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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2016-05), p. 562-568
    In: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2016-05), p. 562-568
    Abstract: Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) is generated endogenously from l ‐cysteine ( l ‐Cys) by the enzymes cystathionine‐ β ‐synthase ( CBS ) and cystathionine‐ γ ‐lyase ( CSE ). In addition, l ‐Cys is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of the present study is to determine whether l ‐Cys regulates intestinal nutrient transport. To that end, the presence of CBS and CSE in the jejunum epithelium was assessed by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and the methylene blue assay. In addition, in vivo l ‐Cys (100 mg/kg, administered immediately after the glucose load) significantly increased blood glucose levels 30 min after the oral administration of glucose to mice. This effect of l ‐Cys was completely blocked by amino‐oxyacetic acid ( AOA ; 50 mg/kg; administered at the same time as l ‐Cys) an inhibitor of CBS . Measurements of the short‐circuit current ( I sc ) in the rat jejunum epithelium revealed that l ‐Cys (1 mmol/L; 6 min before the administration of l ‐alanine) enhances Na + ‐coupled l ‐alanine or glucose transport, and that this effect is inhibited by AOA (1 mmol/L;10 min before the administration of l ‐Cys), but not d , l ‐propargylglycine ( PAG ;1 mmol/L; 10 min before the administration of l ‐Cys), a CSE inhibitor. Notably, l ‐Cys‐evoked enhancement of nutrient transport was alleviated by glibenclamide (Gli;0.1 mmol/L; 10 min before the administration of l ‐Cys), a K + channel blocker. Together, the data indicate that l ‐Cys enhances jejunal nutrient transport, suggesting a new approach to future treatment of nutrition‐related maladies, including a range of serious health consequences linked to undernutrition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1870 , 1440-1681
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020033-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    In: Analytical Science Advances, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 9-10 ( 2023-10), p. 282-292
    Abstract: IL‐1β is a essential molecule in inflammatory signalling pathways and plays an essential role in inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target IL‐1β has become the focus of developing new anti‐inflammatory drugs. The successful clinical application of therapeutic antibodies is dependent on good quality control, which is based on accurate bioactivity determination. The aim of this work was to develop an elegant and accurate reporter gene assay to determine the bioactivity of anti‐IL‐1β antibody drugs. The D10‐G4‐1 cell line with a naturally high expression of IL‐1 receptor was selected as the effector cell, and the plasmid containing luciferase reporter gene with NF‐κB as a regulatory element was transfected into D10‐G4‐1 cells. After a period of pressure screening, a monoclonal cell line with good reactivity and stable expression of reporter gene was finally screened out. Stimulation of this cell line via IL‐1β addition increased the expression of the luciferase gene by activating the NF‐κB signalling pathway, with the addition of luciferase substrate, which can be quantified by relative luminescence units. When anti‐IL‐1β antibodies are present in the system, the expression of luciferase gene is inhibited, which demonstrates the bioactivity of anti‐IL‐1β antibodies. Detailed methodological optimization and comprehensive methodological validation were followed to establish a reporter gene assay for the bioactivity of anti‐IL‐1β antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2628-5452 , 2628-5452
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2968626-X
    SSG: 540
    SSG: 600
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  • 3
    In: Advanced Science, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 12 ( 2021-06)
    Abstract: The inherently small temperature difference in air environment restricts the applications of thermoelectric generation in the field of Internet of Things and wearable electronics. Here, a leaf‐inspired flexible thermoelectric generator (leaf‐TEG) that makes maximum use of temperature difference by vertically aligning poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate and constantan thin films is demonstrated. Analytical formulae of the performance scales, i.e., temperature difference utilization ratio ( φ th ) and maximum output power ( P max ), are derived to optimize the leaf‐TEG dimensions. In an air duct (substrate: 36 °C, air: 6 °C, air flowing: 1 m s −1 ), the 10‐leaf‐TEG shows a φ th of 73% and P max of 0.38 µW per leaf. A proof‐of‐concept wearable 100‐leaf‐TEG (60 cm 2 ) generates 11 µW on an arm at room temperature. Furthermore, the leaf‐TEG is flexible and durable that is confirmed by bending and brushing over 1000 times. The proposed leaf‐TEG is very appropriate for air convection scenarios with limited temperature differences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2198-3844 , 2198-3844
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2808093-2
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  • 4
    In: physica status solidi (a), Wiley, Vol. 212, No. 10 ( 2015-10), p. 2191-2195
    Abstract: In order to fabricate durable and efficient thermoelectric generators (TEG) for applications like automobile waste heat recovery, where thermal stress is a major concern, one needs to assess the mechanical performance of the TE materials. This work reports the hardness and elastic modulus of the moderate temperature range (200–1000 °C) TE materials, including half‐Heusler, skutterudites, bismuth telluride, silicon germanium alloys, and lead selenide, using nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The p‐type half‐Heusler exhibits considerably higher hardness and modulus values, and lower brittleness as compared with other materials, which may be indicative of its more robust mechanical performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1862-6300 , 1862-6319
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481091-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 208850-2
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  • 5
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 1685-1707
    Abstract: Leaf photosynthesis of crops acclimates to elevated CO 2 and temperature, but studies quantifying responses of leaf photosynthetic parameters to combined CO 2 and temperature increases under field conditions are scarce. We measured leaf photosynthesis of rice cultivars Changyou 5 and Nanjing 9108 grown in two free‐air CO 2 enrichment ( FACE ) systems, respectively, installed in paddy fields. Each FACE system had four combinations of two levels of CO 2 (ambient and enriched) and two levels of canopy temperature (no warming and warmed by 1.0–2.0°C). Parameters of the C 3 photosynthesis model of Farquhar, von Caemmerer and Berry (the Fv CB model), and of a stomatal conductance ( g s ) model were estimated for the four conditions. Most photosynthetic parameters acclimated to elevated CO 2 , elevated temperature, and their combination. The combination of elevated CO 2 and temperature changed the functional relationships between biochemical parameters and leaf nitrogen content for Changyou 5. The g s model significantly underestimated g s under the combination of elevated CO 2 and temperature by 19% for Changyou 5 and by 10% for Nanjing 9108 if no acclimation was assumed. However, our further analysis applying the coupled g s –Fv CB model to an independent, previously published FACE experiment showed that including such an acclimation response of g s hardly improved prediction of leaf photosynthesis under the four combinations of CO 2 and temperature. Therefore, the typical procedure that crop models using the Fv CB and g s models are parameterized from plants grown under current ambient conditions may not result in critical errors in projecting productivity of paddy rice under future global change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    In: Chinese Journal of Chemistry, Wiley
    Abstract: Energy levels and energy level alignment at interfaces play a decisive role in designing efficient and stable organic solar cells (OSCs). In this review two usually used technologies in organic photovoltaic communities for measuring energy levels of organic semiconductors, photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods, are introduced, and the relationships between the values obtained from the corresponding techniques are compared. The energy level and energy level alignment across the interfaces involved in solution processed organic photovoltaics are described, and the corresponding integer charge transfer model for predicting and explaining energy level alignment are presented. The effects of the interface properties in designing efficient binary and ternary OSCs were discussed. The effects of environmental factors mainly including water vapor, oxygen gas and thermal annealing on energy levels and energy level alignment involved in photoactive layers, and the subsequent effects on the corresponding OSC properties are given. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1001-604X , 1614-7065
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2144352-X
    SSG: 6,25
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  • 7
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 9 ( 2022-09)
    Abstract: Introduction of filler materials into organic solar cells (OSCs) are a promising strategy to improve device performance and thermal/mechanical stability. However, the complex interactions between the state‐of‐the‐art OSC materials and filler require careful selection of filler materials and OSC fabrication to achieve lower cost and improved performance. In this work, the introduction of a natural product betulin‐based insulating polymer as filler in various OSCs is investigated. Donor–acceptor–insulator ternary OSCs are developed with improved open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ) due to decreased trap‐assisted recombination. Furthermore, filler‐induced vertical phase separation due to mismatched surface energy can strongly affect charge collection at the bottom interface and limit the filler ratio. A quasi‐bilayer strategy is used in all‐polymer systems to circumvent this problem. Herein, the variety of filler materials in OSCs to biomass is broadened, and the filler strategy is made a feasible and promising strategy toward highly efficient, eco, and low‐cost OSCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 8
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2021-01)
    Abstract: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) has been successfully used as the cathode interfacial layer (CIL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for work function ( W F ) modification. However, detailed insight into the effect of a PVP interlayer on the physicochemical properties of the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode in inverted OSCs (I‐OSCs) is still largely absent. Herein, the ITO/PVP interface is investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy and the mechanisms for the energy level alignment of PVP on different substrates in general are unraveled. The results indicate that the dipole formation that reduces the W F is driven by not only the directional intrinsic molecular dipole moments associated with the γ‐lactam of PVP, but also an additional dipole step with the same direction created by the image charges in the contacting (semi‐)conductor layer. In addition, high‐performance inverted OSCs (I‐OSCs) are achieved by introducing a self‐assembled ultrathin PVP layer using a simple immersion method. This work provides enhanced understanding of the PVP‐based CIL and demonstrates its great potential in I‐OSC fabrication, which can pave the way to simplified manufacturing of low‐cost and large‐area devices in organic electronic technologies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Separation Science, Wiley, Vol. 44, No. 9 ( 2021-05), p. 1950-1960
    Abstract: Tiafenacil is a new contact herbicide and its environmental behavior after field application remains poorly understood. In order to understand the dissipation of tiafenacil in the soil, the tiafenacil dissipation experiment was conducted at citrus orchard sites in five provinces of China (Gansu, Shandong, Sichuan, Jiangxi, and Hainan) in 2019 and 2020 (July–August) and the relevant determination methods were optimized. The results showed that the established method showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.01–0.5 mg/kg. The average recoveries of tiafenacil from the five soils were 86.31–101.66%, with coefficients of variation of 0.28–10.79%. The dissipation of tiafenacil at the five experimental sites conformed to the first‐order kinetic equation, C t  =  C 0 exp − kt ( R 2  = 0.8130 – 0.9967). The half‐life of tiafenacil ranged from 0.26 to 4.19 days. The dissipation rate of tiafenacil was positively correlated with soil organic matter content and negatively correlated with soil pH, while monthly average temperature and total rainfall were less influential than soil properties. Therefore, the established method was simple and effective for tiafenacil residue analysis in citrus orchard soils. Tiafenacil could readily dissipate in soil and might be a safe alternative to glyphosate for weed control in citrus orchards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1615-9306 , 1615-9314
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047990-6
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 31, No. 47 ( 2021-11)
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 47 ( 2021-11)
    Abstract: Recent electronics technology development has provided unprecedented opportunities for enabling implantable bioelectronics for long‐term disease monitoring and treatment. Current electronics‐tissue interfaces are characterized by weak physical interactions, suffering from potential interfacial failure or dislocation during long‐term application. On the other hand, some new technologies can be used to achieve robust electronics‐tissue interfaces; however, such technologies are limited by potential risks and the discomfort associated with postdetachment of the bioelectronics. Here, a hydrogel‐based electronics‐tissue interface based on the exploitation of dynamic interactions (such as boronate‐diol complexation) that features an interfacial toughness over 400 J m −2 is presented. Moreover, these hydrogel adhesion layers are also trigger‐detachable by dissociating the dynamic complexes (i.e., addition of glucose). These hydrogel‐based bioelectronic interfaces enable the in vivo recording of physiological signals (i.e., electromyograph, blood pressure, or pulse rates). Upon mild triggering, these bioelectronics can be easily detached without causing any damage, trauma, or discomfort to the skin, tissues, and organs. This kind of trigger‐detachable hydrogel adhesives offer general applicability in bioelectronic interfaces, exhibiting promising utility in monitoring, modulating, and treating diseases where temporary monitoring of physiologic signals, interfacial robustness, and postremoval of bioelectronics are required.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
    SSG: 11
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