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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Decreased perfusion of the posterior cingulate gyri shown by a cingulate island score is a possible marker of vulnerability to behavioural and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Psychogeriatrics Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2019-03), p. 165-170
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    In: Psychogeriatrics, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2019-03), p. 165-170
    Abstract: The cingulate island score (CIScore), which indicates the Z‐score ratio of the posterior cingulate gyri to the medial occipital area, has been shown to be useful for differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our aim was to investigate associations between the clinical symptoms of AD and the CIScore as an index of the relative decrease in perfusion of the posterior cingulate gyri that occurs in the early stages of AD. Methods Seventeen patients with early‐stage AD and 13 patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment were examined. Z‐score maps of technetium‐99m ethyl cysteinate dimer single‐photon emission computed tomography images acquired from the patients were converted, and the CIScore was determined by using the easy Z‐score imaging system. The relationships between the CIScore and clinical symptom scores were tested. Results A significant correlation was identified between the CIScore and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire score. No significant correlations were identified between the CIScore and other measures of cognitive function. Based on a CIScore of 0.39, we correctly differentiated patients with and without behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), with a sensitivity of 72.2% and specificity of 75.0%. Discussion Using technetium‐99m ethyl cysteinate dimer single‐photon emission computed tomography, we observed that decreased posterior cingulate gyri perfusion, relative to the medial occipital area, in prodromal and early AD was closely associated with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Therefore, our findings suggest that CIScore is not only useful for discriminating dementia with Lewy bodies from AD, but it can also be clinically used as a specific indicator of the vulnerability to behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in the early stages of AD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1346-3500 , 1479-8301
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/psyg.2019.19.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12379
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2110287-9
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  • 2
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    Endolymphatic volume in patients with meniere's disease and healthy controls: Three‐dimensional analysis with magnetic resonance imaging
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology Vol. 4, No. 6 ( 2019-12), p. 653-658
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    In: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 6 ( 2019-12), p. 653-658
    Abstract: Recently, 3‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous gadolinium injection has been used to reveal endolymphatic hydrops (EH). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate EH in patients with Meniere's disease (MD) objectively and quantitatively, and compared the endolymphatic space (ELS) in individuals with MD and healthy controls, to gain understanding of the characteristics of MD. Methods Eighty‐two patients with unilateral MD (uMD), 16 patients with bilateral MD (bMD), and 47 healthy volunteers were enrolled. All participants underwent 3‐T MRI at 4 hours after intravenous gadolinium injection. The volumes of the total fluid space (TFS) and ELS were measured semiautomatically using our workstation, and the percentage of ELS to TFS (ELS percentage) was calculated. Results The ELS percentage was 13.9 in the ears of controls, 18.2 in the contralateral ear of individuals with uMD, 26.1 in the affected ears of these individuals, and 23.0 in both ears of individuals with bMD. The ELS percentages in the affected ear of uMD and the ears of bMD individuals were significantly higher than that in the ears of control individuals ( P   〈  .01, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's test). Conclusion The ELS is significantly larger in the affected ears of uMD and in both ears of bMD individuals. Accurate diagnosis of MD can be facilitated by using 3‐T MRI 4 hours after intravenous gadolinium injection and performing volumetric measurements of the ELS. Level of Evidence 2b
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2378-8038 , 2378-8038
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lio2.v4.6
    DOI: 10.1002/lio2.313
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851702-7
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  • 3
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    Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex atrophy is associated with frontal lobe function in Alzheimer's disease and contributes to caregiver burden
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2018-05), p. 703-709
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    In: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2018-05), p. 703-709
    Abstract: Caregivers of patients with dementia experience physical and mental deterioration. We have previously reported a correlation between caregiver burden and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) total scores of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially regarding the dependency factor from the Zarit Burden Interview. The present study aimed to identify an objective biomarker for predicting caregiver burden. Methods The participants were 26 pairs of caregivers and patients with AD and mild‐to‐moderate dementia. Correlations between regional gray matter volumes in the patients with AD and the FAB total scores were explored by using whole‐brain voxel‐based morphometric analysis. Path analysis was used to estimate the relationships between regional gray matter volumes, FAB total scores, and caregiver burden based on the Zarit Burden Interview. Results The voxel‐based morphometric revealed a significant positive correlation between the FAB total scores and the volume of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This positive correlation persisted after controlling for the effect of general cognitive dysfunction, which was assessed by using the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Path analysis revealed that decreases in FAB scores, caused by reduced frontal lobe volumes, negatively affected caregiver burden. Conclusions The present study revealed that frontal lobe function, based on FAB scores, was affected by the volume of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Decreased scores were associated with greater caregiver burden, especially for the dependency factor. These findings may facilitate the development of an objective biomarker for predicting caregiver burden.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-6230 , 1099-1166
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/gps.v33.5
    DOI: 10.1002/gps.4843
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500455-7
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  • 4
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    Microstructural Anomalies Evaluated by Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging Are Related to Deficits in Facial Emotional Recognition via Perceptual‐Binding Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Autism Research Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 729-740
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    In: Autism Research, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 729-740
    Abstract: The integration of visual features is important for recognizing objects as a coherent whole, a key domain of difficulty in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We tested the hypothesis that ASD patients exhibit difficulties in facial emotional recognition via perceptual binding difficulties due to weak coherence. We assessed 18 ASD and 27 typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. In this task, only a single local piece of facial information was provided at any one time through the slit. Using a voxel‐based analysis of neurite‐orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), we examined the relationship between NODDI index values at each voxel and the behavioral performance of ASD patients in the slit‐viewing paradigm. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit‐viewing. This deficit was associated with deficits in communication ability. Voxel‐based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits in horizontal slit‐viewing and NODDI index values in clusters including the ventral occipital complex region, superior temporal/parietal association areas, and forceps major of the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits for the first time in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients due to microstructural disturbances in the corpus callosum and areas related to viewing of the human face. This may underscore the difficulties faced by ASD patients in understanding the emotions of other people, contributing to impairments in communication ability in ASD patients. Autism Res 2020, 13: 729–740 . © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We assessed ASD and typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit‐viewing. Voxel‐based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits and NODDI index values in clusters including the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients potentially resulting from microstructural disturbances.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1939-3792 , 1939-3806
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aur.v13.5
    DOI: 10.1002/aur.2280
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2418112-2
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  • 5
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    Association of adverse childhood experiences and precuneus volume with intrusive reexperiencing in autism spectrum disorder
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Autism Research Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 1886-1895
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    In: Autism Research, Wiley, Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 1886-1895
    Abstract: Compared to typically developing (TD) children, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Exposure to ACEs is associated with adult ASD psychological comorbidities, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Occurrence of intrusive event reexperiencing, characteristic of PTSD, often causes social dysfunction in adults with ASD, but its pathological basis is unclear. This study examined brain regions related to the severity of intrusive reexperiencing and explored whether ACE severity was associated with that of intrusive reexperiencing and/or extracted regional gray matter volume. Forty‐six individuals with ASD and 41 TD subjects underwent T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging and evaluation of ACEs and intrusive reexperiencing. Brain regions related to the severity of intrusive reexperiencing in both groups were identified by voxel‐based whole brain analyses. Associations among the severity of intrusive reexperiencing, that of ACEs, and gray matter volume were examined in both groups. The severities of intrusive reexperiencing and ACEs were significantly associated with reduced gray matter volume in the right precuneus in individuals with ASD but not in TD subjects. Although the right precuneus gray matter volume was smaller in individuals with ASD and severe ACEs than in those with mild ACEs or TD subjects, it was similar in the latter two groups. However, ACE‐dependent gray matter volume reduction in the right precuneus led to intrusive reexperiencing in individuals with ASD. This suggests that exposure to ACEs is associated with right precuneus gray matter reduction, which is critical for intrusive reexperiencing in adults with ASD. Lay Summary Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and of subsequent manifestation of intrusive reexperiencing of stressful life events. The present study found that reduced gray matter volume in the right precuneus of the brain was associated with more severe intrusive reexperiencing of ACEs by individuals with ASD. These results suggest that ACEs affect neural development in the precuneus, which is the pathological basis of intrusive event reexperiencing in ASD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1939-3792 , 1939-3806
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aur.v14.9
    DOI: 10.1002/aur.2558
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2418112-2
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  • 6
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    Uncinate fasciculus disruption relates to poor recognition of negative facial emotions in Alzheimer's disease: a cross‐sectional diffusion tensor imaging study
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Psychogeriatrics Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2020-05), p. 296-303
    Details
    In: Psychogeriatrics, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2020-05), p. 296-303
    Abstract: Recognising facial emotions involves visual and emotional information processing. Patients with dementia, including dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT), are known to poorly recognise facial emotions, especially negative facial emotions. In this study, we aimed to assess if DAT patients exhibit poor facial emotional recognition, and to identify a neural basis for how poor facial emotional recognition might occur. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis were conducted in 20 DAT patients and 15 cognitive normal (CN) subjects. The uncinate fasciculus (UF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus were delineated by deterministic tractography. DTI parameters were calculated for each fibre. Facial emotion recognition was evaluated with the Facial Emotion Selection Test (FEST). The relationships between FEST scores and DTI parameters in each fibre were measured by partial correlation analyses with age, gender, and the Mini‐Mental State Examination as covariates. Group‐wise comparisons between DAT and CN subjects were performed for each DTI parameter in each fibre. Results DAT patients showed lower FEST negative emotion scores than CN subjects ( P   〈  0.05). The score of negative emotion subscale was negatively correlated (r = −0.770, P   〈  0.001) to mean diffusivity of the left UF in DAT patients. There were no relationships between negative emotion subscale and the other fibre tracts. DAT patients showed no differences in the DTI parameters for each fibre compared to CN subjects. Conclusions DAT‐related prefrontal‐limbic network dysfunction is associated with poor recognition of unpleasant emotions; consequently, worse facial recognition of negative emotion is observed in DAT patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1346-3500 , 1479-8301
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/psyg.v20.3
    DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12498
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2110287-9
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