survival in patients with CLD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0815-9319 , 1440-1746
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.v36.4
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15215
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006782-3
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  • 2
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    Accuracy of carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin as a biomarker of chronic alcohol abuse during treatment for alcoholism
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Hepatology Research Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 120-127
    Details
    In: Hepatology Research, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 120-127
    Abstract: Clinical evaluations are generally used to verify the effectiveness of detoxification treatments for alcohol dependence, but new objective biomarkers are essential for accurate diagnosis. We aim to assess the accuracy of carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (%CDT) in a cohort of Japanese patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital specializing in alcohol dependence. In addition, we investigated the kinetics of %CDT during alcohol moderation or cessation. Methods The study cohort consisted of 126 alcohol‐dependent patients. The levels of serum %CDT were assessed by the N Latex CDT direct immunonephelometric assay. Results Alcohol consumption was significantly correlated with %CDT. The only independent predictive factor of alcohol consumption was %CDT, with glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and albumin–bilirubin score proving insufficient. The cut‐off value of %CDT was 1.9% with high sensitivity and specificity in detecting alcohol abstinence beyond 30 days (68.6% sensitivity, 91.8% specificity) and excessive alcohol drinking (77.9% sensitivity, 77.1% specificity). The %CDT levels were significantly decreased at 30 days of abstinence when compared with baseline. Notably, %CDT values were significantly changed even in the light alcohol drinking cohort ( p  = 0.0009), whereas GGT levels were not significantly changed. Conclusions Our results indicate that %CDT is an accurate and specific biomarker of alcohol consumption and is useful in detecting alcohol abstinence even in a low alcohol intake patient cohort. These results suggest that %CDT could be a useful objective biomarker of chronic alcohol abuse during clinical treatment for alcoholism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1386-6346 , 1872-034X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/hepr.v52.1
    DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13642
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006439-1
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  • 3
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    Impact of resistance‐associated variant dominancy on treatment in patients with HCV genotype 1b receiving daclatasvir/asunaprevir
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Medical Virology Vol. 89, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 99-105
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Virology, Wiley, Vol. 89, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 99-105
    Abstract: Sustained virological responses (SVR) by daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) therapy for genotype 1b hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients has been significantly affected by pre‐existence of Y93 H resistance‐associated variants (RAVs) in the non‐structural protein 5A (NS5A) region. The aim of this study was to elucidate the dominancy of naturally occurring RAVs in viral quasispecies on treatment outcomes in patients with HCV. In total, 138 patients were prospectively selected from 152 patients treated with DCV and ASV, where evaluation of treatment outcomes at 12 weeks post‐treatment was possible. Pre‐treatment RAVs in the non‐structural protein 3 and NS5A regions were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐Invader assays, and the ratio of Y93H RAVs in viral quasispecies was measured by quantitative PCR‐Invader assay. Among 25 patients detected the Y93H RAV, the Y93H ratio was 1–25% in 5 patients, 26–75% in 7 patients, and ≥76% in 13 patients. Overall, SVR at 12 weeks after the completion of treatment (SVR12) was 91% (125/138), and those with Y93H ratios of 〈 1%, 1–25%, 26–75%, and ≥76% were 99%, 100%, 71%, and 23%, respectively. Thus, the SVR12 decreased as the HCV Y93H ratio increased ( P  〈  0.0001). The dominancy of pre‐treatment RAVs of DCV and ASV affected its treatment outcomes, suggesting that evaluating the dominancy of HCV RAVs could be required for every other direct‐acting antiviral agent treatments. J. Med. Virol. 89:99–105, 2017 . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-6615 , 1096-9071
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.v89.1
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24608
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 752392-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475090-9
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  • 4
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    Measurement of blood flow and xenon solubility coefficient in the human liver by xenon‐enhanced computed tomography
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Medical Physics Vol. 39, No. 12 ( 2012-12), p. 7553-7559
    Details
    In: Medical Physics, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 12 ( 2012-12), p. 7553-7559
    Abstract: The goal of this work was to develop a method of calculating blood flow and xenon solubility coefficient ( λ ) in the hepatic tissue by xenon‐enhanced computed tomography (Xe‐CT) and to demonstrate λ can be used as a measure of fat content in the human liver. Methods: A new blood supply model is introduced which incorporates both arterial blood and portal venous blood which join and together flow into hepatic tissue. We applied Fickˈs law to the model. It was theoretically derived that the time course of xenon concentration in the inflow blood (the mixture of the arterial blood and the portal venous blood) can be approximated by a monoexponential function. This approximation made it possible to obtain the time‐course change rate ( K I ) of xenon concentration in the inflow blood using the time course of xenon concentration in the hepatic tissue by applying the algorithm we had reported previously. K I was used to calculate blood flow and λ for each pixel in the CT image of the liver. Twenty‐six patients (49.2 ± 18.3 years) with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis underwent Xe‐CT abdominal studies and liver biopsies. Steatosis of the liver was evaluated using the biopsy specimen and its severity was divided into ten grades according to the fat deposition percentage [(severity 1) ⩽ 10%, 10 % 〈 (severity 2) ⩽ 20%, …, 90% 〈 (severity 10) ⩽ 100%]. For each patient, blood flow and λ maps of the liver were created, and the average λ value ( ) was compared with steatosis severity and with the CT value ratio of the liver to the spleen (liver/spleen ratio). Results: There were good correlations between and steatosis severity (r = 0.914, P 〈 0.0001), and between and liver/spleen ratio (r = −0.881, P 〈 0.0001). Ostwald solubility for xenon in the hepatic tissue (tissue Xe solubility), which is calculated using and the hematocrit value of the patient, also showed a good correlation with steatosis severity (r = 0.910, P 〈 0.0001). ranged from 0.86 to 7.81, and tissue Xe solubility ranged from 0.12 to 1.16. This range of solubility is reasonable considering the reported Ostwald solubility coefficients for xenon in the normal liver and in the fat tissue are 0.10 and 1.3, respectively, at 37 °C. The average blood flow value ranged from 15.3 to 53.5 ml/100 ml tissue/min. Conclusions: A method of calculating blood flow and λ in the hepatic tissue was developed by means of Xe‐CT. This method would be valid even if portosystemic shunts exist; it is shown that λ maps can be used to deduce fat content in the liver. As a noninvasive modality, Xe‐CT would be applicable to the quantitative study of fatty change in the human liver.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-2405 , 2473-4209
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1118/1.4767759
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466421-5
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  • 5
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    Daclatasvir and asunaprevir improves health‐related quality of life in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  JGH Open Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2018-06), p. 87-92
    Details
    In: JGH Open, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2018-06), p. 87-92
    Abstract: Interferon‐free direct‐acting antiviral agent (DAA) regimens for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients have improved their health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Currently, there are no published data assessing the impact of DAAs regimens without sofosbuvir on HRQOL. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement of HRQOL in Japanese HCV patients treated with a protease inhibitor and a nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor. Methods and Results A total of 123 Japanese genotype 1b HCV patients receiving daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) for 24 weeks were enrolled. HRQOL was assessed using the Japanese version of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) at baseline; weeks 4, 12, and 24; and post‐24 weeks. Changes in CLDQ scores were calculated by subtracting the CLDQ score at each time point from the baseline value. Improvement in the mean change of the Japanese version of the CLDQ score became statistically significant as early as week 4 after the initiation of treatment (+9.3%; P   〈  0.0001) and was sustained during and after DCV/ASV treatment. The changes of CLDQ at posttreatment week 24 in patients with sustained virological responses (SVR) were significantly higher than those in patients without SVR (0.4% and −4.1%, respectively; P   〈  0.05). Conclusions This study of DCV/ASV treatment for Japanese HCV patients in a clinical setting demonstrated that HRQOL can improve as early as at the initiation of treatment and can continue during and after treatment, regardless of the classes of DAAs regimens and race. Moreover, SVR are needed to continue HRQOL improvement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-9070 , 2397-9070
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.v2.3
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12052
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919809-4
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  • 6
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    Hypozincemia is associated with human hepatocarcinogenesis in hepatitis C virus‐related liver cirrhosis
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Hepatology Research Vol. 49, No. 10 ( 2019-10), p. 1127-1135
    Details
    In: Hepatology Research, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 10 ( 2019-10), p. 1127-1135
    Abstract: Hypozincemia is associated with the progression of chronic liver diseases, but it is unknown whether hypozincemia promotes human hepatocarcinogenesis. Our aim is to evaluate the serum zinc levels in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients and clarify the relationship between the serum zinc levels and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Cirrhotic patients without HCC ( n  = 299) were enrolled from 14 medical institutes in Japan as a multicenter prospective study (No. 2028). Of the 299 patients, 157 were included in the present study based on reliable and consistent serum zinc levels and no history of oral zinc supplementation. Clinical parameters associated with the development of HCC were determined. Furthermore, the cumulative incidence of HCC was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier methods and was calculated using the log–rank test. A Cox regression analysis was utilized for the multivariate analysis to evaluate the predictors of hepatocarcinogenesis. Results Thirty of 157 patients (19.1%) developed HCC during an observation period of 3 years. Serum zinc levels were significantly decreased in hepatitis C virus‐related LC (C‐LC) patients with HCC (0.0180). The risk factors for incidence of HCC were hypozincemia (0.0014), high α‐fetoprotein (0.0080), low branched chain amino acids‐to‐tyrosine ratio (0.0128), or female sex (0.0228). Hypozincemia (hazard ratio 1.61, 0.0324) was the only significant predictor of hepatocarcinogenesis by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusions Hypozincemia is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis in C‐LC patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1386-6346 , 1872-034X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/hepr.v49.10
    DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13388
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006439-1
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  • 7
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    Prediction of esophagogastric varices associated with oxaliplatin administration
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  JGH Open Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1289-1297
    Details
    In: JGH Open, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1289-1297
    Abstract: Oxaliplatin is a key drug for the chemotherapy of colorectal cancer; however, it is also known to cause non‐cirrhotic portal hypertension. We aimed to identify the characteristics of patients who developed esophagogastric varices (EGVs) after treatment with oxaliplatin. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed patients with colorectal cancer who were treated with chemotherapy including oxaliplatin between 2010 and 2016. All patients were evaluated by contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CE‐CT) every 3 months both during and after treatment; and endoscopy was performed when appearance of portal hypertension was suspected. Results A total of 106 patients were divided into two groups: EGV formation ( n  = 6) and EGV non‐formation ( n  = 100). In the EGV group, platelet counts decreased and the size of the spleen calculated by CT (CT spleen index; CT‐SI) increased markedly. The highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the change in platelet counts was 0.81 (80% sensitivity and 83% specificity) at 3 months post treatment, and the maximum AUC for CT‐SI was 0.89 (79% sensitivity and 83% specificity) at 6 months post treatment. Conclusions EGV formation could be predicted by the assessment of platelet counts and spleen size. If progressive splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia are observed not only during but also after completion of the oxaliplatin‐containing chemotherapy, EGVs should be confirmed by endoscopy for avoiding subsequent rupture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-9070 , 2397-9070
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.v5.11
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12668
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919809-4
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  • 8
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    Update on blood‐based biomarkers for chronic liver diseases prognosis: Literature review and institutional experience
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  JGH Open Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1250-1256
    Details
    In: JGH Open, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1250-1256
    Abstract: Liver cirrhosis is the final stage of chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Various complications such as portal hypertension, ascites retention, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome deeply affect patient outcome. The most common tools to predict the outcome of a CLD patient include the following: assessing severity of portal hypertension; scoring systems such as the model of end‐stage liver disease and Child–Pugh score and blood biomarkers related to complications and/or survival rate. In this article, we summarize recent studies of noninvasive markers for predicting impending complications related to CLD and discuss the clinical value of currently available blood biomarkers based on evidence from the literature. In addition, noninvasive blood biomarker assays for different prognostic functions were validated on 113 liver cirrhosis patients at our institution using Kaplan–Meier curve analysis to confirm that these markers can satisfactorily predict CLD‐related patient death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-9070 , 2397-9070
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.v5.11
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12667
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919809-4
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  • 9
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    Rifaximin ameliorates intestinal inflammation in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  JGH Open Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 827-830
    Details
    In: JGH Open, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 827-830
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-9070 , 2397-9070
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.v5.7
    DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12596
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919809-4
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