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  • 1
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    Which scoring system should be used for non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Old or new?
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2819-2827
    Details
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2819-2827
    Abstract: Several scoring systems for predicting outcomes in patients with non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) have recently been devised, but not sufficiently validated. We compared the predictive accuracy of several scoring systems and assessed the usefulness of new scoring systems. Methods The medical records of 1048 patients with NVUGIB were reviewed to collect demographic, clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic data. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) were calculated for the ABC, new Japanese scoring system, Progetto Nazionale Emorrhagia Digestiva (PNED), and other scores to compare their predictive accuracy for 30‐day mortality, therapeutic intervention, rebleeding, and prolonged hospital stay (≥ 10 days). Outcome predictors were identified by multivariate analysis. Results The ABC, new Japanese scoring system, and PNED scores best predicted 30‐day mortality (AUROC 0.907), need for therapeutic intervention (AUROC 0.707), and rebleeding (AUROC 0.874), respectively (all P   〈  0.001). The ABC and PNED scores were similarly better at predicting prolonged hospital stay (ABC AUROC: 0.765; PNED AUROC: 0.790; both P   〈  0.001). Thirty‐day mortality was related to sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP), syncope, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albumin, heart failure, disseminated malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and liver cirrhosis. Sex, age, SBP, hematemesis, blood urea nitrogen, and eGFR independently predicted the need for therapeutic intervention. Sex, SBP, pulse, albumin level, heart failure, disseminated malignancy, and COPD predicted rebleeding. Conclusion The outcomes of patients with NVUGIB were better predicted by newly developed than by old scoring systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0815-9319 , 1440-1746
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.v36.10
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15555
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006782-3
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  • 2
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    Anti‐Inflammatory Effect of Ascochlorin in LPS‐Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells Is Accompanied With the Down‐Regulation of iNOS, COX‐2 and Proinflammatory Cytokines Through NF‐κB, ERK1/2, and p38 Signaling Pathway
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Vol. 117, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 978-987
    Details
    In: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Wiley, Vol. 117, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 978-987
    Abstract: A natural compound C 23 H 32 O 4 Cl, ascochlorin (ASC) isolated from an incomplete fungus, Ascochyta viciae has been known to have several biological activities as an antibiotic, antifungal, anti‐cancer, anti‐hypolipidemic, and anti‐hypertension agent. In this study, anti‐inflammatory activity has been investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, since ASC has not been observed on the inflammatory events. The present study has clearly shown that ASC (1–50 μM) significantly suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and decreased the gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, ASC inhibited the mRNA expression and the protein secretion of interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐6 but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, ASC suppressed nuclear translocation and DNA binding affinity of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB). Furthermore, ASC down‐regulated phospho‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (p‐ERK1/2) and p‐p38. These results demonstrate that ASC exhibits anti‐inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 978–987, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-2312 , 1097-4644
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcb.v117.4
    DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25383
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479976-5
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  • 3
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    Improvement of digital PCR conditions for direct detection of KRAS mutations
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08)
    Abstract: In standard analytical conditions, an isolation step is essential for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis. The necessity of this step becomes unclear with the development of highly sensitive detection methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate ctDNA mimetic nDNA detection as reference materials (RMs) using dPCR technologies either directly from serum or without serum. Methods To determine an absolute count of both mutation and wild‐type bearing DNA molecules, genomic DNA (gDNA) and nucleosomal DNA (nDNA), which are similar in size to cell‐free DNA, were evaluated. We tested 3 KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer cell lines. Results We describe the recent progress in RMs. The short DNA fragments, such as sDNA and nDNA, exhibited higher quantitative values of dPCR compared to gDNA. The efficiency between Atlantis dsDNase (AD) and Micrococcal Nuclease (MN) affects DNA quantification. Moreover, there was a significant difference in dPCR output when spiking gDNA or nDNA containing KRAS mutations into FBS compared to the dPCR output under non‐FBS conditions. Conclusion The matrix effect crucially affects the accuracy of gDNA and nDNA level estimation in the direct detection of mimic of patient samples. The form of reference material we proposed should be optimized for various conditions to develop reference materials that can accurately measure copy number and verify the detection of KRAS mutations in the matrix.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-8013 , 1098-2825
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.v34.8
    DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23344
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001635-9
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  • 4
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    Cystic Lateral Lymph Node Metastases From Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  The Laryngoscope Vol. 130, No. 12 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: The Laryngoscope, Wiley, Vol. 130, No. 12 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tends to metastasize rather early to local lymph nodes (LNs). Incidences of cystic LN metastases is relatively rare compared with that of solid LN metastases. Few studies have attempted to assess the characteristics in these patients. This study aimed to compare the clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes between patients with cystic LN metastases and those with solid LN metastases. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 1,028 patients with N1b PTC who underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy with central compartment neck dissection and modified radical neck dissection between January 2005 and September 2011. Of these, 136 (13.2%) had cystic LN metastases and 892 (86.8%) had solid LN metastases. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between these two patient groups. Results The proportion of patients with thyroid tumor multifocality was relatively higher in the cystic node cohort (19.9% vs. 12.7%, P = .048). The number of total metastatic LNs and positive lateral LNs was slightly higher in the cystic node cohort (11.3 ± 8.9 vs. 9.7 ± 7.5, P = .029 and 6.9 ± 6.3 vs. 5.5 ± 4.6, P = .018, respectively). The proportion of patients with recurrence was higher in the cystic node cohort (14.0% vs. 3.0%, P   〈  .001). Multivariate analysis indicated that cystic nodes were a significant risk factor for recurrence (hazard ratio: 5.265, 95% confidence interval: 2.898‐9.563). Conclusions This study demonstrates that cystic lateral LN metastases are associated with aggressive tumor behavior in PTC patients. and that their presence is a significant independent prognostic factor for disease‐free survival. Level of Evidence 2b Laryngoscope , 2020
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-852X , 1531-4995
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lary.v130.12
    DOI: 10.1002/lary.28631
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026089-1
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  • 5
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    Proteomic analysis of liver tissue from HBx ‐transgenic mice at early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  PROTEOMICS Vol. 9, No. 22 ( 2009-11), p. 5056-5066
    Details
    In: PROTEOMICS, Wiley, Vol. 9, No. 22 ( 2009-11), p. 5056-5066
    Abstract: The hepatitis B virus X‐protein (HBx), a multifunctional viral regulator, participates in the viral life cycle and in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously reported a high incidence of HCC in transgenic mice expressing HBx. In this study, proteomic analysis was performed to identify proteins that may be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and/or that could be utilized as early detection biomarkers for HCC. Proteins from the liver tissue of HBx ‐transgenic mice at early stages of carcinogenesis (dysplasia and hepatocellular adenoma) were separated by 2‐DE, and quantitative changes were analyzed. A total of 22 spots displaying significant quantitative changes were identified using LC‐MS/MS. In particular, several proteins involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism, such as mitochondrial 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA thiolase, intestinal fatty acid‐binding protein 2 and cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, were differentially expressed, implying that significant metabolic alterations occurred during the early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis. The results of this proteomic analysis provide insights into the mechanism of HBx‐mediated hepatocarcinogenesis. Additionally, this study identifies possible therapeutic targets for HCC diagnosis and novel drug development for treatment of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1615-9853 , 1615-9861
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pmic.v9:22
    DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800779
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037674-1
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  • 6
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    Profiles and characteristics of bronchial responsiveness in general 7‐year‐old children
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Pediatric Pulmonology Vol. 54, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 713-720
    Details
    In: Pediatric Pulmonology, Wiley, Vol. 54, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 713-720
    Abstract: Although bronchial responsiveness (BR) is usually categorized as normal or hyperresponsive to aid the diagnosis of asthma, it exists on a continuous spectrum, not in a dichotomous manner. We aimed to evaluate the distribution profile of BR in a general population of 7‐year‐olds. Methods In 2015, 7‐year‐old Korean children from a nationwide birth cohort study visited regional study hospitals for skin prick test, standard spirometry, and bronchial provocation to establish reference values for the general population. Their BR degrees were categorized into five ordered groups: hyperresponsive BRs were classified into group 1 (provocative concentration (PC) of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], PC20 of 〈 4 mg/mL) and group 2 (PC20 of ≥4 mg/mL and 〈 16 mg/mL), and nonresponsive BRs were categorized into group 3 (final FEV1 percentage fall after inhaling 16 mg/mL of methacholine [FEV1%fall] of 〉 15% and ≤20%), group 4 (FEV1%fall of 〉 10% and ≤15%), and group 5 (FEV1%fall of ≤10%). Results In total, 559 subjects finished all tests reliably. Groups 1 and 2 comprised 10.0% and 15.7% of the total population, respectively. Groups 3, 4, and 5 comprised 14.7%, 18.4%, and 41.1%, respectively. As the group number increased, the proportion of those with recent wheezing and those with indoor allergen sensitization decreased ( P for trend = 0.001 and P for trend  〈  0.001, respectively), and the baseline FEV1/FVC increased ( P for trend  〈  0.001) Conclusion BR of the 7‐year‐olds in the general population, while showing a wide distribution across phenotypes, is associated with allergic symptoms, negatively correlated with baseline lung function and positively correlated with indoor allergen sensitization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8755-6863 , 1099-0496
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ppul.v54.6
    DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24310
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 7
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    Pulmonary function of healthy Korean children from three independent birth cohorts: Validation of the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 equation
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Pediatric Pulmonology Vol. 56, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 3310-3320
    Details
    In: Pediatric Pulmonology, Wiley, Vol. 56, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 3310-3320
    Abstract: Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 equations were developed to resolve the age‐related disparity in interpreting spirometry results. Local validation of the equation is needed, especially in Northeast Asian children. This study evaluated the GLI equation in Korean children. Methods Spirometry indices (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25%–75%) and clinical information were gathered from three population‐based birth cohorts. Predicted GLI reference values and z scores of spirometry results were calculated for 1239 healthy children. The mean, standard deviation of z scores were compared with the expected 0 and 1. Probabilities of falling below the lower limit of normal (LLN) ( z score: −1.64) were compared with the expected value 5%. GLI z scores were assessed according to low ( 〈 −2), normal (≥−2 and ≤2), and high ( 〉 2) BMI z score groups. Results Mean z scores significantly differed from 0 for FEV1/FVC in males (mean [95% confidence interval]: 0.18 [0.08, 0.27] ) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in females (−0.23 [−0.31, −0.15] and −0.26 [−0.36, −0.16] , respectively). The standard deviation was larger than 1 for all variables in males and FVC and FEV1/FVC in females. The probability of falling below the LLN was significantly larger than 5% for FEV1 (12.13% [9.64, 14.77]), FVC (15.86% [13.06, 18.81] ), and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25%–75%) (7.31% [5.29, 9.49]) in males and FVC (11.91% [9.40, 14.60] ) in females. FEV1 and FVC z scores increased across low to high body mass index (BMI) groups, and FEV1/FVC decreased from low to high BMI groups. Conclusion GLI equations marginally differ from real‐world values, which should be considered by pulmonologists in practice or research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8755-6863 , 1099-0496
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ppul.v56.10
    DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25622
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
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    Effect of Oily Ingredients and Solid Adsorbents on the Chemical Stability of a Solid Dosage Form of Lubiprostone
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2020-02), p. 156-161
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2020-02), p. 156-161
    Abstract: Lubiprostone (LPT), a novel laxative, is commercially available as a soft gelatin capsule with oily ingredient, complementing its poor water‐solubility and oxygen‐labile property. In the present study, in order to address drawbacks associated with soft capsule formulations such as difficulty in process control or high production costs, conversion of the drug‐loaded oil solution into powder dosage form was attempted using several oily ingredients and porous solid carriers. Drug solubilization in medium chain triglycerides (MCT) drastically improved the drug stability compared to that in powder or other oily ingredients, exhibiting over 95% of the drug remaining after 5 days of storage at 60 °C. However, conversion of drug‐loaded MCT into a free‐flowing powder using porous carriers markedly deteriorated drug stability. Although the drug stability in the solidified formulations prepared using Avicel PH 102 or Aerosil 200 were relatively higher than those prepared using metallic adsorbents (Florite, DCP A/T, and Neusilin US2), they were less stable than in the intact oil solution under stress and accelerated condition. This implied that the decreased thickness of the oily barrier in the solidified formula failed to inhibit the exposure of the labile compound to oxygen and/or moisture, thereby accelerating drug degradation. In vitro drug release from the adsorbent progressed rapidly, providing complete drug release within 15 min, under sink condition. This study suggests that the kind of oily vehicle and the thickness of the barrier are important factors for ensuring the stability of LPT, an oxygen‐labile compound, and additional pharmaceutical approaches are required for the construction of stable solid preparations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1229-5949 , 1229-5949
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.v41.2
    DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11940
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056474-0
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  • 9
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    BCLC stage B is a better designation for single large hepatocellular carcinoma than BCLC stage A
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 467-474
    Details
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 467-474
    Abstract: Although the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system is widely used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) staging, the most appropriate BCLC stage designation for single large HCC (SLHCC, single nodule 〉  5 cm) remains controversial. This study investigated the prognosis of patients with SLHCC. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed HCCs (BCLC stages A or B) were classified according to tumor burden: group 1, a single nodule 〉  2 and ≤ 5 cm or two or three nodules ≤ 3 cm; group 2, a single nodule 〉  5 cm; and group 3, two or three nodules 〉  3 cm or 〉  3 nodules. Survival analysis was performed according to tumor stage, treatment type, and Child–Pugh grade. Results: A total of 1005 patients were enrolled. Age was 59.3 ± 10.6 years, and 788 patients (78.4%) were men. Groups 1, 2, and 3 consisted of 613 (61.0%), 124 (12.3%), and 268 (26.7%) patients, respectively. HCC treatment included resection in 202 patients (20.1%), radiofrequency ablation ± transarterial chemoembolization in 311 patients (30.9%), and transarterial chemoembolization in 492 patients (49.0%). The median survival time differed significantly according to tumor stage (75.2, 44.9, and 30.3 months in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; P   〈  0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that group 2 had significantly worse survival compared with group 1 and similar survival to group 3. Conclusions: Patients in group 2 had a worse prognosis than those in group 1 and a similar prognosis to those in group 3. Our results suggest that BCLC stage B is the best stage designation for SLHCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0815-9319 , 1440-1746
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.2016.31.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13152
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006782-3
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  • 10
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    Effects of substance P on osteoblastic differentiation and heme oxygenase-1 in human periodontal ligament cells
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Cell Biology International Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2009-03), p. 424-428
    Details
    In: Cell Biology International, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2009-03), p. 424-428
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1065-6995
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2008.12.007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462519-2
    SSG: 12
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