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  • 1
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    Fire and Forget! One‐Shot Synthesis and Characterization of Block‐Like Statistical Terpolymers via Living Anionic Polymerization
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Vol. 57, No. 3 ( 2019-02), p. 382-394
    Details
    In: Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 57, No. 3 ( 2019-02), p. 382-394
    Abstract: Diphenylethylene (DPE) is a monomer which has attracted significant interest from academia and industry both in terms of copolymerization kinetics and for the potential to extend and tune the range of glass transition temperatures accessible for DPE‐containing copolymers. DPE can undergo (co)polymerization with a variety of other monomers by living anionic polymerization but is incapable of forming a homopolymer due to steric hindrance. DPE, being a sterically bulky monomer, results in dramatic increases in the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of resulting copolymers, with a perfectly alternating copolymer of styrene and DPE having a T g of ~180 °C. Herein we report for the first time, the outcome of the statistical terpolymerization of butadiene, styrene, and DPE—a one‐pot, one‐shot, commercially scalable reaction using monomers of wide industrial importance. This extremely facile approach produces copolymers with a block‐like structure, which undergo microphase separation, possess a high T g glassy “block” and are virtually indistinguishable from analogous block terpolymers made by the traditional sequential addition of monomers approach. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57 , 382–394
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0887-624X , 1099-0518
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pola.v57.3
    DOI: 10.1002/pola.29208
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
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    Towards robust and repeatable sampling methods in eDNA ‐based studies
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Molecular Ecology Resources Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 940-952
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley, Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 940-952
    Abstract: DNA ‐based techniques are increasingly used for measuring the biodiversity (species presence, identity, abundance and community composition) of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. While there are numerous reviews of molecular methods and bioinformatic steps, there has been little consideration of the methods used to collect samples upon which these later steps are based. This represents a critical knowledge gap, as methodologically sound field sampling is the foundation for subsequent analyses. We reviewed field sampling methods used for metabarcoding studies of both terrestrial and freshwater ecosystem biodiversity over a nearly three‐year period ( n  = 75). We found that 95% ( n  = 71) of these studies used subjective sampling methods and inappropriate field methods and/or failed to provide critical methodological information. It would be possible for researchers to replicate only 5% of the metabarcoding studies in our sample, a poorer level of reproducibility than for ecological studies in general. Our findings suggest greater attention to field sampling methods, and reporting is necessary in eDNA ‐based studies of biodiversity to ensure robust outcomes and future reproducibility. Methods must be fully and accurately reported, and protocols developed that minimize subjectivity. Standardization of sampling protocols would be one way to help to improve reproducibility and have additional benefits in allowing compilation and comparison of data from across studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1755-098X , 1755-0998
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/men.2018.18.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12907
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 3
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    Evolution of virulence in a novel family of transmissible mega‐plasmids
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Environmental Microbiology Vol. 23, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 5289-5304
    Details
    In: Environmental Microbiology, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 5289-5304
    Abstract: Some Serratia entomophila isolates have been successfully exploited in biopesticides due to their ability to cause amber disease in larvae of the Aotearoa (New Zealand) endemic pasture pest, Costelytra giveni . Anti‐feeding prophage and ABC toxin complex virulence determinants are encoded by a 153‐kb single‐copy conjugative plasmid (pADAP; a mber d isease‐ a ssociated p lasmid). Despite growing understanding of the S . entomophila pADAP model plasmid, little is known about the wider plasmid family. Here, we sequence and analyse mega‐plasmids from 50 Serratia isolates that induce variable disease phenotypes in the C . giveni insect host. Mega‐plasmids are highly conserved within S . entomophila , but show considerable divergence in Serratia proteamaculans with other variants in S . liquefaciens and S . marcescens , likely reflecting niche adaption. In this study to reconstruct ancestral relationships for a complex mega‐plasmid system, strong co‐evolution between Serratia species and their plasmids were found. We identify 12 distinct mega‐plasmid genotypes, all sharing a conserved gene backbone, but encoding highly variable accessory regions including virulence factors, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, Nitrogen fixation genes and toxin‐antitoxin systems. We show that the variable pathogenicity of Serratia isolates is largely caused by presence/absence of virulence clusters on the mega‐plasmids, but notably, is augmented by external chromosomally encoded factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-2912 , 1462-2920
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/emi.v23.9
    DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15595
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020213-1
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  • 4
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    Studying RNA Homology and Conservation with Infernal: From Single Sequences to RNA Families
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Current Protocols in Bioinformatics Vol. 54, No. 1 ( 2016-06)
    Details
    In: Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, Wiley, Vol. 54, No. 1 ( 2016-06)
    Abstract: Emerging high‐throughput technologies have led to a deluge of putative non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences identified in a wide variety of organisms. Systematic characterization of these transcripts will be a tremendous challenge. Homology detection is critical to making maximal use of functional information gathered about ncRNAs: identifying homologous sequence allows us to transfer information gathered in one organism to another quickly and with a high degree of confidence. ncRNA presents a challenge for homology detection, as the primary sequence is often poorly conserved and de novo secondary structure prediction and search remain difficult. This unit introduces methods developed by the Rfam database for identifying “families” of homologous ncRNAs starting from single “seed” sequences, using manually curated sequence alignments to build powerful statistical models of sequence and structure conservation known as covariance models (CMs), implemented in the Infernal software package. We provide a step‐by‐step iterative protocol for identifying ncRNA homologs and then constructing an alignment and corresponding CM. We also work through an example for the bacterial small RNA MicA, discovering a previously unreported family of divergent MicA homologs in genus Xenorhabdus in the process. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-3396 , 1934-340X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/0471250953.2016.54.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1002/cpbi.4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2179022-X
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  • 5
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    Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Conservation Biology Vol. 35, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1833-1849
    Details
    In: Conservation Biology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1833-1849
    Abstract: Reconociendo que era imperativo evaluar la recuperación de especies y el impacto de la conservación, la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) convocó en 2012 al desarrollo de una “Lista Verde de Especies” (ahora el Estatus Verde de las Especies de la UICN). Un marco de referencia preliminar de una Lista Verde de Especies para evaluar el progreso de las especies hacia la recuperación, publicado en 2018, proponía 2 componentes separados pero interconectados: un método estandarizado (i.e., medición en relación con puntos de referencia de la viabilidad de especies, funcionalidad y distribución antes del impacto) para determinar el estatus de recuperación actual ( puntuación de recuperación de la especie ) y la aplicación de ese método para estimar impactos en el pasado y potenciales de conservación basados en 4 medidas ( legado de conservación, dependencia de conservación, ganancia de conservación y potencial de recuperación ). Probamos el marco de referencia con 181 especies representantes de diversos taxa, historias de vida, biomas, y categorías (riesgo de extinción) en la Lista Roja de la IUCN. Con base en la distribución observada de la puntuación de recuperación de las especies, proponemos las siguientes categorías de recuperación de la especie : totalmente recuperada, ligeramente mermada, moderadamente mermada, mayormente mermada, gravemente mermada, extinta en estado silvestre, e inderterminada. Cincuenta y nueve por ciento de las especies se consideraron mayormente o gravemente mermada. Aunque hubo una relación negativa entre el riesgo de extinción y la puntuación de recuperación de la especie, la variación fue considerable. Algunas especies en las categorías de riesgo bajas fueron evaluadas como más lejos de recuperarse que aquellas con alto riesgo. Esto enfatiza que la recuperación de especies es diferente conceptualmente al riesgo de extinción y refuerza la utilidad del Estado Verde de las Especies de la UICN para comprender integralmente el estatus de conservación de especies. Aunque el riesgo de extinción no predijo el legado de conservación, la dependencia de conservación o la ganancia de conservación, se correlacionó positivamente con la potencial de recuperación. Solo 1.7% de las especies probadas fue categorizado como cero en los 4 indicadores de impacto de la conservación , lo que indica que la conservación ha jugado, o jugará, un papel en la mejoría o mantenimiento del estatus de la especie la gran mayoría de ellas. Con base en nuestros resultados, diseñamos una versión actualizada del marco de referencia para la evaluación que introduce la opción de utilizar una línea de base dinámica para evaluar los impactos futuros de la conservación en el corto plazo y redefine corto plazo como 10 años.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0888-8892 , 1523-1739
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cobi.v35.6
    DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
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    Implications for sequencing of biologic therapy and choice of second anti‐TNF in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the IMmunogenicity to Second Anti‐TNF therapy ( IMSAT ) therapeutic drug monitoring study
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Vol. 56, No. 8 ( 2022-10), p. 1250-1263
    Details
    In: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Wiley, Vol. 56, No. 8 ( 2022-10), p. 1250-1263
    Abstract: Anti‐drug antibodies are associated with treatment failure to anti‐TNF agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim To assess whether immunogenicity to a patient's first anti‐TNF agent would be associated with immunogenicity to the second, irrespective of drug sequence Methods We conducted a UK‐wide, multicentre, retrospective cohort study to report rates of immunogenicity and treatment failure of second anti‐TNF therapies in 1058 patients with IBD who underwent therapeutic drug monitoring for both infliximab and adalimumab. The primary outcome was immunogenicity to the second anti‐TNF agent, defined at any timepoint as an anti‐TNF antibody concentration ≥9 AU/ml for infliximab and ≥6 AU/ml for adalimumab. Results In patients treated with infliximab and then adalimumab, those who developed antibodies to infliximab were more likely to develop antibodies to adalimumab, than patients who did not develop antibodies to infliximab (OR 1.99, 95%CI 1.27–3.20, p  = 0.002). Similarly, in patients treated with adalimumab and then infliximab, immunogenicity to adalimumab was associated with subsequent immunogenicity to infliximab (OR 2.63, 95%CI 1.46–4.80, p   〈  0.001). For each 10‐fold increase in anti‐infliximab and anti‐adalimumab antibody concentration, the odds of subsequently developing antibodies to adalimumab and infliximab increased by 1.73 (95% CI 1.38–2.17, p   〈  0.001) and 1.99 (95%CI 1.34–2.99, p   〈  0.001), respectively. Patients who developed immunogenicity with undetectable drug levels to infliximab were more likely to develop immunogenicity with undetectable drug levels to adalimumab (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.39–4.19, p   〈  0.001). Commencing an immunomodulator at the time of switching to the second anti‐TNF was associated with improved drug persistence in patients with immunogenic, but not pharmacodynamic failure. Conclusion Irrespective of drug sequence, immunogenicity to the first anti‐TNF agent was associated with immunogenicity to the second, which was mitigated by the introduction of an immunomodulator in patients with immunogenic, but not pharmacodynamic treatment failure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-2813 , 1365-2036
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/apt.v56.8
    DOI: 10.1111/apt.17170
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003094-0
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  • 7
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    Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 June 2010 – 31 July 2010
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Molecular Ecology Resources Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2010-11), p. 1106-1108
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2010-11), p. 1106-1108
    Abstract: This article documents the addition of 205 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Bagassa guianensis, Bulweria bulwerii, Camelus bactrianus, Chaenogobius annularis, Creontiades dilutus, Diachasmimorpha tryoni, Dioscorea alata, Euhrychiopsis lecontei, Gmelina arborea, Haliotis discus hannai, Hirtella physophora, Melanaphis sacchari, Munida isos, Thaumastocoris peregrinus and Tuberolachnus salignus . These loci were cross‐tested on the following species: Halobaena caerulea, Procellaria aequinoctialis, Oceanodroma monteiroi, Camelus ferus, Creontiades pacificus, Dioscorea rotundata, Dioscorea praehensilis, Dioscorea abyssinica, Dioscorea nummularia, Dioscorea transversa, Dioscorea esculenta, Dioscorea pentaphylla, Dioscorea trifida, Hirtella bicornis, Hirtella glandulosa, Licania alba, Licania canescens, Licania membranaceae, Couepia guianensis and 7 undescribed Thaumastocoris species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1755-098X , 1755-0998
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/men.2010.10.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02916.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2406833-0
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  • 8
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    Measuring congestion with a non‐invasive monitoring device in heart failure and haemodialysis: CONGEST‐HF
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  European Journal of Heart Failure
    Details
    In: European Journal of Heart Failure, Wiley
    Abstract: We examined the effectiveness of a novel cardiopulmonary management wearable sensor (worn for less than 5 mins) at measuring congestion and correlated the device findings with established clinical measures of congestion. Methods and results We enrolled three cohorts of patients: (1) patients with heart failure (HF) receiving intravenous diuretics in hospital; (2) patients established on haemodialysis, and (3) HF patients undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC). The primary outcomes in the respective cohorts were a Spearman correlation between (1) change in weight and change in thoracic impedance (TI) (from enrolment, 24 h after admission to discharge) in patients hospitalized for HF; (2) lung ultrasound B‐lines and volume removed during dialysis with device measured TI, and (3) pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and sub‐acoustic diastolic, third heart sound (S3) in the patients undergoing RHC. A total of 66 patients were enrolled. In HF patients ( n = 25), change in weight was correlated with both change in device TI (Spearman correlation [r sp ] = −0.64, p = 0.002) and change in device S3 (r sp = −0.53, p = 0.014). In the haemodialysis cohort ( n = 21), B‐lines and TI were strongly correlated before (r sp = −0.71, p 〈 0.001) and after (r sp = −0.77, p 〈 0.001) dialysis. Volume of fluid removed by dialysis was correlated with change in device TI (r sp = 0.49, p = 0.024). In the RHC cohort ( n = 20), PCWP measured at one time point and device S3 were not significantly correlated (r sp = 0.230, p = 0.204). There were no device‐related adverse events. Conclusions A non‐invasive device was able to detect changes in congestion in patients with HF receiving decongestion therapy and patients having fluid removed at haemodialysis. The cardiopulmonary management device, which measures multiple parameters, is a potentially useful tool to monitor patients with HF to prevent hospitalizations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-9842 , 1879-0844
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3290
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 9
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    Tick‐, mosquito‐, and rodent‐borne parasite sampling designs for the National Ecological Observatory Network
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Ecosphere Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2016-05)
    Details
    In: Ecosphere, Wiley, Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2016-05)
    Abstract: Parasites and pathogens are increasingly recognized as significant drivers of ecological and evolutionary change in natural ecosystems. Concurrently, transmission of infectious agents among human, livestock, and wildlife populations represents a growing threat to veterinary and human health. In light of these trends and the scarcity of long‐term time series data on infection rates among vectors and reservoirs, the National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) will collect measurements and samples of a suite of tick‐, mosquito‐, and rodent‐borne parasites through a continental‐scale surveillance program. Here, we describe the sampling designs for these efforts, highlighting sampling priorities, field and analytical methods, and the data as well as archived samples to be made available to the research community. Insights generated by this sampling will advance current understanding of and ability to predict changes in infection and disease dynamics in novel, interdisciplinary, and collaborative ways.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-8925 , 2150-8925
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1271
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 10
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    Training future generations to deliver evidence‐based conservation and ecosystem management
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Ecological Solutions and Evidence Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-01)
    Details
    In: Ecological Solutions and Evidence, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-01)
    Abstract: 1. Pour être efficace, la prochaine génération de praticiens et de gestionnaires de la conservation doit être des penseurs critiques ayant une compréhension approfondie de la manière de prendre des décisions fondées sur des preuves et de la valeur de la synthèse de preuves. 2. Si, en tant qu'éducateurs, nous ne faisons pas de ces priorités un élément central de ce que nous enseignons, nous ne préparons pas nos élèves à apporter une contribution efficace à la conservation de la nature. 3. Pour aider à surmonter ce problème, nous avons créé du matériel pédagogique en ligne en libre accès dans plusieurs langues qui est stocké sur le site internet Applied Ecology Resources. Jusqu'à présent, 117 éducateurs de 23 pays ont reconnu son importance et enseignent déjà ou sont sur le point d'enseigner des compétences en matière d'évaluation ou d'utilisation des preuves dans la prise de décision en matière de conservation. Cela comprend 145 cours de premier cycle, de troisième cycle ou de perfectionnement professionnel. 4. Nous appelons à un enseignement plus large des outils et des compétences qui facilitent la conservation fondée sur des preuves et suggérons également que la fourniture de matériel didactique en ligne dans plusieurs langues pourrait être bénéfique pour améliorer la compréhension globale d'autres domaines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2688-8319 , 2688-8319
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/eso3.v2.1
    DOI: 10.1002/2688-8319.12032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3021448-8
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