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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    bmp15l , figla , smc1bl , and larp6l are preferentially expressed in germ cells in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.)
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Molecular Reproduction and Development Vol. 84, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 76-87
    Details
    In: Molecular Reproduction and Development, Wiley, Vol. 84, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 76-87
    Abstract: Atlantic salmon is a valuable commercial aquaculture species that would benefit economically and environmentally by controlling precocious puberty and preventing escapees from reproducing with wild populations. One solution to both these challenges is the production of sterile individuals by inhibiting the formation of germ cells, but achieving this requires more information on the specific factors that control germ cell formation. Here, we identified and characterized novel factors that are preferentially expressed in Atlantic salmon germ cells by screening for gonad‐specific genes using available adult multi‐tissue transcriptomes. We excluded genes with expression in tissues other than gonads based on quantity of reads, and then a subset of genes was selected for verification in a multi‐tissue PCR screen. Four gonad‐specific genes ( bmp15l , figla , smc1bl , and larp6l ) were chosen for further characterization, namely: germ cell specificity, investigated by comparing mRNA abundance in wild‐type and germ cell‐free gonads by quantitative real‐time PCR, and cellular location, visualized by in situ hybridization. All four genes were expressed in both testis and ovary, and preferentially within the germ cells of both sexes. These genes may be essential players in salmon germ cell development, and could be important for future studies aiming to understand and control reproduction. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 76–87, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-452X , 1098-2795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mrd.v84.1
    DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22755
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
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    Mineralization of the vertebral bodies in A tlantic salmon ( S almo salar L .) is initiated segmentally in the form of hydroxyapatite crystal accretions in the notochord sheath
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Anatomy Vol. 223, No. 2 ( 2013-08), p. 159-170
    Details
    In: Journal of Anatomy, Wiley, Vol. 223, No. 2 ( 2013-08), p. 159-170
    Abstract: We performed a sequential morphological and molecular biological study of the development of the vertebral bodies in A tlantic salmon ( S almo salar L .). Mineralization starts in separate bony elements which fuse to form complete segmental rings within the notochord sheath. The nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite crystals in both the lamellar type II collagen matrix of the notochord sheath and the lamellar type I collagen matrix derived from the sclerotome, were highly similar. In both matrices the hydroxyapatite crystals nucleate and accrete on the surface of the collagen fibrils rather than inside the fibrils, a process that may be controlled by a template imposed by the collagen fibrils. Apatite crystal growth starts with the formation of small plate‐like structures, about 5 nm thick, that gradually grow and aggregate to form extensive multi‐branched crystal arborizations, resembling dendritic growth. The hydroxyapatite crystals are always oriented parallel to the long axis of the collagen fibrils, and the lamellar collagen matrices provide oriented support for crystal growth. We demonstrate here for the first time by means of synchroton radiation based on X‐ray diffraction that the chordacentra contain hydroxyapatite. We employed quantitative real‐time PCR to study the expression of key signalling molecule transcripts expressed in the cellular core of the notochord. The results indicate that the notochord not only produces and maintains the notochord sheath but also expresses factors known to regulate skeletogenesis: sonic hedgehog ( shh ), indian hedgehog homolog b ( ihhb ), parathyroid hormone 1 receptor ( pth1r ) and transforming growth factor beta 1 ( tgfb1 ). In conclusion, our study provides evidence for the process of vertebral body development in teleost fishes, which is initially orchestrated by the notochord.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8782 , 1469-7580
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/joa.2013.223.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/joa.12067
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474856-3
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  • 3
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    A comparison between egg trancriptomes of cod and salmon reveals species-specific traits in eggs for each species : COMPARISON OF EGG TRANCRIPTOMES FROM COD AND SALMON
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Molecular Reproduction and Development Vol. 82, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 397-404
    Details
    In: Molecular Reproduction and Development, Wiley, Vol. 82, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 397-404
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22487
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1493888-1
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  • 4
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    Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Evolutionary Applications Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 446-461
    Details
    In: Evolutionary Applications, Wiley, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 446-461
    Abstract: Most Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) populations follow an anadromous life cycle, spending early life in freshwater, migrating to the sea for feeding, and returning to rivers to spawn. At the end of the last ice age ~10,000 years ago, several populations of Atlantic salmon became landlocked. Comparing their genomes to their anadromous counterparts can help identify genetic variation related to either freshwater residency or anadromy. The objective of this study was to identify consistently divergent loci between anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon strains throughout their geographical distribution, with the long‐term aim of identifying traits relevant for salmon aquaculture, including fresh and seawater growth, omega‐3 metabolism, smoltification, and disease resistance. We used a Pool‐seq approach ( n  = 10–40 individuals per population) to sequence the genomes of twelve anadromous and six landlocked Atlantic salmon populations covering a large part of the Northern Hemisphere and conducted a genomewide association study to identify genomic regions having been under different selection pressure in landlocked and anadromous strains. A total of 28 genomic regions were identified and included cadm1 on Chr 13 and ppargc1a on Chr 18. Seven of the regions additionally displayed consistently reduced heterozygosity in fish obtained from landlocked populations, including the genes gpr132 , cdca4, and sertad2 on Chr 15. We also found 16 regions, including igf1 on Chr 17, which consistently display reduced heterozygosity in the anadromous populations compared to the freshwater populations, indicating relaxed selection on traits associated with anadromy in landlocked salmon. In conclusion, we have identified 37 regions which may harbor genetic variation relevant for improving fish welfare and quality in the salmon farming industry and for understanding life‐history traits in fish.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-4571 , 1752-4571
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/eva.v14.2
    DOI: 10.1111/eva.13129
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2405496-3
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  • 5
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    Genomic divergence between the migratory and stationary ecotypes of A tlantic cod
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 22, No. 20 ( 2013-10), p. 5098-5111
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 20 ( 2013-10), p. 5098-5111
    Abstract: Atlantic cod displays a range of phenotypic and genotypic variations, which includes the differentiation into coastal stationary and offshore migratory types of cod that co‐occur in several parts of its distribution range and are often sympatric on the spawning grounds. Differentiation of these ecotypes may involve both historical separation and adaptation to ecologically distinct environments, the genetic basis of which is now beginning to be unravelled. Genomic analyses based on recent sequencing advances are able to document genomic divergence in more detail and may facilitate the exploration of causes and consequences of genome‐wide patterns. We examined genomic divergence between the stationary and migratory types of cod in the Northeast Atlantic, using next‐generation sequencing of pooled DNA from each of two population samples. Sequence data was mapped to the published cod genome sequence, arranged in more than 6000 scaffolds (611 Mb). We identified 25 divergent scaffolds (26 Mb) with a higher than average gene density, against a backdrop of overall moderate genomic differentiation. Previous findings of localized genomic divergence in three linkage groups were confirmed, including a large (15 Mb) genomic region, which seems to be uniquely involved in the divergence of migratory and stationary cod. The results of the pooled sequencing approach support and extend recent findings based on single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers and suggest a high degree of reproductive isolation between stationary and migratory cod in the North‐east Atlantic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2013.22.issue-20
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.12454
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
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  • 6
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    Illuminating the planktonic stages of salmon lice: A unique fluorescence signal for rapid identification of a rare copepod in zooplankton assemblages
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Fish Diseases Vol. 44, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 863-879
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish Diseases, Wiley, Vol. 44, No. 7 ( 2021-07), p. 863-879
    Abstract: Monitoring of planktonic salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis salmonis ) abundance and parameterization of key life‐history traits has been hindered by labour‐intensive and error‐prone quantification using traditional light microscopy. Fluorescence illumination has been proposed as a means of improving visualization, but prior to this study adequate investigation of the relevant fluorescence profiles and measurement conditions has not been undertaken. We investigated the fluorescence profiles of L. salmonis and non‐target copepod spp. with excitation and emission matrices (200–600 nm) and identified unique fluorescence signals. Fluorescence microscopy using excitation wavelengths of 470 ± 40 nm, and emission wavelengths of 525 ± 50 nm, showed that after 90 days of formalin storage salmon lice have a mean fluorescence intensity that is 2.4 times greater than non‐target copepods (copepodid and adult stages). A 7‐day heat treatment of 42°C in formalin increased the difference between salmon louse copepodids and non‐target copepods to a factor of 3.6, eliminating the need for prolonged storage. Differences in the fluorescence signal and endogenous fluorophores were investigated with respect to variation in sea lice species, age, stage and host fish origin. Under the conditions outlined in this paper, the fluorescence signal was found to be a reliable means of visualizing and differentiating salmon lice from non‐target zooplankters. Adaptation of the fluorescence signal would greatly expedite traditional methods of enumerating salmon louse larvae in plankton samples and could provide a means of automated detection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0140-7775 , 1365-2761
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfd.v44.7
    DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13345
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 432109-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020444-9
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 7
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    The Utilization of the Acyl‐CoA and the Involvement PDAT and DGAT in the Biosynthesis of Erucic Acid‐Rich Triacylglycerols in Crambe Seed Oil
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Lipids Vol. 49, No. 4 ( 2014-04), p. 327-333
    Details
    In: Lipids, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 4 ( 2014-04), p. 327-333
    Abstract: The triacylglycerol of Crambe abyssinica seeds consist of 95 % very long chain ( 〉 18 carbon) fatty acids (86 % erucic acid; 22:1 ∆13 ) in the sn ‐1 and sn ‐3 positions. This would suggest that C. abyssinica triacylglycerols are not formed by the action of the phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT), but are rather the results of acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) activity. However, measurements of PDAT and DGAT activities in microsomal membranes showed that C. abyssinica has significant PDAT activity, corresponding to about 10 % of the DGAT activity during periods of rapid seed oil accumulation. The specific activity of DGAT for erucoyl‐CoA had doubled at 19 days after flowering compared to earlier developmental stages, and was, at that stage, the preferred acyl donor, whereas the activities for 16:0‐CoA and 18:1‐CoA remained constant. This indicates that an expression of an isoform of DGAT with high specificity for erucoyl‐CoA is induced at the onset of rapid erucic acid and oil accumulation in the C. abyssinica seeds. Analysis of the composition of the acyl‐CoA pool during different stages of seed development showed that the percentage of erucoyl groups in acyl‐CoA was much higher than in complex lipids at all stages of seed development except in the desiccation phase. These results are in accordance with published results showing that the rate limiting step in erucic acid accumulation in C. abyssinica oil is the utilization of erucoyl‐CoA by the acyltransferases in the glycerol‐3‐phosphate pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-4201 , 1558-9307
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3886-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030265-4
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  • 8
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    Dynamic expression of Wnt signaling-related Dickkopf1, -2, and -3 mRNAs in the developing mouse tooth
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  Developmental Dynamics Vol. 233, No. 1 ( 2005-05), p. 161-166
    Details
    In: Developmental Dynamics, Wiley, Vol. 233, No. 1 ( 2005-05), p. 161-166
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-8388 , 1097-0177
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.v233:1
    DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0177
    DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20285
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473797-8
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  • 9
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    Global transcriptome analysis identifies regulated transcripts and pathways activated during oogenesis and early embryogenesis in atlantic cod
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Molecular Reproduction and Development Vol. 81, No. 7 ( 2014-07), p. 619-635
    Details
    In: Molecular Reproduction and Development, Wiley, Vol. 81, No. 7 ( 2014-07), p. 619-635
    Abstract: The molecular mechanisms underlying oogenesis and maternally controlled embryogenesis in fish are not fully understood, especially in marine species. Our aim was to study the egg and embryo transcriptome during oogenesis and early embryogenesis in Atlantic cod. Follicles from oogenesis stages (pre‐, early‐, and late‐vitellogenic), ovulated eggs, and two embryonic stages (blastula, gastrula) were collected from broodstock fish and fertilized eggs. Gene expression profiles were measured in a 44 K oligo microarray consisting of 23,000 cod genes. Hundreds of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the follicle stages investigated, implicating a continuous accumulation and degradation of polyadenylated transcripts throughout oogenesis. Very few DEGs were identified from ovulated egg to blastula, showing a more stable maternal RNA pool in early embryonic stages. The highest induction of expression was observed between blastula and gastrula, signifying the onset of zygotic transcription. During early vitellogenesis, several of the most upregulated genes are linked to nervous system signaling, suggesting increasing requirements for ovarian synaptic signaling to stimulate the rapid growth of oocytes. Highly upregulated genes during late vitellogenesis are linked to protein processing, fat metabolism, osmoregulation, and arrested meiosis. One of the genes with the highest upregulation in the ovulated egg is involved in oxidative phosphorylation, reflecting increased energy requirements during fertilization and the first rapid cell divisions of early embryogenesis. In conclusion, this study provides a large‐scale presentation of the Atlantic cod's maternally controlled transcriptome in ovarian follicles through oogenesis, ovulated eggs, and early embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev . 81: 619–635, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-452X , 1098-2795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mrd.v81.7
    DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22328
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1493888-1
    SSG: 12
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