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  • Wiley  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter changes in rats with morphine‐induced conditioned place preference
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Addiction Biology Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2023-05)
    Details
    In: Addiction Biology, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2023-05)
    Abstract: Addiction to morphine is a chronic brain disease leading to compulsive abuse. Drug addiction animal models with and without conditioned place preference (CPP) training have been used to investigate cue‐elicited drug craving. We used 18 F‐fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F‐FDG) and 11 C‐2‐β‐carbomethoxy‐3‐β‐(4‐fluorophenyl)tropane ( 11 C‐CFT) micro‐PET/CT scans to examine the regional changes in brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter (DAT) availability to study their relationship underlying drug memory in morphine‐treated rat models with and without CPP. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) of 18 F‐FDG significantly decreased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and cingulate with short‐term morphine administration compared with the baseline condition. Voxelwise analysis indicated glucose metabolism alterations in the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus and cingulate in morphine‐treated rats and in the striatum, thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex and many regions in the cortex in the CPP group compared with the baseline condition. Alterative glucose metabolism was also observed in the striatum, primary somatosensory cortex and some cortical regions in the CPP group compared with morphine alone group. DAT expression alterations were only observed in the long‐term morphine compared with the short‐term morphine group. This study shows that cerebral glucose metabolism significantly altered during morphine administration and CPP process mainly in the mPFC, striatum and hippocampus, which indicates that the function of these brain regions is involved in cue‐induced craving and memory retrieval.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6215 , 1369-1600
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/adb.v28.5
    DOI: 10.1111/adb.13277
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1324314-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495537-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    LL‐37 promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Clinical & Experimental Allergy Vol. 49, No. 7 ( 2019-07), p. 990-999
    Details
    In: Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 7 ( 2019-07), p. 990-999
    Abstract: Neutrophil accumulation has been observed in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the functions of neutrophils are poorly understood. Neutrophils produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are involved in a variety of chronic inflammatory pathologies. LL‐37 is the only member of the cathelicidin family in human. Objective Our aims were to examine the presence of NETs in CRSwNP and to investigate the regulatory effect of LL‐37 on NET formation. Methods Nasal polyp tissues were investigated for the presence of NETs by using immunofluorescent (IF) staining. The expression and distribution of LL‐37 were examined by using quantitative RT‐PCR, ELISA, IF, and immunohistochemistry. Purified peripheral neutrophils were stimulated with LL‐37 and stained with IF to identify NETs. NETs% was defined as percentage of NET‐generating neutrophils to the total number of neutrophils. Results Neutrophil extracellular traps were located in the subepithelial layer of nasal polyps and control tissues. Nasal polyps had higher NETs% compared with that of controls (23.01% ± 3.43% vs 4.52% ± 1.33%, P   〈  0.0001). NET count was also increased in nasal polyps. NET count correlated with neutrophil count ( r  = 0.908, P   〈  0.001). LL‐37 protein and mRNA levels were upregulated in nasal polyps. LL‐37 was distributed in the epithelial and subepithelial layer and mainly expressed by neutrophils. Moreover, LL‐37 promoted peripheral neutrophils to form NETs in a dose‐dependent manner ex vivo. Interestingly, dexamethasone did not inhibit the effect of LL‐37 on inducing NET formation. Furthermore, peripheral neutrophils from CRSwNP patients were more susceptible to LL‐37‐mediated NET formation, compared with neutrophils derived from control subjects. In addition, NETs released LL‐37 in vivo and ex vivo. Conclusion Neutrophil extracellular traps are significantly increased in nasal polyps and LL‐37 induces NET formation in CRSwNP patients. These findings indicate that NETs may contribute to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic inflammation in CRSwNP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-7894 , 1365-2222
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cea.2019.49.issue-7
    DOI: 10.1111/cea.13408
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 645204-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004469-0
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Mixed Integer Linear Programming Based Speed Profile Optimization for Heavy-Haul Trains
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Advanced Transportation Vol. 2023 ( 2023-12-27), p. 1-15
    Details
    In: Journal of Advanced Transportation, Wiley, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-12-27), p. 1-15
    Abstract: Automatic heavy-haul train (HHT) operation technology has recently received considerable attention in the field of rail transportation. In this paper, a discrete-time-based mathematical formulation is proposed to address the speed profile optimization problem in order to ensure the safe, efficient, and economical operation of heavy-haul trains (HHTs). Due to the presence of long and steep downgrades (LSDs) on some heavy-haul lines, the brake forces of the HHT are typically jointly determined by air braking and electric braking. The time characteristics of the air braking, such as the command delay and the change process caused by the air pressure, are taken into account, and then formulas are presented to calculate the air brake force. In addition, the influence of the neutral section on the control of the electric braking is considered via space-based constraints. The resulting problem is a nonlinear optimal control problem. To achieve linearization, auxiliary 0-1 binary variables and the big-M approach are introduced to transform the nonlinear constraints regarding slope, curve, neutral section, air brake force, and air-filled time into linear constraints. Moreover, piecewise affine (PWA) functions are used to approximate the basic resistance of the HHT. Finally, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed, which can be solved by CPLEX. The experiments are carried out using data from a heavy-haul railway line in China, and the results show that the proposed approach is effective and flexible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2042-3195 , 0197-6729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/6649871
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553327-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 244227-9
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