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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease: Magnetic resonance imaging study
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Movement Disorders Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2013-06), p. 832-836
    Details
    In: Movement Disorders, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2013-06), p. 832-836
    Abstract: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder has poor prognostic implications for Parkinson's disease. The authors recruited 124 patients with early Parkinson's disease to compare clinical and neuroimaging findings based on the presence of this sleep disorder. Methods The presence of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder was assessed with the Mayo Sleep Questionnaire. Magnetic resonance imaging sequences were obtained for voxel‐based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging. Results Patients with sleep disorder had more advanced disease, but groups had similar clinical characteristics and cognitive performance. Those with sleep disorder had areas of reduced cortical grey matter volume and white matter changes compared with those who did not have sleep disorder. However, differences were slight and were not significant when the analyses were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Conclusions Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder was associated with subtle changes in white matter integrity and grey matter volume in patients with early Parkinson's disease. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3185 , 1531-8257
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mds.v28.6
    DOI: 10.1002/mds.25367
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 2
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    The Healthy Heart‐Mind Trial: Randomized Controlled Trial of Melatonin for Prevention of Delirium
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Vol. 68, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 112-119
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Wiley, Vol. 68, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 112-119
    Abstract: Delirium is a serious medical condition with increased incidence in at‐risk surgical populations. We sought to determine if melatonin use reduces the incidence of delirium in individuals undergoing major cardiac surgery. DESIGN Randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial (two arms, 1:1 allocation, parallel design). SETTING The trial took place in two metropolitan hospitals (public tertiary and private) in Perth, Western Australia. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 210 adults aged 50 years or older who were due to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting or valve replacement surgery. INTERVENTION Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to 7 days of treatment with melatonin 3 mg at night or matching placebo, starting 2 days before the surgery. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome of interest was incident delirium within 7 days of surgery as assessed via daily clinical assessment that included the Confusion Assessment Method. Secondary outcomes of interest included duration and severity of delirium, length of hospital stay, cognitive function, and mood and anxiety symptoms at discharge and 3 months after the surgery. RESULTS The groups were well balanced for demographic and clinical parameters. Forty‐two participants developed delirium, but it was evenly distributed between the groups (melatonin 21/98, 21.4%; placebo 21/104, 20.2%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] = .78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .35‐1.75). The median duration of delirium was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] = 2‐4) and 2 (IQR = 1‐3) days for people treated with melatonin and placebo, respectively ( z = −1.03; P = .304). A similar proportion of participants experienced severe episodes of delirium in each group (melatonin 9/21, 42.9% vs placebo 6/21, 28.6%; χ 2 = .93; P = .334; adjusted OR = 1.98; 95% CI = .40‐9.78). The groups did not differ in terms of length of stay, mood, anxiety, and cognitive performance. CONCLUSION The findings of this randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial do not support the prophylactic use of melatonin to prevent delirium after major cardiac surgery. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:112–119, 2019
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-8614 , 1532-5415
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgs.v68.1
    DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16162
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
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    Hearing loss and incident psychosis in later life: The Health in Men Study (HIMS)
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2019-03), p. 408-414
    Details
    In: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2019-03), p. 408-414
    Abstract: To determine if hearing loss is associated with increased risk of incident psychosis in later life. Methods Longitudinal cohort study of a community‐representative sample of 38 173 men aged 65 to 85 years at the start of the follow‐up period of 18 years. We used the Western Australian Data Linkage System to ascertain the presence of hearing loss and of psychotic disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) (versions 8, 9, and 10). We also collected information on concurrent morbidities: cancer and diseases of the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and renal systems. Results One thousand four hundred forty‐two (3.8%) and 464 (1.2%) men had a recorded diagnosis of hearing loss and psychosis at the start of follow‐up. After excluding the 464 participants with prevalent psychosis, 37 709 men were available for the longitudinal study, and of these, 252 (0.7%) developed a psychotic disorder. Competing risk regression showed that hearing loss was associated incident psychosis (subhazard ratio = 2.03, 95% CI, 1.24‐3.32; after statistical adjustment for age and concurrent morbidities). Conclusions Hearing loss is associated with double the risk of incident psychosis in older men. Available evidence suggests that this link could be causal, although conclusive evidence is still missing from randomized controlled trials designed to test the effect of correction of hearing loss on the prevalence and incidence of psychosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-6230 , 1099-1166
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/gps.v34.3
    DOI: 10.1002/gps.5028
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500455-7
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  • 4
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    Memory loss
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Medical Journal of Australia Vol. 196, No. 2 ( 2012-02), p. 114-117
    Details
    In: Medical Journal of Australia, Wiley, Vol. 196, No. 2 ( 2012-02), p. 114-117
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-729X , 1326-5377
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5694/mja2.2012.196.issue-2
    DOI: 10.5694/mja11.11399
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2035730-8
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  • 5
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    Analytical techniques for the estimation of sulphite binding components in ciders and wines
    Wiley ; 2000
    In:  International Journal of Food Science & Technology Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2000-02), p. 105-112
    Details
    In: International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2000-02), p. 105-112
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-5423 , 1365-2621
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2621.2000.0367e.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016518-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2401430-8
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  • 6
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    A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of Carex (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Systematics and Evolution Vol. 57, No. 6 ( 2019-11), p. 695-718
    Details
    In: Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 57, No. 6 ( 2019-11), p. 695-718
    Abstract: The megadiverse genus Carex (c. 2000 species, Cyperaceae) has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, displaying an inverted latitudinal richness gradient with higher species diversity in cold‐temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Despite great expansion in our knowledge of the phylogenetic history of the genus and many molecular studies focusing on the biogeography of particular groups during the last few decades, a global analysis of Carex biogeography and diversification is still lacking. For this purpose, we built the hitherto most comprehensive Carex‐ dated phylogeny based on three markers (ETS–ITS– matK ), using a previous phylogenomic Hyb‐Seq framework, and a sampling of two‐thirds of its species and all recognized sections. Ancestral area reconstruction, biogeographic stochastic mapping, and diversification rate analyses were conducted to elucidate macroevolutionary biogeographic and diversification patterns. Our results reveal that Carex originated in the late Eocene in E Asia, where it probably remained until the synchronous diversification of its main subgeneric lineages during the late Oligocene. E Asia is supported as the cradle of Carex diversification, as well as a “museum” of extant species diversity. Subsequent “out‐of‐Asia” colonization patterns feature multiple asymmetric dispersals clustered toward present times among the Northern Hemisphere regions, with major regions acting both as source and sink (especially Asia and North America), as well as several independent colonization events of the Southern Hemisphere. We detected 13 notable diversification rate shifts during the last 10 My, including remarkable radiations in North America and New Zealand, which occurred concurrently with the late Neogene global cooling, which suggests that diversification involved the colonization of new areas and expansion into novel areas of niche space.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1674-4918 , 1759-6831
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jse.v57.6
    DOI: 10.1111/jse.12549
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
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    SSG: 6,25
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
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    A framework infrageneric classification of Carex (Cyperaceae) and its organizing principles
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Systematics and Evolution Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2021-07), p. 726-762
    Details
    In: Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2021-07), p. 726-762
    Abstract: Phylogenetic studies of Carex L. (Cyperaceae) have consistently demonstrated that most subgenera and sections are para‐ or polyphyletic. Yet, taxonomists continue to use subgenera and sections in Carex classification. Why? The Global Carex Group (GCG) here takes the position that the historical and continued use of subgenera and sections serves to (i) organize our understanding of lineages in Carex , (ii) create an identification mechanism to break the ~2000 species of Carex into manageable groups and stimulate its study, and (iii) provide a framework to recognize morphologically diagnosable lineages within Carex . Unfortunately, the current understanding of phylogenetic relationships in Carex is not yet sufficient for a global reclassification of the genus within a Linnean infrageneric (sectional) framework. Rather than leaving Carex classification in its current state, which is misleading and confusing, we here take the intermediate steps of implementing the recently revised subgeneric classification and using a combination of informally named clades and formally named sections to reflect the current state of our knowledge. This hybrid classification framework is presented in an order corresponding to a linear arrangement of the clades on a ladderized phylogeny, largely based on the recent phylogenies published by the GCG. It organizes Carex into six subgenera, which are, in turn, subdivided into 62 formally named Linnean sections plus 49 informal groups. This framework will serve as a roadmap for research on Carex phylogeny, enabling further development of a complete reclassification by presenting relevant morphological and geographical information on clades where possible and standardizing the use of formal sectional names.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1674-4918 , 1759-6831
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jse.v59.4
    DOI: 10.1111/jse.12722
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516638-4
    SSG: 6,25
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Conservation Biology Vol. 35, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1833-1849
    Details
    In: Conservation Biology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 1833-1849
    Abstract: Reconociendo que era imperativo evaluar la recuperación de especies y el impacto de la conservación, la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) convocó en 2012 al desarrollo de una “Lista Verde de Especies” (ahora el Estatus Verde de las Especies de la UICN). Un marco de referencia preliminar de una Lista Verde de Especies para evaluar el progreso de las especies hacia la recuperación, publicado en 2018, proponía 2 componentes separados pero interconectados: un método estandarizado (i.e., medición en relación con puntos de referencia de la viabilidad de especies, funcionalidad y distribución antes del impacto) para determinar el estatus de recuperación actual ( puntuación de recuperación de la especie ) y la aplicación de ese método para estimar impactos en el pasado y potenciales de conservación basados en 4 medidas ( legado de conservación, dependencia de conservación, ganancia de conservación y potencial de recuperación ). Probamos el marco de referencia con 181 especies representantes de diversos taxa, historias de vida, biomas, y categorías (riesgo de extinción) en la Lista Roja de la IUCN. Con base en la distribución observada de la puntuación de recuperación de las especies, proponemos las siguientes categorías de recuperación de la especie : totalmente recuperada, ligeramente mermada, moderadamente mermada, mayormente mermada, gravemente mermada, extinta en estado silvestre, e inderterminada. Cincuenta y nueve por ciento de las especies se consideraron mayormente o gravemente mermada. Aunque hubo una relación negativa entre el riesgo de extinción y la puntuación de recuperación de la especie, la variación fue considerable. Algunas especies en las categorías de riesgo bajas fueron evaluadas como más lejos de recuperarse que aquellas con alto riesgo. Esto enfatiza que la recuperación de especies es diferente conceptualmente al riesgo de extinción y refuerza la utilidad del Estado Verde de las Especies de la UICN para comprender integralmente el estatus de conservación de especies. Aunque el riesgo de extinción no predijo el legado de conservación, la dependencia de conservación o la ganancia de conservación, se correlacionó positivamente con la potencial de recuperación. Solo 1.7% de las especies probadas fue categorizado como cero en los 4 indicadores de impacto de la conservación , lo que indica que la conservación ha jugado, o jugará, un papel en la mejoría o mantenimiento del estatus de la especie la gran mayoría de ellas. Con base en nuestros resultados, diseñamos una versión actualizada del marco de referencia para la evaluación que introduce la opción de utilizar una línea de base dinámica para evaluar los impactos futuros de la conservación en el corto plazo y redefine corto plazo como 10 años.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0888-8892 , 1523-1739
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cobi.v35.6
    DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020041-9
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  • 9
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    Geographic and temporal dynamics of a global radiation and diversification in the killer whale
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2015-08), p. 3964-3979
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2015-08), p. 3964-3979
    Abstract: Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habitat during the glacial cycles, causing range expansions and contractions in some species. These dynamics have played a major role in geographic radiations, diversification and speciation. We investigate these dynamics in the most widely distributed of marine mammals, the killer whale ( Orcinus orca ), using a global data set of over 450 samples. This marine top predator inhabits coastal and pelagic ecosystems ranging from the ice edge to the tropics, often exhibiting ecological, behavioural and morphological variation suggestive of local adaptation accompanied by reproductive isolation. Results suggest a rapid global radiation occurred over the last 350 000 years. Based on habitat models, we estimated there was only a 15% global contraction of core suitable habitat during the last glacial maximum, and the resources appeared to sustain a constant global effective female population size throughout the Late Pleistocene. Reconstruction of the ancestral phylogeography highlighted the high mobility of this species, identifying 22 strongly supported long‐range dispersal events including interoceanic and interhemispheric movement. Despite this propensity for geographic dispersal, the increased sampling of this study uncovered very few potential examples of ancestral dispersal among ecotypes. Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial data further confirms genetic cohesiveness, with little or no current gene flow among sympatric ecotypes. Taken as a whole, our data suggest that the glacial cycles influenced local populations in different ways, with no clear global pattern, but with secondary contact among lineages following long‐range dispersal as a potential mechanism driving ecological diversification.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2015.24.issue-15
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.13284
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
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  • 10
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    Glutathione Protects the Developing Heart from Defects and Global DNA Hypomethylation Induced by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol. 45, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 69-78
    Details
    In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 69-78
    Abstract: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is caused by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), the intake of ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) during pregnancy. Features of FASD cover a range of structural and functional defects including congenital heart defects (CHDs). Folic acid and choline, contributors of methyl groups to one‐carbon metabolism (OCM), prevent CHDs in humans. Using our avian model of FASD, we have previously reported that betaine, another methyl donor downstream of choline, prevents CHDs. The CHD preventions are substantial but incomplete. Ethanol causes oxidative stress as well as depleting methyl groups for OCM to support DNA methylation and other epigenetic alterations. To identify more compounds that can safely and effectively prevent CHDs and other effects of PAE, we tested glutathione (GSH), a compound that regulates OCM and is known as a “master antioxidant.” Methods/Results Quail embryos injected with a single dose of ethanol at gastrulation exhibited congenital defects including CHDs similar to those identified in FASD individuals. GSH injected simultaneously with ethanol not only prevented CHDs, but also improved survival and prevented other PAE‐induced defects. Assays of hearts at 8 days (HH stage 34) of quail development, when the heart normally has developed 4‐chambers, showed that this single dose of PAE reduced global DNA methylation. GSH supplementation concurrent with PAE normalized global DNA methylation levels. The same assays performed on quail hearts at 3 days (HH stage 19‐20) of development, showed no difference in global DNA methylation between controls, ethanol‐treated, GSH alone, and GSH plus ethanol‐treated cohorts. Conclusions GSH supplementation shows promise to inhibit effects of PAE by improving survival, reducing the incidence of morphological defects including CHDs, and preventing global hypomethylation of DNA in heart tissues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-6008 , 1530-0277
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.v45.1
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.14511
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046886-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167872-5
    SSG: 15,3
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