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  • 1
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    Peak oxygen uptake correlates with indices of sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia in older Japanese outpatients
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  JCSM Rapid Communications Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2021-07), p. 141-149
    Details
    In: JCSM Rapid Communications, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2021-07), p. 141-149
    Kurzfassung: Peak oxygen uptake (peak VO 2 ) is known not only as an index of aerobic fitness but also one of an index of life expectancy. Frailty, sarcopenia, and cachexia are associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships of peak VO 2 with the features of sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia, to provide insight into which might mediate the poor prognosis. Methods The first group of participants was 175 community‐dwelling older Japanese outpatients (58 men and 117 women; mean age 77.6 ± 6.4 years), in whom we assessed the features of sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia, and measured peak VO 2 during cardiopulmonary exercise. To confirm the relationships, we analysed another group of 162 participants (77.3 ± 5.5 years). Results There were significant correlations between peak VO 2 and the features of sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia, with the exception of high sensitivity C‐reactive protein. Multiple linear regression analysis for the prediction of peak VO 2 (mL/min) identified following formula: predicted peak VO 2  = −11.6 × age (years) + 25.5 × haemoglobin concentration (g/dL) + 114.2 × skeletal muscle mass index (kg/m 2 ) + 8.9 × hand grip strength (kg) + 226.4 × usual walking speed (m/s) − 65.8 × fatiguability (absence 0, presence 1) − 177.4 × chronic heart failure (absence 0, presence 1) + 437.1 ( R 2  = 0.627, P   〈  0.001). The validity of the formula was confirmed with another group ( r  = 0.78, P   〈  0.001). Conclusions This study has identified the features of sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia that are related to peak VO 2 in an older population.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2617-1619 , 2617-1619
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/rco2.v4.2
    DOI: 10.1002/rco2.45
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 3018093-4
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  • 2
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    Peak exercise stroke volume effects on cognitive impairment in community‐dwelling people with preserved ejection fraction
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  ESC Heart Failure Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2018-10), p. 876-883
    Details
    In: ESC Heart Failure, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2018-10), p. 876-883
    Kurzfassung: The association of vascular dysfunction and amyloid beta deposition attracted attentions for its relationship with cognitive decline. Previous studies show the correlation between the declined cardiac function and the cognitive impairment. In the present study, we analysed the association between cognitive functions and cardiac parameters in community‐dwelling people with preserved ejection fraction without heart failure. Methods and results Subjects were 108 Japanese community‐dwelling middle‐aged and older adults with preserved ejection fraction (25 men and 83 women; mean age 74.7 years). Cardiac functional parameters at rest were assessed with B‐type natriuretic peptide and echocardiography. The cardiopulmonary exercise test was used to test these parameters during exercise. Cognitive function was assessed with the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA‐J). Other indices were assessed biochemically, physiologically, and physically. There were significant correlations between MoCA‐J score and age ( r  = −0.388), peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 , r  = 0.201), peak VO 2 /heart rate (HR, r  = 0.243), peak VO 2 /weight ( r  = 0.244), peak metabolic equivalents ( r  = 0.244), usual walking speed ( r  = −0.200), and the Timed Up and Go test ( r  = −0.230). Multiple linear regression analysis showed peak VO 2 /HR was an independent determinant of MoCA‐J score after adjusting for potential confounders ( B  = 0.424). After 6 months of exercise training with 64 subjects, we found that the per cent change of peak VO 2 /HR was related to the per cent change of MoCA‐J score ( r  = 0.296). Conclusions These results suggested that peak VO 2 /HR (an index of stroke volume at peak exercise) might be associated with cognitive impairment based on the vascular cascade hypothesis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2055-5822 , 2055-5822
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.v5.5
    DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12311
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2814355-3
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  • 3
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    Prevalence of overweight and hypertension in Tanzania: Special emphasis on resting energy expenditure and leptin
    Wiley ; 2002
    In:  Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology Vol. 29, No. S4 ( 2002-10)
    Details
    In: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. S4 ( 2002-10)
    Kurzfassung: 1. In the present study we investigated the difference in the distribution of selected cardiovascular disease risk factors among three middle‐aged Tanzanian populations with different lifestyles. 2. The prevalence of hypertension and overweight was higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Plasma leptin concentration was also highest in urban areas. Based on these results, we speculated that overweight in the urban population may be partly due to adiposity. 3. Resting energy expenditure was lower in urban areas than in other areas for both genders. These findings suggest that the high prevalence of overweight in the urban population may be partly due to low physical activity levels.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0305-1870 , 1440-1681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.29.s4.4.x
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    ZDB Id: 2020033-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    Effectiveness of a far‐infrared low‐temperature sauna program on geriatric syndrome and frailty in community‐dwelling older people
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Geriatrics & Gerontology International Vol. 20, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 892-898
    Details
    In: Geriatrics & Gerontology International, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 892-898
    Kurzfassung: Although it is known that geriatric syndrome is associated with the development of frailty, it is not known whether an amelioration of geriatric syndrome also improves shared risk factors and frailty. Methods In total, 67 community‐dwelling older people (79.6 ± 6.5 years, 49 women) participated in this study (41 were classified as pre‐frail and 26 as frail). We analyzed indices of physical frailty and cognitive depression, exercise tolerance and health‐related quality of life as frailty related indices, and the participants completed a questionnaire regarding common geriatric symptoms (cold extremities, leg edema, breathlessness, urinary incontinence, chronic headache, chronic pain, a sense of numbness, anorexia, constipation, insomnia and skin trouble) using numeric ratings. Frailty was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J‐CHS) criteria. The participants then underwent a far‐infrared low‐temperature sauna (FILTS) program twice a week for 3 months and the above parameters were reassessed. Results After the FILTS program, there were significant differences in usual walking speed, peak oxygen uptake, Geriatric Depression Scale‐15, health‐related quality of life and the severity of several geriatric symptoms. Of the 67 participants, 18 showed improvements in their J‐CHS frailty score, 47 showed no change and two showed reductions. Linear regression analysis showed that the change in the numeric rating of the coldness of extremities (B = −0.105, P = 0.013) and the cumulative numeric rating for geriatric syndromes (B = 0.044, P   〈  0.001) were independent determinants of the change in the J‐CHS score. Conclusions A 3‐month FILTS program ameliorates geriatric syndrome, the severity of frailty and frailty related indices in older Japanese people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 892–898 .
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1444-1586 , 1447-0594
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.v20.10
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14003
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2078308-5
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  • 5
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    Relationship between skeletal muscle mass and cardiac function during exercise in community‐dwelling older adults
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  ESC Heart Failure Vol. 4, No. 4 ( 2017-11), p. 409-416
    Details
    In: ESC Heart Failure, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 4 ( 2017-11), p. 409-416
    Kurzfassung: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and cardiac functional parameters in older adults during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Methods and results Sixty‐three Japanese community‐dwelling older adults were enrolled (20 men and 43 women; mean age 80 years, range 65–97 years). Cardiac functional parameters during exercise were assessed using CPET. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by dividing the appendicular lean mass (measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry) by height in metres squared. Subjects were divided into two groups: men with SMI ≥ 7.0 kg/m 2 and women with SMI ≥ 5.4 kg/m 2 (non‐sarcopenic group); or men with SMI  〈  7.0 kg/m 2 and women with SMI  〈  5.4 kg/m 2 (sarcopenic group). There were significant positive correlations between SMI and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) ( r  = 0.631, P   〈  0.001), and between SMI and peak VO 2 /heart rate (HR) ( r  = 0.683, P   〈  0.001). However, only peak VO 2 /HR significantly differed between groups in both sexes. Multiple linear regression analyses with peak VO 2 /HR as a dependent variable showed that SMI was the only independent determinant after adjusting for potential confounders. After 4 month follow‐up of 47 participants, there was still a significant positive correlation between SMI and peak VO 2 /HR ( r  = 0.567, P   〈  0.001), and between percent change of SMI and percent change of peak VO 2 /HR ( r  = 0.305, P   〈  0.05). Conclusions Peak VO 2 /HR, an index of stroke volume at peak exercise, was associated with SMI. This indicates that skeletal muscle mass might affect cardiac function during exercise.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2055-5822 , 2055-5822
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.v4.4
    DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12158
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 2814355-3
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  • 6
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    Muscle wasting diseases has two distinct trajectories on the 3‐dimensional age‐BMI‐peak VO 2 scatterplot
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  JCSM Clinical Reports Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2018-07), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: JCSM Clinical Reports, Wiley, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2018-07), p. 1-12
    Kurzfassung: Frailty and sarcopenia are age‐related morbid states, and a low body mass index (BMI) is a characteristic of frailty and cachexia. However, no common index for assessing these three muscle wasting states is available, making it difficult to understand the relationship among them. Peak oxygen uptake (peak VO 2 ), an index of life expectancy, may be a useful common index. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship among sarcopenia, frailty, and cachexia using age, BMI, and peak VO 2 . Methods and Results Participants were 175 Japanese community dwelling older adults (58 men, 117 women; 77.6 years). We assessed biochemical, physiological, and physical factors, and symptoms associated with frailty, and cachexia. Peak VO 2 was assessed with a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Participants were classified into five groups: robust, pre‐frail, frail, sarcopenia, and cachexia. We compared the groups by age, BMI, and peakVO 2 with average values and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). 17% (n=30) of participants were classified as robust, 40% (n=70) as pre‐frail, 12% (n=21) as sarcopenia, 25% (n=44) as frail, and 6% (n=10) as cachexia. Significant differences were found in age (robust vs. frail, pre‐frail vs. frail), BMI (robust vs. cachexia, pre‐frail vs. cachexia, frail vs. cachexia), and peak VO 2 (robust vs. frail, robust vs. cachexia, pre‐frail vs. cachexia) with average values and 95% CIs. Three dimensions among age, BMI and peak VO 2 revealed two trajectories (from robust to frailty via pre‐frailty, and from robust to cachexia via sarcopenia) among muscle wasting diseases. Conclusions This study revealed two trajectories among muscle wasting diseases.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2521-3555 , 2521-3555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i2.69
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 3009848-8
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  • 7
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    Relationship between hand grip strength and peak VO 2 in community‐dwelling elderly outpatients
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  JCSM Clinical Reports Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: JCSM Clinical Reports, Wiley, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 1-10
    Kurzfassung: Hand grip strength and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) are important components of frailty. However, the relationship between these two variables among community‐dwelling elderly people is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate this relationship. Methods Participants were 190 Japanese community‐dwelling elderly outpatients (61 men and 129 women, mean age 78.0 years). Hand grip strength of participants' was measured using a Smedley‐type hand dynamometer. Peak VO 2 levels were assessed with a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and usual walking speed were assessed physiologically and physically. Sample size was calculated using G*Power 3.1.9.2. Results There were significant correlations between hand grip strength and age (r = −0.22), peak VO 2 (r = 0.40), SMI (r = 0.51), and usual walking speed (r = 0.29). There were significant differences in age, peak VO 2 and SMI after participants were divided into normal and low hand grip strength groups according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia threshold, whether both sexes were combined or considered separately. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that peak VO 2 , SMI and age were independent determinants of hand grip strength after adjusting for potential confounders (Exp(B) = 0.871; 0.475; 1.065). Longitudinal analysis after 6 months of exercise training showed the percentage of change in hand grip strength and peak VO 2 were correlated positively (r = 0.22) for 92 participants. Conclusion Peak VO 2 is independently associated with hand grip strength among community‐dwelling elderly outpatients.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2521-3555 , 2521-3555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i1.48
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 3009848-8
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  • 8
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    Femoral muscle mass relates to physical frailty components in community‐dwelling older people
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Geriatrics & Gerontology International Vol. 17, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 1636-1641
    Details
    In: Geriatrics & Gerontology International, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 1636-1641
    Kurzfassung: To examine the relationship between lower limb muscle (femoral muscle, calf muscle) mass and exercise capacity, and frailty components in community‐dwelling older people. Methods Participants included 121 community‐dwelling individuals. There were 42 men and 79 women, and the mean age was 77.7 years (range 56–97 years). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was determined using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, and the skeletal muscle index was calculated using the following formula: appendicular skeletal muscle / body height 2 . Femoral muscle mass and calf muscle mass were determined, respectively, by dividing the femoral bone and tibial bone at the knee joint space. A symptom‐limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing was carried out and peak oxygen uptake was measured. Functional exercise performance was evaluated using the handgrip strength measurement, comfortable walking speed, and the Timed Up and Go test. All patients gave written, informed consent before data collection. Results Peak oxygen uptake correlated positively with the skeletal muscle index ( r  = 0.491). Only femoral muscle mass that was corrected with the whole body muscle mass was positively correlated with peak oxygen uptake ( r  = 0.473), handgrip strength ( r  = 0.382), comfortable walking speed ( r  = 0.427), and the Timed Up and Go test ( r  = 0.379). Calf muscle mass that was corrected with the whole‐body muscle mass showed no correlation with exercise capacity and frailty components. A similar tendency was observed in both men and women. Conclusions Femoral muscle mass influenced exercise capacity and physical frail components compared with calf muscle mass. These results suggest the importance of the femoral muscle in physical frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1636–1641.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1444-1586 , 1447-0594
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.2017.17.issue-10
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12945
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 2078308-5
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  • 9
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    Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment cut‐off score to clarify improvement of mild cognitive impairment after exercise training in community‐dwelling older adults
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Geriatrics & Gerontology International Vol. 18, No. 6 ( 2018-06), p. 833-838
    Details
    In: Geriatrics & Gerontology International, Wiley, Vol. 18, No. 6 ( 2018-06), p. 833-838
    Kurzfassung: Physical exercise improves cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, information about whether the degree of MCI before exercise training affects improvement in cognitive function is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cut‐off value in a MCI screening tool that predicts reversal to normal cognitive function after exercise training in older adults with MCI. Methods Participants included 112 Japanese community‐dwelling older adult outpatients (37 men, 75 women; mean age 76.3 years). We administered the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA‐J) before and after exercise training. MCI was defined as a MoCA‐J score 〈 26. All participants underwent exercise training 2 days per week for 6 months, according to American Heart Association guidelines. Results The prevalence of MCI was 65.2%. After exercise training, 46.6% of participants with MCI reversed to normal cognitive function. The MoCA‐J cut‐off score to predict cognitive function potentially reversible to normal was 23, with receiver operating characteristic analysis showing an area under the curve of 0.80, sensitivity of 79.4% and specificity of 69.2%. Multiple logistic regression analysis to predict non‐MCI after exercise training showed that MoCA‐J score ≥23 (OR 6.9, P   〈  .001), female sex (OR 3.4, P  = .04) and age (OR 0.9, P  = .04) were independent determinants. Conclusions The MoCA‐J cut‐off score of 23 might be useful to predict cognitive function that is potentially reversible to normal among community‐dwelling Japanese older adults with MCI. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 833–838
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1444-1586 , 1447-0594
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.2018.18.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13253
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2078308-5
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  • 10
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    Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 concentration, but not PADI 4 polymorphisms, is associated with ICU mortality in septic shock patients
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2018-10), p. 4732-4737
    Details
    In: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2018-10), p. 4732-4737
    Kurzfassung: The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between peptidylarginine deiminase 4 ( PAD 4) concentration and its polymorphisms with mortality in patients with septic shock . We prospectively evaluated 175 patients aged over 18 years with septic shock upon intensive care unit ( ICU ) admission. However, 48 patients were excluded. Thus, 127 patients were enrolled in the study. At the time of the patients’ enrollment, demographic information was recorded. Blood samples were taken within the first 24 hours of the patient's admission to determine serum PAD 4 concentrations and its polymorphism PADI 4 _89 [ rs 11203366], PADI 4 _94 [ rs 2240340] and PADI 4 _104 [ rs 1748033]. The mean age was 63.3 ± 15.2 years, 56.7% were male, PAD 4 concentration was 4.62 (2.48‐6.20) ng/mL and the ICU mortality rate was 67.7%. The patients who died in the ICU had higher APACHE II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment ( SOFA ) scores. In addition, PAD 4 concentration was higher in patients who died during ICU stay. However, there were no differences regarding PADI 4 polymorphisms and ICU mortality. In the logistic regression models, PAD 4 concentrations were associated with ICU mortality when adjusted for APACHE II score and lactate ( OR : 1.477; CI 95%: 1.186‐1.839; P   〈  .001), and when adjusted for age, gender and APACHE II score ( OR : 1.392; CI 95%: 1.145‐1.692; P   〈  .001). In conclusion, PAD 4 concentration, but not PADI 4 _89, PADI 4 _94 and PADI 4 _104 polymorphisms, is associated with ICU mortality in septic shock patients.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1582-1838 , 1582-4934
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.2018.22.issue-10
    DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13717
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2076114-4
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