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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Retracted : Virtual clinic in pregnancy and postpartum healthcare: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Abstract: To monitor the health status of pregnant women moment by moment, new technologies in the field of telemedicine can be used, such as virtual visits and virtual clinics. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, by using these technologies, useful and satisfactory services have been provided to pregnant mothers. The aim of this study is to specify the applications, features, and infrastructure of a comprehensive virtual clinic in the field of gynecological and pregnancy care. Methods A systematic review search was conducted through the scientific databases from February 2013 to February 2022 using Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Furthermore, manual searches in Google Scholar and the reference lists of included studies were carried out. Results In this systematic review we included 16 articles that reported experiences in virtual clinics in pregnancy and postpartum healthcare. The involved studies were experimental, cohort, and cross‐sectional studies. The target group users were pregnant or women who gave birth and families of neonatal. The application of virtual clinics was for the visit, consultation, monitoring, follow‐up, and home care virtually. Highly satisfaction scores of caregivers after virtual visits and consultation were reported. There were some challenges during virtual visits and consultation; the most important challenge was a poor internet connection. Conclusion The reviewed studies show promising outcomes according to patient and provider satisfaction. We predict that telehealth will become a growingly significant part of gynecological care in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v6.1
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.970
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2927182-4
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  • 2
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    Retracted : The relationship between C‐reactive protein and levels of various cytokines in patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and correlation analysis
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 5, No. 6 ( 2022-11)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 6 ( 2022-11)
    Abstract: C‐reactive protein (CRP) and cytokines levels could alter in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) due to the inflammatory response caused by the virus. This analysis aimed to assess the relationship between the CRP levels and the levels of various cytokines in COVID‐19 patients. Materials and Methods We searched the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science for relevant articles on May 29th, 2021. Applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the retrieved records underwent two‐phase screenings; first, a title/abstract screening process, and then, a full‐text screening to find the eligible studies. Data for study variables were extracted, including the CRP levels and the levels of all reported cytokines. A strong and significant relationship between Interleukins and CRP was defined as: p  ≤ 0.05, 0.7 ≤  r  ≤ 1. Results In this study, 103 studies were included for systematic review and correlation analysis. The aggregate mean and SD of study variables were calculated and reported. The correlation between Interleukins and CRP was measured using correlation coefficient ( r ). It appeared that interleukin (IL)‐10 has a moderate and significant relationship with CRP ( p  ≤ 0.05, r  = 0.472). IL‐10 predicted almost 10% of CRP changes. Conclusion This correlation analysis suggests IL‐10 is moderately correlated with CRP levels in patients with COVID‐19 infection. A better understanding of the pro‐inflammatory markers could contribute to the implementation of therapeutic and preventive approaches. More prospective studies are suggested to explore the relationship between CRP and cytokines as potential markers for the early identification of COVID‐19 progression and severity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v5.6
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.868
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Retracted : Gut microbiota and COVID‐19: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2023-02)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2023-02)
    Abstract: Alteration in humans' gut microbiota was reported in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). The gut and upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiota harbor a dynamic and complex population of microorganisms and have strong interaction with host immune system homeostasis. However, our knowledge about microbiota and its association with SARS‐CoV‐2 is still limited. We aimed to systematically review the effects of gut microbiota on the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and its severity and the impact that SARS‐CoV‐2 could have on the gut microbiota. Methods We searched the keywords in the online databases of Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane on December 31, 2021. After duplicate removal, we performed the screening process in two stages; title/abstract and then full‐text screening. The data of the eligible studies were extracted into a pre‐designed word table. This study adhered to the PRISMA checklist and Newcastle−Ottawa Scale Bias Assessment tool. Results Sixty‐three publications were included in this review. Our study shows that among COVID‐19 patients, particularly moderate to severe cases, the gut and lung microbiota was different compared to healthy individuals. In addition, the severity, and viral load of COVID‐19 disease would probably also be influenced by the gut, and lung microbiota's composition. Conclusion Our study concludes that there was a significant difference in the composition of the URT, and gut microbiota in COVID‐19 patients compared to the general healthy individuals, with an increase in opportunistic pathogens. Further, research is needed to investigate the probable bidirectional association of COVID‐19 and human microbiome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v6.2
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1080
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 4
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    Retracted: Prenatal and neonatal complications of COVID ‐19: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Abstract: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) over the past year has affected public health worldwide. During pregnancy, the maternal immune system and inflammatory responses are widely suppressed. Pregnancy‐related immune system suppression could make the mother vulnerable to infectious diseases like SARS‐COV‐2. However, current data suggest little to no possibility of COVID‐19 transmission in pregnant women to the fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. This systematic review focused on the possible complications of COVID‐19 infection in the fetus and newborn babies including the possibility and evidence of vertical transmission by reviewing articles published during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a systematic search using keywords on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. The studies followed a title/abstract and a full‐text screening process, and the eligible articles were included in the study. Results In total, 238 published papers were identified using a systematic search strategy (44 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review). In all studies, a total of 2375 women with signs and symptoms of COVID‐19, who were in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, were assessed mild to moderate pneumonia was one of the most common symptoms. Seventy‐three percent of the women did not present any comorbidity, 19% had a fever, 17% had to cough as the most frequent clinical signs and symptoms, 7.5% had pulmonary changes with chest scans, 8% had increased C reactive protein, and 9.4% had decreased lymphocytes (lymphocytopenia). A total of 2716 newborns and fetal were assessed; the delivery method of 1725 of them was reported, 913 (53%) through C‐section delivery, and 812 through normal vaginal delivery (47%). Of total newborns, 13 died (five died along with the mother), and 1965 were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2:118 tested positive. In a study, vertical transmission in seven cases was reported in total of 145 cases assessed. Conclusion It appeared that most pregnant COVID patients were mildly ill, and there is currently no convincing evidence to support the vertical transmission of COVID‐19 disease. Therefore, neonates do not represent any additional risk for adverse outcomes neither during the prenatal period nor after birth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v5.2
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.510
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2927182-4
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  • 5
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    A systematic review of sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 1168-1182
    Details
    In: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Wiley, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 1168-1182
    Abstract: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) appear to be at an increased risk of sarcopenia, which can have a devastating effect on their life due to consequences such as physical disability, poor quality of life, and finally death. This systematic review examined sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. A systematic search was conducted using the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases from the dates of inception up to May 2022. The retrieved articles underwent a two‐step title/abstract and full‐text review process, and the eligible papers were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis. Data relating to the study population, purpose of study, gender, age, race, body mass index, medical history, paraclinical results and antiretroviral therapy as associated factors of sarcopenia were extracted. In addition, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PLWH and its promoting and reducing factors were also extracted. We reviewed the 14 related studies for identifying of sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. The total number of PLWH in all the reviewed studies was 2592. There was no criterion for the minimum number of people with HIV and the lowest number of PLWH was 27, and the highest number was 860. Some studies reported a significantly higher prevalence of sarcopenia in HIV‐infected individuals compared with HIV‐negative controls as follows: 24.2–6.7%, 15–4% and 10–6%, respectively. We showed that, age (30–50 years), being female, 〉 5 years post‐HIV diagnosis, multiple vertebral fractures, cocaine/heroin use and lower gamma‐glutamyl transferase level were the main promoting factors of sarcopenia. Higher educational level, employment, physical exercise, calf circumference 〉 31 cm, and gait speed 〉 0.8 m/s were also factors to reduce sarcopenia. Sarcopenia prevalence in PLWH is higher than HIV‐negative population. Given the importance and prevalence of sarcopenia among PLWH and its associated consequences (i.e., mortality and disability), determining its risk factors is of great importance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2190-5991 , 2190-6009
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.v14.3
    DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13212
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2586864-0
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  • 6
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    Retracted : Internet of things in the management of chronic diseases during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Abstract: The use of new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in the management of chronic diseases, especially in the COVID pandemics, could be a life‐saving appliance for public health practice. The purpose of the current study is to identify the applications and capability of IoT and digital health in the management of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using selected keywords to retrieve the relevant literature published until December 25th, 2021. The most relevant original English studies were included after initial screening based on the inclusion criteria. Results Overall, 18 studies were included. Most of the studies reported benefits and positive responses in the form of patients' and healthcare providers' satisfaction and trust in the online systems. Many services were provided to the patients, including but not limited to training the patients on their conditions; monitoring vital signs and required actions when vital signs were altered; ensuring treatment adherence; monitoring and consulting the patients regarding diet, physical activity, and lifestyle. Conclusion IoT is a new technology, which can help us improve health care services during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It has a network of various sensors, obtaining data from patients. We have found several applications for this technology. Future studies can be conducted for the capability of other technologies in the management of chronic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v5.2
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.557
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Sexual attitudes and associated factors of risky sexual behaviors among university students
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Brain and Behavior Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08)
    Details
    In: Brain and Behavior, Wiley, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08)
    Abstract: Risky sexual behaviors. Adequate awareness of reproductive health in young people is important because they are in the early years of fertility, and engaging in risky sexual behaviors is more probable. This study aimed to evaluate the sexual attitude and associated factors of risky sexual behaviors among girls and boys and the difference in sexual norms by gender among university students. Methods A university‐based study with a cross‐sectional survey was conducted for 9 months in 2019. A total of 800 university students were studied by a random sampling technique using a self‐administered structured questionnaire derived from the World Health Organization illustrative questionnaire to assess sexual attitudes among adolescents and young adults. Results Most of the respondents were female and single. Girls were more religious, more frequently visited the cinemas and were more likely to discuss sex matters with family members than boys. There was no significant difference in the total score of sexual attitudes in girls and boys, and both genders had negative attitudes toward risky sexual behavior (42/72). Those who go to parties, bars, or movies are more likely to have risky sexual behavior. Being a religious person is an essential predictor of having less risky behavior (RR = 2.02, 95% CI = [0.96, 3.41]). Conclusion Being religious was a protective factor for engaging in risky sexual behavior. More interventions in schools and universities need to educate students to enhance awareness about the consequences of risky sexual behavior and reduce its rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2162-3279 , 2162-3279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/brb3.v12.8
    DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2698
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2623587-0
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  • 8
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    The relationship between COVID‐19 viral load and disease severity: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2022-03)
    Details
    In: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2022-03)
    Abstract: Patients with COVID‐19 may present different viral loads levels. However, the relationship between viral load and disease severity in COVID‐19 is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and COVID‐19 severity. Methods The relevant studies using the keywords of “COVID‐19” and “viral load” were searched in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A two‐step title/abstract screening process was carried out and the eligible studies were included in the study. Results Thirty‐four studies were included from the initial 1015 records. The vast majority of studies have utilized real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction of the nasopharyngeal/respiratory swabs to report viral load. Viral loads were commonly reported either as cycle threshold ( C t ) or log 10 RNA copies/ml. Conclusion The results were inconclusive about the relationship between COVID‐19 severity and viral load, as a similar number of studies either approved or opposed this hypothesis. However, the studies denote the direct relationship between older age and higher SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load, which is a known risk factor for COVID‐19 mortality. The higher viral load in older patients may serve as a mechanism for any possible relationships between COVID‐19 viral load and disease severity. There was a positive correlation between SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and its transmissibility. Nonetheless, further studies are recommended to precisely characterize this matter.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-4527 , 2050-4527
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/iid3.v10.3
    DOI: 10.1002/iid3.580
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2740382-8
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  • 9
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    Retracted : Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2022-09)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2022-09)
    Abstract: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the major health concerns globally. Generally, prisoners are at higher risks for STIs due to risk factors including; drug‐use, high‐risk sexual behaviors, densely populated prisons, and poor living conditions. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the existing data on STI prevalence, and its associated risk factors among prisoners. Methods We conducted a systematic search of the literature using the keywords in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar online databases. We selected all the relevant original studies in English through title/abstract and full‐text screening process.‎ Results Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected and reviewed 32 studies out of 96 identified papers. The most important STI‐associated risk factors among prisoners were drug use, low educational levels, and unsafe sex. The prevalence of STIs was heterogenous in selected studies and was reported as follows; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (0%−14.5%), hepatitis B viruses (HBV) (0.04%−27.23%), hepatitis C viruses (HCV) (0.17%−49.7%), Syphilis (0.2%−22.1%), Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) (1.02%−6.7%), Gonorrhea (0.6%−7.8%), and herpes simplex virus‐2 (HSV‐2) 22.4%. Conclusion This systematic review indicates that the prevalence of STIs (HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Gonorrhea, and HSV‐2) among prisoners appears to be higher than the general population, with drug abuse, low educational levels, and unsafe sex as major risk factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v5.5
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.819
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    Retracted: Mucormycosis infection in patients with COVID ‐19: A systematic review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Health Science Reports Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Details
    In: Health Science Reports, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-03)
    Abstract: Several reports previously described mucormycosis co‐infection in patients with COVID‐19. As mucormycosis and COVID‐19 co‐infection might adversely affect patients' outcomes, we aimed to systematically review the related evidence and the subsequent outcomes. Methods We conducted a systematic review of relevant articles searching the keywords in the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. All the records from the start of the pandemic until June 12th, 2021 underwent title/abstract and then full‐text screening process, and the eligible studies were included. We did not include any language or time restrictions for the included studies. Results We found 31 eligible studies reporting 144 total cases of COVID‐19 and mucormycosis co‐infection. The nose, cranial sinuses, and orbital cavity were the most commonly involved organs, although the cerebrum, lungs, and heart were also involved in the studies. Pre‐existing diabetes mellitus (DM), as well as corticosteroid use, were the most commonly identified risk factors, but other underlying conditions and immunomodulatory drug use were also present in several cases. Aspergillus was the most commonly reported micro‐organism that caused further co‐infections in patients with concurrent COVID‐19 and mucormycosis. As most of the studies were case reports, no reliable estimate of the mortality rate could be made, but overall, 33.6% of the studied cases died. Conclusion Early diagnosis of mucormycosis co‐infection in COVID‐19 patients and selecting the right treatment plan could be a challenge for physicians. Patients with underlying co‐morbidities, immunocompromised patients, and those receiving corticosteroids are at higher risk of developing mucormycosis co‐infection and it is crucial to have an eye examination for early signs and symptoms suggesting a fungal infection in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-8835 , 2398-8835
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.v5.2
    DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.529
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2927182-4
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