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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    New Acetohydrazides Incorporating 2‐Oxoindoline and 4‐Oxoquinazoline: Synthesis and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Caspase Activation Activity
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Chemistry & Biodiversity Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2020-03)
    Details
    In: Chemistry & Biodiversity, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2020-03)
    Abstract: In our search for new small molecules activating procaspase‐3, we have designed and synthesized a series of new acetohydrazides incorporating both 2‐oxoindoline and 4‐oxoquinazoline scaffolds. Biological evaluation showed that a number of these acetohydrazides were comparably or even more cytotoxic against three human cancer cell lines (SW620, colon cancer; PC‐3, prostate cancer; NCI−H23, lung cancer) in comparison to PAC‐1, a first procaspase‐3 activating compound, which was used as a positive control. One of those new compounds, 2‐(6‐chloro‐4‐oxoquinazolin‐3(4 H )‐yl)‐ N ′‐[(3 Z )‐5‐methyl‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydro‐3 H ‐indol‐3‐ylidene]acetohydrazide activated the caspase‐3 activity in U937 human lymphoma cells by 5‐fold higher than the untreated control. Three of the new compounds significantly induced necrosis and apoptosis in U937 cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1612-1872 , 1612-1880
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.v17.3
    DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2139001-0
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  • 2
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    Impact of 2009 pandemic influenza among Vietnamese children based on a population‐based prospective surveillance from 2007 to 2011
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2014-07), p. 389-396
    Details
    In: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2014-07), p. 389-396
    Abstract: Influenza virus is one of the major viral pathogens causing pediatric acute respiratory infection ( ARI ). The spread of pandemic influenza A (A(H1N1)pdm09) in 2009 around the globe had a huge impact on global health. Objective To investigate the impact of A(H1N1)pdm09 on pediatric ARI in Vietnam. Study design An ongoing population‐based prospective surveillance in central Vietnam was used. All children aged 〈 15 years residing in Nha Trang city, enrolled to the ARI surveillance in Khanh Hoa General Hospital, from February 2007 through March 2011 were studied. Clinical data and nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected. Influenza A was detected and genotyped by multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays and sequencing. Results Among enrolled 2736 hospitalized ARI cases, 354 (13%) were positive for influenza A. Genotyping results revealed that seasonal H3N2 and H1N1 (sea‐H1N1) viruses were cocirculating before A(H1N1)pdm09 appeared in July 2009. The A(H1N1)pdm09 replaced the sea‐H1N1 after the pandemic. The majority of influenza A cases (90%) were aged 〈 5 years with incidence rate of 537 (387–775) per 100 000 population. Annual incidence rates of hospitalized influenza cases for pre‐, initial and post‐pandemic periods among children aged 〈 5 year were 474, 452, and 387 per 100 000, respectively. Children with A(H1N1)pdm09 were elder, visited the hospital earlier, less frequently had severe signs, and were less frequently associated with viral coinfection compared with seasonal influenza cases. Conclusions The A(H1N1)pdm09 did not increase the influenza annual hospitalization incidence or disease severity compared with seasonal influenza among pediatric ARI cases in central Vietnam.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1750-2640 , 1750-2659
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.2014.8.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.12244
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2272349-3
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  • 3
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    Influenza B associated paediatric acute respiratory infection hospitalization in central vietnam
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2019-05), p. 248-261
    Details
    In: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2019-05), p. 248-261
    Abstract: Influenza B is one of the major etiologies for acute respiratory infections ( ARI ) among children worldwide; however, its clinical‐epidemiological information is limited. We aimed to investigate the hospitalization incidence and clinical‐epidemiological characteristics of influenza B‐associated paediatric ARI s in central Vietnam. Methods We collected clinical‐epidemiological information and nasopharyngeal swabs from ARI children hospitalized at Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Nha Trang, Vietnam from February 2007 through June 2013. Nasopharyngeal samples were screened for 13 respiratory viruses using Multiplex‐ PCR s. Influenza B‐confirmed cases were genotyped by Haemagglutinin gene sequencing. We analyzed the clinical‐epidemiological characteristics of influenza B Lineages (Victoria/Yamagata) and WHO Groups. Results In the pre‐A/H1N1pdm09 period, influenza B‐associated ARI hospitalization incidence among children under five was low, ranging between 14.7 and 80.7 per 100 000 population. The incidence increased to between 51.4 and 330 in the post‐A/H1N1pdm09. Influenza B ARI cases were slightly older with milder symptoms. Both Victoria and Yamagata lineages were detected before the A/H1N1pdm09 outbreak; however, Victoria lineage became predominant in 2010‐2013 (84% Victoria vs 16% Yamagata). Victoria and Yamagata lineages did not differ in demographic and clinical characteristics. In Victoria lineage, Group1 ARI cases were clinically more severe compared to Group5, presenting a greater proportion of wheeze, tachypnea, and lower respiratory tract infection. Conclusions The current results highlight the increased incidence of influenza B‐related ARI hospitalization among children in central Vietnam in the post‐A/H1N1pdm09 era. Furthermore, the difference in clinical severity between Victoria lineage Group1 and 5 implies the importance of influenza B genetic variation on clinical presentation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1750-2640 , 1750-2659
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.2019.13.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.12626
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2272349-3
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  • 4
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    Government expenditure, external and domestic public debt, and economic growth
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Public Economic Theory Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 116-134
    Details
    In: Journal of Public Economic Theory, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 116-134
    Abstract: This paper analyzes the relationship between government expenditure, tax on returns to assets, public debt, and growth in an endogenous growth model. Public debt is composed of two components, domestic debt and external debt. We show conditions for existence, uniqueness, and multiplicity of the steady states. More precisely, existence of steady state requires a sufficiently high productivity and a sufficiently low tax on returns to assets. We also provide the effects of an increase in the tax rate on returns to assets on the steady state. In particular, the relation between public spending and the tax rate has a bell shape. Domestic debt unambiguously increases with tax whereas external debt displays an inverted U‐shaped curve. A high tax rate leads to a reallocation of public debt in favor of domestic debt (to the detriment of external debt). The effect of taxation on consumption (and production) also displays a nonlinear pattern when the output elasticity of capital is lower than unity (the effect is monotonously increasing if this elasticity is unity). We also derive the conditions under which a tax increase can boost or reduce the balanced growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1097-3923 , 1467-9779
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jpet.2019.21.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/jpet.12324
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478348-4
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  • 5
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    Effect of SnO Composition in SnO/SnO 2 Nanocomposites on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green under Visible Light
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  ChemistrySelect Vol. 6, No. 43 ( 2021-11-22), p. 12246-12254
    Details
    In: ChemistrySelect, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 43 ( 2021-11-22), p. 12246-12254
    Abstract: Three types of SnO/SnO 2 nanocomposites with different component ratios were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal process. Three samples, S1, S2, and S3, were produced by optimizing the occupied volume inside the Teflon flask, and are referred to as SnO 2 rich, intermediate level, and SnO rich, respectively. In terms of degradation of malachite green under visible light, the photocatalytic activity of the S2 sample outperforms the other two samples and pure SnO by 30 %. It is attributed to the fact that the S2 sample has the most heterojunction between p‐type SnO and n‐type SnO 2 of the three samples because the formation of p‐type SnO and n‐type SnO 2 heterojunction in S2 prevents photogenerated electron‐hole recombination. By comparing S1 and S3 samples, we figured out that Sn 2+ doped into the SnO 2 lattice acts as an electron trap, slowing the recombination process and increasing photocatalytic activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2365-6549 , 2365-6549
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/slct.v6.43
    DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102817
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2844262-3
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  • 6
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    Characterization on Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Made from One‐Step and Two‐Step Solution Processes
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Solar RRL Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2021-07)
    Details
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2021-07)
    Abstract: One‐step and two‐step methods are regarded as the main solution processes for preparing organic metal halide perovskite (PVSK) films. Both of them are also reported to produce high‐quality PVSK films and high‐performance devices. Herein, two highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made by one‐step (19.91%) and two‐step (20.63%) methods are analyzed in detail. Particularly, the nucleation mechanism and structural characteristics of the PVSK films made from different methods are systematically discussed. Characterizations from field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) show that the ion distribution in the PVSK film made by the one‐step method is less uniform horizontally, while the PVSK film made by the two‐step method is less uniform vertically. Both films contain a considerable amount of unreacted species, including PbI 2 , cations, and halides, which are relics from their parental fabricating process. Despite these significant differences, both films are capable to deliver nearly 20% conversion efficiency. This study depicts a clear picture of the PVSK film properties made by one‐step and two‐step methods and provides plentiful information for further improvement in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.v5.7
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.202100109
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 7
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    Increases in functional diversity of mountain plant communities is mainly driven by species turnover under climate change
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Oikos
    Details
    In: Oikos, Wiley
    Abstract: Warming in mountain regions is projected to be three times faster than the global average. Pronounced climate change will likely lead to species reshuffling in mountain plant communities and consequently change ecosystem resilience and functioning. Yet, little is known about the role of inter‐ versus intraspecific changes of plant traits and their consequences for functional richness and evenness of mountain plant communities under climate change. We performed a downslope translocation experiment of intact plant‐soil mesocosms from an alpine pasture and a subalpine grassland in the Swiss and Austrian Alps to simulate an abrupt shift in climate and removal of dispersal barriers. Translocated plant communities experienced warmer and dryer climatic conditions. We found a considerable shift from resource conservative to resource acquisitive leaf‐economy in the two climate change scenarios. However, shifts in leaf‐economy were mainly attributable to species turnover, namely colonization by novel lowland species with trait expressions for a wider range of resource use. We also found an increase in vegetative height of the warmed and drought‐affected alpine plant community, while trait plasticity to warming and drought was limited to few graminoid species of the subalpine plant community. Our results highlight the contrast between the strong competitive potential of novel lowland species in quickly occupying available niche space and native species' lack of both the intraspecific trait variability and the plant functional trait expressions needed to increase functional richness under warming and drought. This is particularly important for the trailing range of many mountain species (i.e. subalpine zone) where upward moving lowland species are becoming more abundant and abiotic climate stressors are likely to become more frequent in the near future. Our study emphasizes mountain plant communities' vulnerability to novel climates and biotic interactions under climate change and highlights graminoid species as potential winners of a warmer and dryer future. Keywords: alpine grassland, functional diversity, invasion, species turnover, traitspace, translocation
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0030-1299 , 1600-0706
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/oik.09922
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025658-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 207359-6
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  • 8
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    Use of stable isotopes to understand run‐off generation processes in the R ed R iver D elta
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Hydrological Processes Vol. 31, No. 22 ( 2017-10-30), p. 3827-3843
    Details
    In: Hydrological Processes, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 22 ( 2017-10-30), p. 3827-3843
    Abstract: This paper presents the use of stable isotopes of water for hydrological characterization and flow component partitioning in the Red River Delta (RRD), the downstream section of the Red River. Water samples were collected monthly during 2015 from the mainstream section of the river and its right bank tributaries flowing through the RRD. In general, δ 18 O and δ 2 H river signatures were depleted in summer–autumn (May–October) and elevated in winter–spring (November–April), displaying seasonal variation in response to regional monsoon air mass contest. The Pacific equatorial–maritime air mass dominates in summer and the northern Asia continental air mass controls in winter. Results show that water of the RRD tributaries stems solely from local sources and is completely separated from water arriving from upstream subbasins. This separation is due to the extensive management of the RRD (e.g., dykes and dams) for the purposes of irrigation and inundation prevention. Mainstream river section δ 18 O and δ 2 H compositions range from −10.58 and −73.74‰ to −6.80 and −43.40‰, respectively, and the corresponding ranges inside the RRD were from −9.35 and −64.27‰ to −2.09 and −15.80‰. A combination of data analysis and hydrological simulation confirms the role of upstream hydropower reservoirs in retaining and mixing upstream water. River water inside the RRD experienced strong evaporation characterized by depleted d‐excess values, becoming negative in summer. On the other hand, the main stream of the Red River has d‐excess values around 10‰, indicating moderate evaporation. Hydrograph separation shows that in upstream subbasins, the groundwater fraction dominates the river flow composition, especially during low flow regimes. Inside the RRD, the river receives groundwater during the dry season, whereas groundwater replenishment occurs in the rainy season. Annual evaporation obtained from this hydrograph separation computation was about 6.3% of catchment discharge, the same order as deduced from the difference between subbasin precipitation and discharge values. This study shows the necessity to re‐evaluate empirical approaches in large river hydrology assessment schemes, especially in the context of climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-6087 , 1099-1085
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.v31.22
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.11296
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479953-4
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  • 9
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    Expanding severe acute respiratory infection ( SARI ) surveillance beyond influenza: The process and data from 1 year of implementation in Vietnam
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 632-642
    Details
    In: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Wiley, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 632-642
    Abstract: In 2016, as a component of the Global Health Security Agenda, the Vietnam Ministry of Health expanded its existing influenza sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections ( SARI ) to include testing for 7 additional viral respiratory pathogens. This article describes the steps taken to implement expanded SARI surveillance in Vietnam and reports data from 1 year of expanded surveillance. Methods The process of expanding the suite of pathogens for routine testing by real‐time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction ( rRT ‐ PCR ) included laboratory trainings, procurement/distribution of reagents, and strengthening and aligning SARI surveillance epidemiology practices at sentinel sites and regional institutes ( RI ). Results Surveillance data showed that of 4003 specimens tested by the RI laboratories, 20.2% (n = 810) were positive for influenza virus. Of the 3193 influenza‐negative specimens, 41.8% (n = 1337) were positive for at least 1 non‐influenza respiratory virus, of which 16.2% (n = 518), 13.4% (n = 428), and 9.6% (n = 308) tested positive for respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, respectively. Conclusions The Government of Vietnam has demonstrated that expanding respiratory viral surveillance by strengthening and building upon an influenza platform is feasible, efficient, and practical.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1750-2640 , 1750-2659
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.2018.12.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/irv.12571
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2272349-3
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  • 10
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    Early‐phase risk assessments during the first epidemic year of African swine fever outbreaks in Vietnamese pigs
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Veterinary Medicine and Science Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2022-09), p. 1993-2004
    Details
    In: Veterinary Medicine and Science, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2022-09), p. 1993-2004
    Abstract: African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable viral disease of pigs and wild boars that could lead to serious economic losses for the swine industry. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify risk factors in the early phase of ASF outbreaks in Vietnamese swine herds during the first epidemic year. Methods The period of interest for this case–control study was February to July 2019. A questionnaire was administered in northern Vietnam where all early cases of ASF were reported. Producers of herds with reported cases were asked to provide information starting from the day of onset of clinical signs as well as 30 days prior to that day. The period of interest for controls was within the 6 months of the first outbreak in Vietnam (February 2019). Questionnaires included 55 questions; responses were received from 67 cases and 115 controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with ASF status. Results Thirty‐seven variables of interest (among a total of 55 variables) were associated with ASF status in univariate analysis ( p   〈  0.05). These 37 variables were assessed for inclusion in the multivariate analysis by backward stepwise selection. Six variables remained significant as ASF risk factors in the final model: distance to farm within 500 m, distance of irrigation systems within 200 m, total number of pigs (≤500), absence of dressing rooms for workers/visitors before entering the farm, poor hygienic practices for people within the farm, and poor hygienic practices at pig loading/unloading locations. Conclusions These results may help in understanding the epidemiology of ASF in Vietnam and provide a scientific basis for optimization of current interventions and development of new tools and strategies to reduce transmission of ASF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2053-1095 , 2053-1095
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/vms3.v8.5
    DOI: 10.1002/vms3.852
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2819409-3
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