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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Perovskite Solar Cells to Probe Film Coverage and Thickness
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Details
    In: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Abstract: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received considerable attention in recent years due to their low processing cost and high‐power conversion efficiency. However, the mechanisms of PSCs are not fully understood. A model based on a probabilistic and statistical approach needs to be developed to simulate, optimize, and predict the photovoltaic (PV) performance of PSC. Herein, the 3D model based on the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) approach is developed to simulate 3D morphology of perovskite‐based solar cells and predict their PV performances and charge dynamics. The developed 3D model incorporates the temporal and physical behavior of perovskites, such as charge generation, transport, and recombination. The KMC simulation results show that pin holes‐free perovskite films with a homogenous 400 nm thick perovskite capping layer achieve the highest power conversion efficiency of 20.85%. However, the shortest apparent charge transport time ( τ t ) and the longest apparent charge carrier recombination lifetime ( τ r ) are found for the champion device. PV performance from the fabricated device is used to validate this simulation model. This model can provide a significant conceptual advance in identifying bottlenecks and guiding novel device designs to further improve the performance of perovskite PVs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2699-9412 , 2699-9412
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aesr.v2.3
    DOI: 10.1002/aesr.202000068
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3010017-3
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Phenylhydrazinium Iodide for Surface Passivation and Defects Suppression in Perovskite Solar Cells
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 30, No. 22 ( 2020-05)
    Details
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 22 ( 2020-05)
    Abstract: In recent years, hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) have received considerable research attention due to their impressive photovoltaic performance and low‐temperature solution processing capability. However, there remain challenges related to defect passivation and enhancing the charge carrier dynamics of the perovskites, to further increase the power conversion efficiency of HPSCs. In this work, the use of a novel material, phenylhydrazinium iodide (PHAI), as an additive in MAPbI 3 perovskite for defect minimization and enhancement of the charge carrier dynamics of inverted HPSCs is reported. Incorporation of the PHAI in perovskite precursor solution facilitates controlled crystallization, higher carrier lifetime, as well as less recombination. In addition, PHAI additive treated HPSCs exhibit lower density of filled trap states (10 10 cm −2 ) in perovskite grain boundaries, higher charge carrier mobility (≈11 × 10 −4 cm 2 V −1 s), and enhanced power conversion efficiency (≈18%) that corresponds to a ≈20% improvement in comparison to the pristine devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.v30.22
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000778
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
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  • 3
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    Synergistic engineering of hole transport materials in perovskite solar cells
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  InfoMat Vol. 2, No. 5 ( 2020-09), p. 928-941
    Details
    In: InfoMat, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 5 ( 2020-09), p. 928-941
    Abstract: In this work, methylammonium lead triiodide (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) perovskite solar cells with efficiencies higher than 18% were achieved using a new nanocomposite hole transport layer (HTL) by doping poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with a mixed dopant of polyaniline (PANI) and graphene oxide (GO). A synergistic engineering between GO, PANI, and PEDOT:PSS was accomplished to introduce additional energy levels between perovskite and PEDOT:PSS and increase the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. Kelvin probe force microscope results confirmed that adding GO to PEDOT:PSS/PANI composite significantly reduced the average surface potential. This increased the open circuit voltage ( V oc ) to 1.05 V for the GO/PEDOT:PSS/PANI nanocomposite perovskite solar cells from the pristine PEDOT:PSS ( V oc = 0.95 V) and PEDOT:PSS/PANI ( V oc = 0.99 V). In addition, adding PANI to the HTLs substantially enhanced short circuit current density ( J sc ). This was supported by the current sensing‐atomic force microscopy (CS‐AFM) and conductivity measurements. The PANI doped films showed superior electrical conductivity compared with those without PANI as indicated by CS‐AFM results. PANI can fill the gaps between the microflakes of GO and give rise to more compact hole transport material (HTM) layer. This led to a higher J sc after doping with PANI, which was consistent with the incident photon‐to‐current efficiency and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results. The results of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and AFM indicated the GO/PANI doped HTMs significantly improved the crystallinity, topography, and crystal size of the perovskite film grown on their surface. A higher efficiency of 18.12% for p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells has been obtained by adding the mixed dopant of GO, PANI, and PEDOT:PSS, demonstrating better stability than the pristine PEDOT:PSS cell. image
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2567-3165 , 2567-3165
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/inf2.v2.5
    DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12062
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2902931-4
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  • 4
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    Grain Boundary Defect Passivation in Quadruple Cation Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Solar RRL Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2021-04)
    Details
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2021-04)
    Abstract: Development of high‐performance wide‐bandgap perovskites is a key component to enable tandem solar cells with either a silicon or low‐bandgap perovskites. However, the presence of defects in the Br‐rich wide‐bandgap perovskites, especially in the grain boundaries (GBs) has been particularly challenging and limits its performance. Herein, to accomplish the passivation of these defects, a combination of cation management with rubidium (Rb) introduction into the triple cation combination of cesium/formamidinium/methylammonium (CsFAMA) is exercised. Passivation is further enhanced by secondary growth (SG) using guanidinium iodide. In‐depth assessments of GB defect passivation are performed using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and nanoscale charge‐carrier dynamics mappings provide insightful details on the presence of GBs defects and their suppression by the cation management and SG techniques. Reduction of unreacted PbX 2 to realize a highly crystalline perovskite surface is achieved after incorporating Rb and SG treatment. As a result, a champion cell for 1.78 eV (FA 0.79 MA 0.16 Cs 0.05 ) 0.95 Rb 0.05 Pb(I 0.6 Br 0.4 ) 3 wide‐bandgap perovskite with an efficiency of 17.71% along with enhancement in all photovoltaic parameters is achieved. This study introduces a new way to analyze GB defects and reveals the consequence of defect passivation on charge‐carrier dynamics for realizing efficient perovskites.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.v5.4
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.202000740
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 5
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    Tuning Hole Transport Layer Using Urea for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 29, No. 47 ( 2019-11)
    Details
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 47 ( 2019-11)
    Abstract: Interface engineering is critical to the development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Here, urea treatment of hole transport layer (e.g., poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)) is reported to effectively tune its morphology, conductivity, and work function for improving the efficiency and stability of inverted MAPbI 3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This treatment has significantly increased MAPbI 3 photovoltaic performance to 18.8% for the urea treated PEDOT:PSS PSCs from 14.4% for pristine PEDOT:PSS devices. The use of urea controls phase separation between PEDOT and PSS segments, leading to the formation of a unique fiber‐shaped PEDOT:PSS film morphology with well‐organized charge transport pathways for improved conductivity from 0.2 S cm −1 for pristine PEDOT:PSS to 12.75 S cm −1 for 5 wt% urea treated PEDOT:PSS. The urea‐treatment also addresses a general challenge associated with the acidic nature of PEDOT:PSS, leading to a much improved ambient stability of PSCs. In addition, the device hysteresis is significantly minimized by optimizing the urea content in the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.v29.47
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201806740
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
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  • 6
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    Rear‐Illuminated Perovskite Photorechargeable Lithium Battery
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 30, No. 30 ( 2020-07)
    Details
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 30 ( 2020-07)
    Abstract: Photovoltaic power‐conversion systems can harvest energy from sunlight almost perpetually whenever sunrays are accessible. Meanwhile, as indispensable energy storage units used in advanced technologies such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable/smart grids, batteries are energy‐limited closed systems and require constant recharging. Fusing these two essential technologies into a single device would create a sustainable power source. Here, it is demonstrated that such an integrated device can be realized by fusing a rear‐illuminated single‐junction perovskite solar cell with Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ‐LiCoO 2 Li‐ion batteries, whose photocharging is enabled by an electronic converter via voltage matching. This design facilitates a straightforward monolithic stacking of the battery on the solar cell using a common metal substrate, which provides a robust mechanical isolation between the two systems while simultaneously providing an efficient electrical interconnection. This system delivers a high overall photoelectric conversion‐storage efficiency of 7.3%, outperforming previous efforts on stackable integrated architectures with organic–inorganic photovoltaics. Furthermore, converter electronics facilitates system control with battery management and maximum power point tracking, which are inevitable for efficient, safe, and reliable operation of practical loads. This work presents a significant advancement toward integrated photorechargeable energy storage systems as next‐generation power sources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.v30.30
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202001865
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
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  • 7
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    Ultrathin Bilayer of Graphite/SiO 2 as Solid Interface for Reviving Li Metal Anode
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Advanced Energy Materials Vol. 9, No. 36 ( 2019-09)
    Details
    In: Advanced Energy Materials, Wiley, Vol. 9, No. 36 ( 2019-09)
    Abstract: Lithium metal anodes are expected to drive practical applications that require high energy‐density storage. However, the direct use of metallic lithium causes safety concerns, low rate capabilities, and poor cycling performance due to unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and undesired lithium dendrite growth. To address these issues, a radio frequency sputtered graphite‐SiO 2 ultrathin bilayer on a Li metal chips is demonstrated, for the first time, as an effective SEI layer. This leads to a dendrite free uniform Li deposition to achieve a stable voltage profile and outstanding long hours plating/stripping compared to the bare Li. Compared to a bare Li anode, the graphite‐SiO 2 bilayer modified Li anode coupled with lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode (NMC111) and lithium titanate shows improved capacity retention, higher capacity at higher rates, longer cycling stability, and lower voltage hysteresis. Graphite acts as an electrical bridge between the plated Li and Li electrode, which lowers the impedance and buffers the volume expansion during Li plating/stripping. Adding an ultrathin SiO 2 layer facilitates Li‐ion diffusion and lithiation/delithiation, provides higher electrolyte affinity, higher chemical stability, and higher Young's modulus to suppress the Li dendrite growth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1614-6832 , 1614-6840
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aenm.v9.36
    DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201901486
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2594556-7
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Interface Engineering of Pb–Sn Low‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells for Improved Efficiency and Stability
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Solar RRL Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2022-04)
    Details
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2022-04)
    Abstract: Because of their inferior film quality, Pb–Sn‐mixed low‐bandgap (LBG) perovskites suffer from poor charge transportation, compromising photovoltaic parameters of final solar cells. Herein, an approach to improve the quality of the charge interface layer is proposed, in which a thin layer of hydrophobic [bis (4‐phenyl) (2, 4, 6‐trimethylphenyl) amine] (PTAA) is inserted between the hole‐selective layer of hydrophilic poly (3, 4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) ‐polystyrenesulfonicacid (PEDOT:PSS) and LBG perovskite layer. The introduction of a tiny layer of the hydrophobic PTAA acts as a shield layer to protect the underlying acidic PEDOT:PSS layer from moisture‐related degradation and works as an intermediary layer to facilitate the growth of significantly larger perovskite grains; thes e enlarged grains are indicative of enhanced crystallinity and fewer grain boundaries in the perovskite layer. The fewer grain boundaries lead to suppression of interfacial defects and result in enhanced charge collection at the hole transport layer/perovskite interface, thus improving the open‐circuit voltage up to 0.85 V and fill factor up to ≈78%, eventually boosting the power conversion efficiency of the champion cell up to 19.08%. Herein, a simple interface engineering route to fabricate efficient and stable Pb–Sn‐mixed LBG perovskite solar cells is offered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.v6.4
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.202100945
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 9
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    Metallic 1T Phase Tungsten Disulfide Microflowers for Trace Level Detection of Hg 2+ Ions
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Advanced Sustainable Systems Vol. 4, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Details
    In: Advanced Sustainable Systems, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Abstract: Electrochemical sensors for mercury ion detection would ideally demonstrate wide linear detection ranges (LDRs), ultratrace sensitivity, and high selectivity. This work presents an electrochemical sensor based on metallic 1T phase tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) microflowers for the detection of trace levels of Hg 2+ ions with wide LDRs, ultratrace sensitivity, and high selectivity. Under optimized conditions, the sensor shows excellent sensitivities for Hg 2+ with LDRs of 1 n m –1 µ m and 0.1–1 m m . In addition to this, the limit of detection of the sensor toward Hg 2+ is 0.0798 n m or 79.8 p m , which is well below the guideline value recommended by the World Health Organization. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity for Hg 2+ against other heavy metal ions including Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cr 3+ , K + , Na + , Ag + , Sn 2+ , and Cd 2+ . The thus‐obtained excellent sensitivity and selectivity with wide LDRs can be attributed to the high conductivity, large surface area microflower structured 1T‐WS 2 , and the complexation of Hg 2+ ions with S 2− . In addition to good repeatability, reproducibility, and stability, this sensor shows the practical feasibility of Hg 2+ detection in tap water suggesting a promising device for real applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2366-7486 , 2366-7486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adsu.v4.9
    DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202000068
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2880982-8
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  • 10
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    Characterization of fluid flow and heat transfer of a periodic magnetohydrodynamics nano non‐Newtonian liquid with Arrhenius activation energy and nonlinear radiation
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Heat Transfer Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2022-11), p. 6578-6615
    Details
    In: Heat Transfer, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2022-11), p. 6578-6615
    Abstract: The focus of this study is to better understand the boundary layer phenomena of nonlinear radiative nano non‐Newtonian (Casson) fluid flow caused by a stretched periphery with a periodic magnetic field and Arrhenius activation energy. The time‐based controlling equations are translated into a suitable dimensionless form using the explicit finite difference (EFD) approach. However, to make the solution convergent, detailed stability and convergence criteria have been devised. In addition, the oscillatory form of velocity, isothermal, and streamline profiles, as well as the conventional shape of other flow fields are displayed. Using tabular analysis, a correlation between non‐Newtonian and Newtonian fluids has even been demonstrated. When the radiative heat flux is evaluated in a linear pattern rather than a nonlinear one, the Lorentz force has been demonstrated to diminish the flow profiles convincingly. Also, another finding is that when the magnetic factor is considered in the sinusoidal form it is controlling the heat transfer factors of nanofluid substantially. As a chemical reaction requires a high‐temperature mechanism to proceed, the scientific principles of activation energy are evaluated in the inclusion of thermal radiation of nonlinear patterns, and the mass transmission is severely influenced. However, in the presence of nonlinear radiation, the Brownian motion of the Casson fluid particles, as well as the thermophoresis phenomena has effectively elevated the temperature field rather than the linear one. The current study has implications for prostate cancer treatment. Nanoparticles have been used to treat cancer, and magnetic fields have been used to regulate the drug emission of the particles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2688-4534 , 2688-4542
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/htj.v51.7
    DOI: 10.1002/htj.22614
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3021752-0
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