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  • 1
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    Neonatal stridor and laryngeal cyst: Which comes first?
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Pediatrics International Vol. 59, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 115-117
    Details
    In: Pediatrics International, Wiley, Vol. 59, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 115-117
    Abstract: Neonatal stridor is a rare condition usually caused by laryngomalacia. Congenital laryngeal cyst represents an uncommon cause of stridor in the neonatal population and may be misinterpreted as laryngomalacia, leading to serious morbidity and mortality if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Herein we report the case of a full‐term infant with stridor, feeding problems and failure to thrive. Initially, direct laryngoscopy diagnosed only laryngomalacia. As stridor worsened, however, and respiratory distress appeared, repeat laryngoscopy showed vallecular laryngeal cyst, visible macroscopically. The patient was successfully treated with endoscopic marsupialization. There was no evidence of recurrence at follow up after 3 months. This case highlights the importance of laryngoscopic assessment for suspected laryngeal abnormalities in infants with stridor. If symptoms worsen, endoscopy should be repeated, because congenital laryngeal cysts may not be immediately visible macroscopically.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1328-8067 , 1442-200X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ped.2017.59.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/ped.13192
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008621-0
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  • 2
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    A novel microplate‐based screening strategy to assess the cellulolytic potential of Trichoderma strains
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol. 107, No. 3 ( 2010-10-15), p. 461-468
    Details
    In: Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Wiley, Vol. 107, No. 3 ( 2010-10-15), p. 461-468
    Abstract: Bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuel requires a hydrolysis step to obtain fermentable sugars, generally accomplished by fungal enzymes. An assorted library of cellulolytic microbial strains should facilitate the development of optimal enzyme cocktails specific for locally available feedstocks. Only a limited number of strains can be simultaneously assayed in screening based on large volume cultivation methods, as in shake flasks. This study describes a miniaturization strategy aimed at allowing parallel assessment of large numbers of fungal strains. Trichoderma strains were cultivated stationary on microcrystalline cellulose using flat bottom 24‐well plates containing an agarized medium. Supernatants obtained by a rapid centrifugation step of the whole culture plates were evaluated for extracellular total cellulase activity, measured as filter paper activity, using a microplate‐based assay. The results obtained were consistent with those observed in shake‐flask experiments and more than 300 Trichoderma strains were accordingly characterized for cellulase production. Five strains, displaying on shake‐flasks at least 80% of the activity shown by the hyper‐cellulolytic mutant Trichoderma Rut‐C30, were correctly recognized by the screening on 24‐well plates, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach. Cellulase activity distribution for the entire Trichoderma collection is also reported. One strain ( T. harzianum Ba8/86) displayed the closest profile to the reference strain Rut‐C30 in time course experiments. The method is scalable and addresses a major bottleneck in screening programs, allowing small‐scale parallel cultivation and rapid supernatant extraction. It can also be easily integrated with high‐throughput enzyme assays and could be suitable for automation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 461–468. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3592 , 1097-0290
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bit.v107:3
    DOI: 10.1002/bit.22816
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480809-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280318-5
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  • 3
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    The relationship between V6 and PO in macaque extrastriate cortex
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2005-02), p. 959-970
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2005-02), p. 959-970
    Abstract: The cerebral cortex of three macaque monkeys, electrophysiologically studied in chronic preparations in order to recognize functionally the medial parieto‐occipital area V6, was reconstructed using the software CARET. Locations of cells recorded from area V6 ( n  = 553) and from neighbouring cortical areas V2/V3 and V6A ( n  = 1341) were displayed on surface‐based reconstructions of individual brains, and on a surface‐based atlas of the macaque cerebral cortex. Results show that area V6 occupies the ventral part and fundus of the parieto‐occipital sulcus, as well as the ventral part of the precuneate cortex. V6 borders areas V2/V3 posteriorly and laterally, and area V6A anteriorly. The visualization of individual cases on a common template (atlas), and the use of atlas datasets, allowed us to compare data coming from different individuals and different laboratories. In particular, a comparison of the location and extent of the medial parieto‐occipital areas V6 and PO indicates that area PO occupies different locations according to different authors but in general includes parts of both areas V6 and V6A. We therefore suggest that the term V6 is a more appropriate designation of the visuotopically‐organized area located on the anterior wall of the parieto‐occipital sulcus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ejn.2005.21.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03911.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 4
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    Intentional signals during saccadic and reaching delays in the human posterior parietal cortex
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 34, No. 11 ( 2011-12), p. 1871-1885
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 11 ( 2011-12), p. 1871-1885
    Abstract: In the monkey posterior parietal cortex (PPC), there is clear evidence of anatomically segregated neuronal populations specialized for planning saccades and arm‐reaching movements. However, functional neuroimaging studies in humans have yielded controversial results. Here we show that the human PPC contains distinct subregions responsive to salient visual cues, some of which combine spatial and action‐related signals into ‘intentional’ signals. Participants underwent event‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing delayed saccades and long‐range arm reaches instructed by visual cues. We focused on activity in the time period following the cue and preceding the actual movement. The use of individual cortical surface reconstructions with detailed sulcal labeling allowed the definition of six responsive regions with distinctive anatomical locations in the PPC. Each region exhibited a distinctive combination of transient and sustained signals during the delay, modulated by either the cue spatial location (contralateral vs. ipsilateral), the instructed action (saccades vs. reaching) or both. Importantly, a lateral and a medial dorsal parietal region showed sustained responses during the delay preferentially for contralateral saccadic and reaching trials, respectively. In the lateral region, preference for saccades was evident only as a more sustained response during saccadic vs. reaching delays, whereas the medial region also showed a higher transient response to cues signaling reaching vs. saccadic actions. These response profiles closely match the behavior of neurons in the macaque lateral and medial intraparietal area, respectively, and suggest that these corresponding human regions are encoding spatially directed action plans or ‘intentions’.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ejn.2011.34.issue-11
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07885.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 5
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    Circulating ILC precursors expressing CD62L exhibit a type 2 signature distinctly decreased in psoriatic patients
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  European Journal of Immunology Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 1792-1798
    Details
    In: European Journal of Immunology, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 1792-1798
    Abstract: Human CD117 + CRTH2 neg innate lymphoid cells (ILC) comprise multipotent precursors (ILCp), which are able to differentiate into subtypes in response to different signals received in peripheral tissues. NKp46 + ILCp have been reported to associate with ILC3 whereas KLRG1 + ILCp with ILC2, although the latter can also generate other ILC subsets, thus, maintaining a substantial plasticity. We here showed that CD62L is expressed by ILCp exclusively within KLRG1 + population and its expression marks a loss of their broad differentiation potential. Analysis of cytokine production and relevant markers demonstrated that CD62L + ILCp mainly differentiate into ILC2 whereas CD62L neg counterpart can also differentiate into other ILC subsets depending on the signals they receive. Remarkably, in peripheral blood of psoriatic patients, where ILC3 are usually enriched, CD62L + ILC were drastically reduced, whereas CD62L neg ILC2 upregulated both RORγt and NKp46, thus, suggesting an ongoing conversion to ILC3. Therefore, CD62L now emerges as a potential marker to identify a skewing toward type 2 among ILCp.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0014-2980 , 1521-4141
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/eji.v51.7
    DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048893
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491907-2
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  • 6
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    Occipital (V6) and parietal (V6A) areas in the anterior wall of the parieto‐occipital sulcus of the macaque: a cytoarchitectonic study
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2005-06), p. 3056-3076
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2005-06), p. 3056-3076
    Abstract: The anterior wall of the parieto‐occipital sulcus (POs) of the macaque monkey, classically considered as part of Brodmann's area 19, contains two functionally distinct areas: a ventral, purely visual area, V6, and a dorsal area, V6A, containing visual neurons and neurons related to the control of arm movements. The aim of this study was to establish whether areas V6 and V6A, so far identified only on a functional basis, have a cytoarchitectonic counterpart. The cytoarchitectonic analysis of 13 hemispheres from ten macaque brains, cut along different planes of section, showed that the anterior wall of the POs contains three distinct areas. One is located in the ventralmost part of the wall, another in the dorsalmost part of the wall, and the third occupies an intermediate position. The ventralmost region displays architectonic features typical of the occipital cytoarchitectonic domain, whereas the two dorsal areas display architectonic features typical of the posterior parietal cortex. Analysis of myeloarchitecture and of the distribution of SMI‐32 immunoreactivity confirmed the cytoarchitectonic parcellation. Correlation of cytoarchitectonic maps with functional and hodological data strongly suggests that the ventral region corresponds to area V6, whereas the other two regions correspond to different subsectors of V6A, here named V6Av and V6Ad, respectively. The present data are in line with electrophysiological and hodological data, which suggest that area V6 is a classic extrastriate area, whereas V6A is an area of the posterior parietal cortex. They also suggest that V6A includes two separate cortical subdivisions, a view supported by preliminary functional and hodological data that needs further confirmation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ejn.2005.21.issue-11
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04149.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 7
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    Brain location and visual topography of cortical area V6A in the macaque monkey
    Wiley ; 1999
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 1999-02), p. 575-582
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 1999-02), p. 575-582
    Abstract: The brain location, extent and functional organization of the cortical visual area V6A was investigated in macaque monkeys by using single cell recording techniques in awake, behaving animals. Six hemispheres of four animals were studied. Area V6A occupies a horseshoe‐like region of cortex in the caudalmost part of the superior parietal lobule. It extends from the medial surface of the brain, through the anterior bank of the parieto‐occipital sulcus, up to the most lateral part of the fundus of the same sulcus. Area V6A borders on areas V6 ventrally, PEc dorsally, PGm medially and MIP laterally. Of 1348 neurons recorded in V6A, 61% were visual and 39% non‐visual in nature. The visual neurons were particularly sensitive to orientation and direction of movement of visual stimuli. The inferior contralateral quadrant was the most represented one. Visual receptive fields were also found in the inferior ipsilateral quadrant and in the upper visual field. Receptive fields were on average smaller in the lower visual field than in the upper one. Both central and peripheral parts of the visual field were represented. Large parts of the visual field were represented in small regions of area V6A, and the same regions of the visual field were re‐represented many times in different parts of this area, without any apparent topographical order. The only reliable sign of retinotopic organization was the predominance of central representation dorsally and far periphery ventrally. The functional organization of area V6A is discussed in the view that this area could be involved in the control of reaching out and grasping objects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00467.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 8
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    The cortical visual area V6: brain location and visual topography
    Wiley ; 1999
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 1999-11), p. 3922-3936
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 1999-11), p. 3922-3936
    Abstract: The brain location and topographical organization of the cortical visual area V6 was studied in five hemispheres of four awake macaque monkeys. Area V6 is located in the caudal aspect of the superior parietal lobule (SPL). It occupies a ‘C’‐shaped belt of cortex whose upper branch is in the depth of the parieto‐occipital sulcus (POS) and lower one is in the depth of the medial parieto‐occipital sulcus (POM), with the medial surface of the brain as a zone of junction between the two branches. Area V6 contains a topographically organized representation of the contralateral visual field up to an eccentricity of at least 80 °. The lower visual field representation is located dorsally, in the ventral part of POS, and the upper field ventrally, in the dorsal wall of POM. The representation of the horizontal meridian forms the posterior border of V6. It is adjacent to area V3 in POS as well as in the caudal part of POM, on the ventral convexity of the brain. The lower vertical meridian forms the anterior border of V6, adjacent to area V6A. The upper vertical meridian is in the depth of POM. The representation of the central visual field is not magnified relative to that of the periphery. The central visual field (below 20–30 ° of eccentricity) is represented in the medial‐most aspect of the annectant gyrus, in the lateral part of the posterior bank of POS. The visuotopic organization of area V6 suggests a role in the analysis of the flow field resulting from self‐motion, in selecting targets during visual searching as well as in the control of arm‐reaching movements towards non‐foveated targets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00817.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 9
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    ‘Arm‐reaching’ neurons in the parietal area V6A of the macaque monkey
    Wiley ; 2001
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2001-06), p. 2309-2313
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2001-06), p. 2309-2313
    Abstract: In previous experiments we have found that several cells of area V6A in the macaque superior parietal lobule were activated by small and stereotyped movements of the arms (C. Galletti, P. Fattori, D. F. Kutz & P. P. Battaglini, Eur. J. Neurosci ., 1997, 9 , 410). This behaviour was not accounted for by retinal information, nor by somatosensory inputs from the arms. We now want to investigate whether V6A neurons are modulated by purposeful movements aimed at reaching visual targets or targets located outside the field of view. V6A neuronal activity was collected while monkeys performed arm movements during an instructed‐delay reaching task in darkness. The task required the animal to reach out for a visual target in the peripersonal space and to bring the hand back to its body. Quantitative analysis of neuronal activity carried out on 55 V6A neurons showed that: (i) the great majority of neurons (71%) was significantly modulated during the execution of arm movements; (ii) 30% of neurons were significantly modulated during preparation of reaching; and (iii) modulations during both execution and preparation of reaching occurred in the absence of any visual feedback and were not due to eye movements. V6A reach‐related neurons could be useful in guiding the hand to reach its target with or without visual feedback.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01618.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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  • 10
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    The cortical connections of area V6: an occipito‐parietal network processing visual information
    Wiley ; 2001
    In:  European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2001-04), p. 1572-1588
    Details
    In: European Journal of Neuroscience, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2001-04), p. 1572-1588
    Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the cortical connections of area V6 by injecting neuronal tracers into different retinotopic representations of this area. To this purpose, we first functionally recognized V6 by recording from neurons of the parieto‐occipital cortex in awake macaque monkeys. Penetrations with recording syringes were performed in the behaving animals in order to inject tracers exactly at the recording sites. The tracers were injected into the central or peripheral field representation of V6 in different hemispheres. Irrespective of whether injections were made in the centre or periphery, area V6 showed reciprocal connections with areas V1, V2, V3, V3A, V4T, the middle temporal area /V5 (MT/V5), the medial superior temporal area (MST), the medial intraparietal area (MIP), the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), the ventral part of the lateral intraparietal area and the ventral part of area V6A (V6A V ). No labelled cells or terminals were found in the inferior temporal, mesial and frontal cortices. The connections of V6 with V1, and with all the retinotopically organized prestriate areas, were organized retinotopically. The connection of V6 with MIP suggests a visuotopic organization for this latter. Labelling in V6A and VIP after either central or peripheral V6 injections was very similar in location and extent, as expected on the basis of the nonretinotopic organization of these areas. We suggest that V6 plays a pivotal role in the dorsal visual stream, by distributing the visual information coming from the occipital lobe to the sensorimotor areas of the parietal cortex. Given the functional characteristics of the cells of this network, we suggest that it could perform the fast form and motion analyses needed for the visual guiding of arm movements as well as their coordination with the eyes and the head.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0953-816X , 1460-9568
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01538.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005178-5
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