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  • 1
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 25, No. 20 ( 2016-10), p. 5158-5173
    Abstract: Island systems are important models for evolutionary biology because they provide convenient, discrete biogeographic units of study. Continental islands with a history of intermittent dry land connections confound the discrete definitions of islands and have led zoologists to predict (i) little differentiation of terrestrial organisms among continental shelf islands and (ii) extinction, rather than speciation, to be the main cause of differences in community composition among islands. However, few continental island systems have been subjected to well‐sampled phylogeographic studies, leaving these biogeographic assumptions of connectivity largely untested. We analysed nine unlinked loci from shrews of the genus Crocidura from seven mountains and two lowland localities on the Sundaic continental shelf islands of Sumatra and Java. Coalescent species delimitation strongly supported all currently recognized Crocidura species from Sumatra (six species) and Java (five species), as well as one undescribed species endemic to each island. We find that nearly all species of Crocidura in the region are endemic to a single island and several of these have their closest relative(s) on the same island. Intra‐island genetic divergence among allopatric, conspecific populations is often substantial, perhaps indicating species‐level diversity remains underestimated. One recent (Pleistocene) speciation event generated two morphologically distinct, syntopic species on Java, further highlighting the prevalence of within‐island diversification. Our results suggest that both between‐ and within‐island speciation processes generated local endemism in Sundaland, supplementing the traditional view that the region's fauna is relictual and primarily governed by extinction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 2053-2066
    Abstract: The Indonesian island of Sulawesi is home to thousands of endemic terrestrial animal species. Phylogeographical studies of some of these taxa revealed concordant distribution patterns (areas of endemism; AoEs), suggestive of a shared evolutionary or ecological mechanism driving divergence among various terrestrial taxa. Generally, AoEs have been attributed to Pleistocene marine incursions, geological fault zones and Sulawesi's history as an archipelago. We test, for the first time, the hypothesis that population divergences are associated with unsuitable climate spaces at the boundaries between these areas. Location Sulawesi, Indonesia. Taxon Maxomys musschenbroekii , a common murid rodent endemic to Sulawesi. Methods We sequenced a mitochondrial gene, four nuclear protein‐coding genes and hundreds of ultraconserved elements from individuals sampled across the island, which we used to build intraspecific phylogenies and identify population structure. To test climate‐related hypotheses, we used multiple regression to assess the extent to which genetic distances, over‐land geographical distances, environmental distances (derived from ecological niche model resistance surfaces) and areas of endemism are correlated. Results In all three genetic datasets, we inferred phylogeographical structure that is geographically concordant with previously defined AoEs. Ecological niche models showed a similar geography of suitability across the island since the Last Glacial Maximum, with varying levels of unsuitable climate space between AoEs. Genetic distances were more strongly correlated with environmental distances than geographical distances and interspecific divergences arose just in the past 1.5 Myr. Main Conclusions Population divergences within M. musschenbroekii are consistent with AoE definitions from other taxa. Stable areas of unsuitable habitat near AoE boundaries probably supplemented marine incursions in generating population structure within M. musschenbroekii and other co‐distributed species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0270 , 1365-2699
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020428-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 188963-1
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1547-1558
    Abstract: In this study, we reconstructed the biogeographical history of species within the sister‐genera Thylamys and Lestodelphys , Neotropical marsupials that primarily inhabit open biomes. We used this reconstruction to test the extent to which physical geography (e.g. mountains and rivers) and habitat type (e.g. biomes) shaped patterns of diversification. Location Central and southern South America. Methods A fossil‐calibrated ultrametric tree for all species within Thylamys and Lestodelphys , along with relevant marsupial outgroups, was reconstructed using sequences from 23 nuclear loci and three mitochondrial loci. Using two biogeographical area schemes (based on biomes and physical barriers, respectively), the biogeographical history of this clade was reconstructed using Lagrange , a maximum‐likelihood approach. Results Thylamys and Lestodelphys originated during the Pliocene in the lowland areas east of the Andes and later expanded their range into and across the Andes. Rivers are implicated in speciation events that occurred in the lowlands, whereas differentiation among habitat types may have led to increased in situ speciation within the Andes. Main conclusions Biogeographical area schemes based on biomes and physical geographical barriers offered largely complementary results, supporting the hypothesis that both physical geography and ecological differences among habitats drive speciation in continental fauna. Invasion of high‐elevation grasslands may have been the impetus for further diversification in montane habitats, eventually seeding the adjacent lowland areas with additional species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0270 , 1365-2699
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020428-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 188963-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 24, No. 10 ( 2015-05), p. 2495-2506
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 10 ( 2015-05), p. 2495-2506
    Abstract: Climate oscillations during the Quaternary altered the distributions of terrestrial animals at a global scale. In mountainous regions, temperature fluctuations may have led to shifts in range size and population size as species tracked their shifting habitats upslope or downslope. This creates the potential for both allopatric speciation and population size fluctuations, as species are either constrained to smaller patches of habitat at higher elevations or able to expand into broader areas at higher latitudes. We considered the impact of climate oscillations on three pairs of marsupial species from the Andes ( Thylamys opossums) by inferring divergence times and demographic changes. We compare four different divergence dating approaches, using anywhere from one to 26 loci. Each pair comprises a northern (tropical) lineage and a southern (subtropical to temperate) lineage. We predicted that divergences would have occurred during the last interglacial ( LIG ) period approximately 125 000 years ago and that population sizes for northern and southern lineages would either contract or expand, respectively. Our results suggest that all three north–south pairs diverged in the late Pleistocene during or slightly after the LIG . The three northern lineages showed no signs of population expansion, whereas two southern lineages exhibited dramatic, recent expansions. We attribute the difference in responses between tropical and subtropical lineages to the availability of ‘montane‐like’ habitats at lower elevations in regions at higher latitudes. We conclude that climate oscillations of the late Quaternary had a powerful impact on the evolutionary history of some of these species, both promoting speciation and leading to significant population size shifts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 979-992
    Abstract: Comprehensive, global information on species' occurrences is an essential biodiversity variable and central to a range of applications in ecology, evolution, biogeography and conservation. Expert range maps often represent a species' only available distributional information and play an increasing role in conservation assessments and macroecology. We provide global range maps for the native ranges of all extant mammal species harmonised to the taxonomy of the Mammal Diversity Database (MDD) mobilised from two sources, the Handbook of the Mammals of the World (HMW) and the Illustrated Checklist of the Mammals of the World (CMW). Location Global. Taxon All extant mammal species. Methods Range maps were digitally interpreted, georeferenced, error‐checked and subsequently taxonomically aligned between the HMW (6253 species), the CMW (6431 species) and the MDD taxonomies (6362 species). Results Range maps can be evaluated and visualised in an online map browser at Map of Life ( mol.org ) and accessed for individual or batch download for non‐commercial use. Main conclusion Expert maps of species' global distributions are limited in their spatial detail and temporal specificity, but form a useful basis for broad‐scale characterizations and model‐based integration with other data. We provide georeferenced range maps for the native ranges of all extant mammal species as shapefiles, with species‐level metadata and source information packaged together in geodatabase format. Across the three taxonomic sources our maps entail, there are 1784 taxonomic name differences compared to the maps currently available on the IUCN Red List website. The expert maps provided here are harmonised to the MDD taxonomic authority and linked to a community of online tools that will enable transparent future updates and version control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0270 , 1365-2699
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020428-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 188963-1
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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