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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Habitat explains patterns of population decline for an invasive crayfish
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Ecology Vol. 100, No. 5 ( 2019-05)
    Details
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 100, No. 5 ( 2019-05)
    Abstract: Invasive nonindigenous species are defined by their impacts: they substantially change native communities or ecosystems. Accordingly, invasive species might transform their habitats in ways that eventually become unfavorable to them, causing population declines or even extirpations. Here we use over 40 yr of systematically collected data on the abundance of the invasive rusty crayfish Faxonius rusticus from 17 lakes in northern Wisconsin, USA to explore whether population declines of this invader are related to the prevalence of rocky habitat, which shelters crayfish from predators and is unchanged by crayfish. We predicted that lakes with rock‐dominated substrates would be resistant to F. rusticus population declines, whereas lakes lacking rock‐dominated substrates would experience F. rusticus declines due to crayfish destruction of shelter‐providing macrophytes. We found that in nearly one‐half (47%) of the study lakes, F. rusticus experienced population declines over the study time period, and these lakes had significantly lower proportions of rock substrate than lakes that did not experience population declines. We recommend that more studies should investigate the potential for invasive species‐mediated community or ecosystem feedbacks to eventually contribute to their own population declines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2019.100.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2659
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1797-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Virtual Growing Pains: Initial Lessons Learned from Organizing Virtual Workshops, Summits, Conferences, and Networking Events during a Global Pandemic
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2021-02), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2021-02), p. 1-11
    Abstract: For many, 2020 was a year of abrupt professional and personal change. For the aquatic sciences community, many were adapting to virtual formats for conducting and sharing science, while simultaneously learning to live in a socially distanced world. Understandably, the aquatic sciences community postponed or canceled most in‐person scientific meetings. Still, many scientific communities either transitioned annual meetings to a virtual format or inaugurated new virtual meetings. Fortunately, increased use of video conferencing platforms, networking and communication applications, and a general comfort with conducting science virtually helped bring the in‐person meeting experience to scientists worldwide. Yet, the transition to conducting science virtually revealed new barriers to participation whereas others were lowered. The combined lessons learned from organizing a meeting constitute a necessary knowledge base that will prove useful, as virtual conferences are likely to continue in some form. To concentrate and synthesize these experiences, we showcase how six scientific societies and communities planned, organized, and conducted virtual meetings in 2020. With this consolidated information in hand, we look forward to a future, where scientific meetings embrace a virtual component, so to as help make science more inclusive and global.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1539-607X , 1539-6088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lob.v30.1
    DOI: 10.1002/lob.10431
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2241831-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The NEON Ecological Forecasting Challenge
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2023-04), p. 112-113
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2023-04), p. 112-113
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-9295 , 1540-9309
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/fee.v21.3
    DOI: 10.1002/fee.2616
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2161292-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Functional traits and foraging behaviour: Avian vampire fly larvae change the beak and fitness of their Darwin's finch hosts
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Functional Ecology Vol. 36, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 1806-1817
    Details
    In: Functional Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 1806-1817
    Abstract: El pico de las aves es un rasgo morfológico clave utilizado para buscar alimento. Si los parásitos alteran la forma del pico, se esperan cambios en el comportamiento de forrajeo del hospedero. Las larvas de la mosca vampiro aviar ( Philornis downsi ) provocan el agrandamiento de las narinas en los pichones de los pinzones de Darwin cuando las larvas de primer y segundo estadio consumen queratina, sangre y tejido del interior del pico en desarrollo del huésped. Esta malformación de las narinas persiste hasta la edad adulta, donde aquellas que son 〉 15% de la longitud total del pico se consideran agrandadas. Medimos los efectos del agrandamiento de las narinas, inducido por el parásito en el comportamiento de búsqueda de alimento, el solapamiento del nicho de búsqueda de alimento y la condición corporal en los pinzones de Darwin en la isla Floreana. El comportamiento de forrajeo se clasificó según el estrés que cada técnica de forrajeo ejercía sobre el pico y osciló entre el menor estrés para "remover de la superficie" y el mayor estrés para aquellos que "astillan la corteza". El 34% de las aves adultas presentaban un agrandamiento de las narinas. La técnica de forrajeo más común difiere entre las especies:  Camarhynchus pauper  quien a menudo astillaba la corteza para extraer presas subsuperficiales, por su parte  C. parvulus  a menudo recogía presas superficiales del follaje, los híbridos recogían presas de la corteza y del follaje, mientras que  Geospiza fuliginosa forrajeaba principalmente en el suelo. En  C. pauper , los individuos con narinas agrandadas espigaban más y excavaban menos en la superficie. El nicho de forrajeo entre las especies fue más similar entre las aves con narinas agrandadas. Por último, la condición corporal fue menor en los pinzones de árbol insectívoros con picos deformados. Un aspecto novedoso de este estudio es la percepción de que las alteraciones del fenotipo, inducidas por el parásito, afectan a los procesos ecológicos y a las interacciones interespecíficas a grandes escalas temporales y espaciales. El parasitismo se produce en el primer estadío de vida, pero los efectos ecológicos de este parasitismo, si son presentes, se ven reflejados más tarde.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-8463 , 1365-2435
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/fec.v36.7
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14061
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020307-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 619313-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Assessing opportunities and inequities in undergraduate ecological forecasting education
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-05)
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-05)
    Abstract: Conducting ecological research in a way that addresses complex, real‐world problems requires a diverse, interdisciplinary and quantitatively trained ecology and environmental science workforce. This begins with equitably training students in ecology, interdisciplinary science, and quantitative skills at the undergraduate level. Understanding the current undergraduate curriculum landscape in ecology and environmental sciences allows for targeted interventions to improve equitable educational opportunities. Ecological forecasting is a sub‐discipline of ecology with roots in interdisciplinary and quantitative science. We use ecological forecasting to show how ecology and environmental science undergraduate curriculum could be evaluated and ultimately restructured to address the needs of the 21 st century workforce. To characterize the current state of ecological forecasting education, we compiled existing resources for teaching and learning ecological forecasting at three curriculum levels: online resources; US university courses on ecological forecasting; and US university courses on topics related to ecological forecasting. We found persistent patterns (1) in what topics are taught to US undergraduate students at each of the curriculum levels; and (2) in the accessibility of resources, in terms of course availability at higher education institutions in the United States. We developed and implemented programs to increase the accessibility and comprehensiveness of ecological forecasting undergraduate education, including initiatives to engage specifically with Native American undergraduates and online resources for learning quantitative concepts at the undergraduate level. Such steps enhance the capacity of ecological forecasting to be more inclusive to undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds and expose more students to quantitative training.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.v13.5
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Invasive Species Policy at the Regional Level: A Multiple Weak Links Problem
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Fisheries Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2009-08), p. 373-380
    Details
    In: Fisheries, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2009-08), p. 373-380
    Abstract: Policy is used to prevent the introduction and spread of invasive species. For aquatic invasive species that can easily cross political boundaries, regional policies are needed. A weak link problem occurs when regulations of individual jurisdictions increase the region‐wide risk of species introductions, especially in adjacent jurisdictions. Such cross‐jurisdictional weak links may be compounded by another sort of weak link within jurisdictions: inconsistent regulation among multiple vectors that may introduce the same species. We used crayfish as a model system to study regulations for anglers, bait dealers, the pet trade, and aquaculture across the Great Lakes region. We identified a continuum of regulations ranging from no regulations to those that prohibit all use of crayfish. Furthermore, regulations differed depending on state and vector. Many states had regulations that specifically targeted the invasive rusty crayfish ( Orconectes rusticus ). However, these regulations were enacted reactively only after rusty crayfish had become established in the state. The lack of regulatory consistency among the Great Lakes jurisdictions is creating a multiple weak links problem and making success unlikely in efforts to slow the spread of crayfishes and other invasive species throughout the region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-2415 , 1548-8446
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/1548-8446-34.8.373
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192412-0
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Going Virtual: What we Learned from the Ecological Forecasting Initiative Research Coordination Network Virtual Workshop
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2021-04)
    Details
    In: The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, Wiley, Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2021-04)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9623 , 2327-6096
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bes2.v102.2
    DOI: 10.1002/bes2.1828
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040812-2
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The power of forecasts to advance ecological theory
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 746-756
    Details
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 746-756
    Abstract: Ecological forecasting provides a powerful set of methods for predicting short‐ and long‐term change in living systems. Forecasts are now widely produced, enabling proactive management for many applied ecological problems. However, despite numerous calls for an increased emphasis on prediction in ecology, the potential for forecasting to accelerate ecological theory development remains underrealized. Here, we provide a conceptual framework describing how ecological forecasts can energize and advance ecological theory. We emphasize the many opportunities for future progress in this area through increased forecast development, comparison and synthesis. Our framework describes how a forecasting approach can shed new light on existing ecological theories while also allowing researchers to address novel questions. Through rigorous and repeated testing of hypotheses, forecasting can help to refine theories and understand their generality across systems. Meanwhile, synthesizing across forecasts allows for the development of novel theory about the relative predictability of ecological variables across forecast horizons and scales. We envision a future where forecasting is integrated as part of the toolset used in fundamental ecology. By outlining the relevance of forecasting methods to ecological theory, we aim to decrease barriers to entry and broaden the community of researchers using forecasting for fundamental ecological insight.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mee3.v14.3
    DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13955
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 9
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    Evidence for rapid downward fecundity selection in an ectoparasite ( Philornis downsi ) with earlier host mortality in Darwin’s finches
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Evolutionary Biology Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. 524-533
    Details
    In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. 524-533
    Abstract: Fecundity selection is a critical component of fitness and a major driver of adaptive evolution. Trade‐offs between parasite mortality and host resources are likely to impose a selection pressure on parasite fecundity, but this is little studied in natural systems. The ‘fecundity advantage hypothesis’ predicts female‐biased sexual size dimorphism whereby larger females produce more offspring. Parasitic insects are useful for exploring the interplay between host resource availability and parasite fecundity, because female body size is a reliable proxy for fecundity in insects. Here we explore temporal changes in body size in the myiasis‐causing parasite Philornis downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) on the Galápagos Islands under conditions of earlier in‐nest host mortality. We aim to investigate the effects of decreasing host resources on parasite body size and fecundity. Across a 12‐year period, we observed a mean of c . 17% P. downsi mortality in host nests with 55 ± 6.2% host mortality and a trend of c . 66% higher host mortality throughout the study period. Using specimens from 116 Darwin's finch nests (Passeriformes: Thraupidae) and 114 traps, we found that over time, P. downsi pupae mass decreased by c . 32%, and male ( c . 6%) and female adult size ( c . 11%) decreased. Notably, females had c . 26% smaller abdomens in later years, and female abdomen size was correlated with number of eggs. Our findings imply natural selection for faster P. downsi pupation and consequently smaller body size and lower parasite fecundity in this newly evolving host–parasite system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1010-061X , 1420-9101
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jeb.v33.4
    DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13588
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 92624-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1465318-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    A new virus discovered by immunocapture of double‐stranded RNA , a rapid method for virus enrichment in metagenomic studies
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Molecular Ecology Resources Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2016-09), p. 1255-1263
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley, Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2016-09), p. 1255-1263
    Abstract: Next‐generation sequencing technologies enable the rapid identification of viral infection of diseased organisms. However, despite a consistent decrease in sequencing costs, it is difficult to justify their use in large‐scale surveys without a virus sequence enrichment technique. As the majority of plant viruses have an RNA genome, a common approach is to extract the double‐stranded RNA (ds RNA ) replicative form, to enrich the replicating virus genetic material over the host background. The traditional ds RNA extraction is time‐consuming and labour‐intensive. We present an alternative method to enrich ds RNA from plant extracts using anti‐ds RNA monoclonal antibodies in a pull‐down assay. The extracted ds RNA can be amplified by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction and sequenced by next‐generation sequencing. In our study, we have selected three distinct plant hosts: Māori potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), rengarenga ( Arthropodium cirratum ) and broadleaved dock ( Rumex obtusifolius ) representing a cultivated crop, a New Zealand‐native ornamental plant and a weed, respectively. Of the sequence data obtained, 31–74% of the reads were of viral origin, and we identified five viruses including Potato virus Y and Potato virus S in potato; Turnip mosaic virus in rengarenga (a new host record); and in the dock sample Cherry leaf roll virus and a novel virus belonging to the genus Macluravirus . We believe that this new assay represents a significant opportunity to upscale virus ecology studies from environmental, primary industry and/or medical samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1755-098X , 1755-0998
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/men.2016.16.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12525
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2406833-0
    SSG: 12
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