GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metabolic syndrome and alanine aminotransferase: a global perspective from the NAVIGATOR screening population
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Diabetic Medicine Vol. 26, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 1204-1211
    Details
    In: Diabetic Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 1204-1211
    Abstract: Aims  Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and may be an expression of the syndrome within the liver. Using screening data from the Nateglinide And Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) study ( n  = 42 149), we examined whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a biomarker for NAFLD, clustered with features of MetS and whether the clusters differed across global geographic regions. Methods  Exploratory factor analysis using principle components analysis was applied to data drawn from the NAVIGATOR screening population ( n  = 41 111). Demographic data, anthropomorphic measurements and blood pressure (BP) collected during the screening visit, as well as blood samples analysed for ALT, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein, and fasting and 2‐h glucose measures after an oral glucose tolerance test were used for our analysis. Results  Two factors, interpreted as lipid (Factor 1), and BP/obesity (Factor 2) were identified, explaining approximately 50% of the variance in the overall population. Similar patterns of aggregation were reproducible across all geographic regions except Asia, where fasting glucose loaded more consistently on Factor 1. ALT loaded with mean arterial pressure, fasting glucose and waist circumference except in Asia, where it loaded only with mean arterial pressure and waist circumference. Conclusions  ALT aggregated with components of MetS, and the pattern of aggregation of ALT with other features of MetS was similar across regions except Asia, possibly indicating a different pathophysiology for NAFLD in Asia. Predictive models of NAFLD may need to be adjusted for regional and ethnic differences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0742-3071 , 1464-5491
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.2009.26.issue-12
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02864.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019647-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modelling incremental benefits on complications rates when targeting lower HbA 1c levels in people with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Diabetic Medicine Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 72-77
    Details
    In: Diabetic Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 72-77
    Abstract: Randomized controlled trials of glucose lowering in Type 2 diabetes mellitus have demonstrated benefits on reducing micro‐ and macrovascular complication rates. Few data, however, exist to quantify the degree of benefit that might be gained from targeting different HbA 1c reductions. We simulated complication rates using a validated clinical prediction model to estimate the benefits of targeting progressively lower HbA 1c levels, starting from a baseline of 10.0%. These simulated results demonstrate the independent contribution that HbA 1c exerts on microvascular and macrovascular complications, and estimate the degree of benefit that might be gained by targeting specific HbA 1c reductions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0742-3071 , 1464-5491
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.2018.35.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.13533
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019647-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical activity as a determinant of fasting and 2‐h post‐challenge glucose: a prospective cohort analysis of the NAVIGATOR trial
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Diabetic Medicine Vol. 32, No. 8 ( 2015-08), p. 1090-1096
    Details
    In: Diabetic Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 8 ( 2015-08), p. 1090-1096
    Abstract: This is the first study to investigate the prospective relationship of daily step count, as measured by a pedometer, with fasting and 2‐h post‐challenge glucose in an international clinical trial. Recent history of physical activity was weakly related to 2‐h glucose in those with a high risk of Type 2 diabetes after taking into account the trajectory of 2‐h glucose established in the preceding 3 years. A 100% increase in daily step count was associated with a 0.9% reduction in 2‐h post‐challenge glucose. There was no association for fasting glucose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0742-3071 , 1464-5491
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.2015.32.issue-8
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.12762
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019647-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regional, age and sex differences in baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the T rial E valuating C ardiovascular O utcomes with S itagliptin ( TECOS )
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2015-04), p. 395-402
    Details
    In: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2015-04), p. 395-402
    Abstract: To report baseline characteristics and cardiovascular ( CV ) risk management by region, age, sex and CV event type for 14 724 participants in the T rial E valuating C ardiovascular O utcomes with S itagliptin ( TECOS ), a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial exploring whether sitagliptin added to usual type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) care affects time to first event in the composite endpoint of CV death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction ( MI ), non‐fatal stroke or unstable angina hospitalization. Methods TECOS enrolled patients aged ≥50 years, with T2DM and CV disease from 38 countries in five regions: N orth A merica, E astern E urope, W estern E urope, A sia P acific and L atin A merica. Participants had a glycated haemoglobin concentration of 6.5–8.0% (48–64 mmol/mol) and were receiving oral and/or insulin‐based antihyperglycaemic therapy. Analysis of variance or logistic regression was used to compare regional CV risk factors and treatments, referenced to N orth A merica. Results Patients had a mean [1 standard deviation (SD)] age of 66 (8) years, a median (interquartile range) diabetes duration of 9.4 (4.9, 15.3) years, and a mean (SD) body mass index 30.2 (5.7) kg/m 2 . Compared with N orth A merica, blood pressure and lipids were higher in all regions. Statin use was lowest in L atin A merica (68%) and E astern E urope (70%) and aspirin use was lower compared with N orth A merica in all regions except A sia P acific. Achievement of treatment targets did not differ by age group or insulin usage, but men and participants with previous MI were more likely than women or those with previous stroke or peripheral arterial disease to reach most treatment goals. Conclusion The CV risk factors of participants in TECOS are reasonably controlled, but differences in CV risk management according to region, sex and history of disease exist. This diversity will enhance the generalizability of the trial results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-8902 , 1463-1326
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.2015.17.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.12441
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004918-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pharmacological interventions for preventing or delaying onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 231-244
    Details
    In: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 231-244
    Abstract: Prevention or delay of onset of type 2 diabetes in individuals at varying risk across the dysglycaemia continuum before overt diabetes becomes clinically manifest constitutes a leading objective of global disease prevention schemes. Pharmacological intervention has been suggested as a means to help prevent diabetes and reduce the global burden of this chronic condition. However, there is no credible evidence that early pharmacological intervention leads to long‐term benefit in reducing diabetes‐related complications or preventing early mortality, compared to treating people with diagnosed diabetes who have crossed the glycaemic threshold. In this review, we examine published evidence from trials using pharmacological agents to delay or prevent progression to diabetes. We also explore the benefit/risk impact of such therapies, safety issues and relevant off‐target effects. Current evidence suggests none of the drugs currently available sustainably lower cumulative diabetes incidence, none provides a durable delay in diabetes diagnosis and none provides a convincing concomitant excess benefit for microvascular or macrovascular risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-8902 , 1463-1326
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.2015.17.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.12401
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004918-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prediction and validation of exenatide risk marker effects on progression of renal disease: Insights from EXSCEL
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 798-806
    Details
    In: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 798-806
    Abstract: To assess whether the previously developed multivariable risk prediction framework (PRE score) could predict the renal effects observed in the EXSCEL cardiovascular outcomes trial using short‐term changes in cardio‐renal risk markers. Materials and Methods Changes from baseline to 6 months in HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), haemoglobin, total cholesterol, and new micro‐ or macroalbuminuria were evaluated. The renal outcomes were defined as a composite of a sustained 30% or 40% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). Relationships between risk markers and long‐term renal outcomes were determined in patients with type 2 diabetes from the ALTITUDE study using multivariable Cox regression analysis, and then applied to short‐term changes in risk markers observed in EXSCEL to predict the exenatide‐induced impact on renal outcomes. Results Compared with placebo, mean HbA1c, BMI, SBP and total cholesterol were lower at 6 months with exenatide, as was the incidence of new microalbuminuria. The PRE score predicted a relative risk reduction for the 30% eGFR decline + ESRD endpoint of 11.3% (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83–0.94), compared with 12.7% (HR 0.87; 0.77–0.99) observed risk reduction. For the 40% eGFR decline + ESRD endpoint, the predicted and observed risk reductions were 11.0% (HR 0.89; 0.82–0.97) and 13.7% (HR 0.86, 0.72–1.04), respectively. Conclusions Integrating short‐term risk marker changes into a multivariable risk score predicted the magnitude of renal risk reduction observed in EXSCEL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-8902 , 1463-1326
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.v22.5
    DOI: 10.1111/dom.13958
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004918-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Randomized controlled trial comparing impact on platelet reactivity of twice‐daily with once‐daily aspirin in people with Type 2 diabetes
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Diabetic Medicine Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 224-230
    Details
    In: Diabetic Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 224-230
    Abstract: Aspirin is an established intervention for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but has a relative lack of efficacy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes. This study demonstrates that aspirin 100 mg given twice daily was more effective in reducing platelet reactivity than 100 mg given once daily. These data should help inform the design of future large‐scale trials evaluating the potential risks and benefits of aspirin for primary cardiovascular prevention in people with Type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0742-3071 , 1464-5491
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.2016.33.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/dme.12828
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019647-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecological regime shift drives declining growth rates of sea turtles throughout the West Atlantic
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2017-11), p. 4556-4568
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2017-11), p. 4556-4568
    Abstract: Somatic growth is an integrated, individual‐based response to environmental conditions, especially in ectotherms. Growth dynamics of large, mobile animals are particularly useful as bio‐indicators of environmental change at regional scales. We assembled growth rate data from throughout the West Atlantic for green turtles, Chelonia mydas , which are long‐lived, highly migratory, primarily herbivorous mega‐consumers that may migrate over hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Our dataset, the largest ever compiled for sea turtles, has 9690 growth increments from 30 sites from Bermuda to Uruguay from 1973 to 2015. Using generalized additive mixed models, we evaluated covariates that could affect growth rates; body size, diet, and year have significant effects on growth. Growth increases in early years until 1999, then declines by 26% to 2015. The temporal (year) effect is of particular interest because two carnivorous species of sea turtles—hawksbills, Eretmochelys imbricata, and loggerheads, Caretta caretta —exhibited similar significant declines in growth rates starting in 1997 in the West Atlantic, based on previous studies. These synchronous declines in productivity among three sea turtle species across a trophic spectrum provide strong evidence that an ecological regime shift ( ERS ) in the Atlantic is driving growth dynamics. The ERS resulted from a synergy of the 1997/1998 El Niño Southern Oscillation ( ENSO )—the strongest on record—combined with an unprecedented warming rate over the last two to three decades. Further support is provided by the strong correlations between annualized mean growth rates of green turtles and both sea surface temperatures ( SST ) in the West Atlantic for years of declining growth rates ( r  = −.94) and the Multivariate ENSO Index ( MEI ) for all years ( r  = .74). Granger‐causality analysis also supports the latter finding. We discuss multiple stressors that could reinforce and prolong the effect of the ERS . This study demonstrates the importance of region‐wide collaborations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.2017.23.issue-11
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13712
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical predictors of donor antibody titre and correlation with recipient antibody response in a COVID‐19 convalescent plasma clinical trial
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 289, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 559-573
    Details
    In: Journal of Internal Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 289, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 559-573
    Abstract: Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID‐19 relies on transfer of anti‐viral antibody from donors to recipients via plasma transfusion. The relationship between clinical characteristics and antibody response to COVID‐19 is not well defined. We investigated predictors of convalescent antibody production and quantified recipient antibody response in a convalescent plasma therapy clinical trial. Methods Multivariable analysis of clinical and serological parameters in 103 confirmed COVID‐19 convalescent plasma donors 28 days or more following symptom resolution was performed. Mixed‐effects regression models with piecewise linear trends were used to characterize serial antibody responses in 10 convalescent plasma recipients with severe COVID‐19. Results Donor antibody titres ranged from 0 to 1 : 3892 (anti‐receptor binding domain (RBD)) and 0 to 1 : 3289 (anti‐spike). Higher anti‐RBD and anti‐spike titres were associated with increased age, hospitalization for COVID‐19, fever and absence of myalgia (all P   〈  0.05). Fatigue was significantly associated with anti‐RBD ( P  = 0.03). In pairwise comparison amongst ABO blood types, AB donors had higher anti‐RBD and anti‐spike than O donors ( P   〈  0.05). No toxicity was associated with plasma transfusion. Non‐ECMO recipient anti‐RBD antibody titre increased on average 31% per day during the first three days post‐transfusion ( P  = 0.01) and anti‐spike antibody titre by 40.3% ( P  = 0.02). Conclusion Advanced age, fever, absence of myalgia, fatigue, blood type and hospitalization were associated with higher convalescent antibody titre to COVID‐19. Despite variability in donor titre, 80% of convalescent plasma recipients showed significant increase in antibody levels post‐transfusion. A more complete understanding of the dose‐response effect of plasma transfusion amongst COVID‐19‐infected patients is needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-6820 , 1365-2796
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/joim.v289.4
    DOI: 10.1111/joim.13185
    RVK:
    XA 54380
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006883-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elucidating the role of Trp105 in the KPC‐2 β‐lactamase
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Protein Science Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2010-09), p. 1714-1727
    Details
    In: Protein Science, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2010-09), p. 1714-1727
    Abstract: The molecular basis of resistance to β‐lactams and β‐lactam‐β‐lactamase inhibitor combinations in the KPC family of class A enzymes is of extreme importance to the future design of effective β‐lactam therapy. Recent crystal structures of KPC‐2 and other class A β‐lactamases suggest that Ambler position Trp105 may be of importance in binding β‐lactam compounds. Based on this notion, we explored the role of residue Trp105 in KPC‐2 by conducting site‐saturation mutagenesis at this position. Escherichia coli DH10B cells expressing the Trp105Phe, ‐Tyr, ‐Asn, and ‐His KPC‐2 variants possessed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) similar to E . coli cells expressing wild type (WT) KPC‐2. Interestingly, most of the variants showed increased MICs to ampicillin‐clavulanic acid but not to ampicillin‐sulbactam or piperacillin‐tazobactam. To explain the biochemical basis of this behavior, four variants (Trp105Phe, ‐Asn, ‐Leu, and ‐Val) were studied in detail. Consistent with the MIC data, the Trp105Phe β‐lactamase displayed improved catalytic efficiencies, k cat / K m , toward piperacillin, cephalothin, and nitrocefin, but slightly decreased k cat / K m toward cefotaxime and imipenem when compared to WT β‐lactamase. The Trp105Asn variant exhibited increased K m s for all substrates. In contrast, the Trp105Leu and ‐Val substituted enzymes demonstrated notably decreased catalytic efficiencies ( k cat / K m ) for all substrates. With respect to clavulanic acid, the K i s and partition ratios were increased for the Trp105Phe, ‐Asn, and ‐Val variants. We conclude that interactions between Trp105 of KPC‐2 and the β‐lactam are essential for hydrolysis of substrates. Taken together, kinetic and molecular modeling studies define the role of Trp105 in β‐lactam and β‐lactamase inhibitor discrimination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0961-8368 , 1469-896X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pro.v19:9
    DOI: 10.1002/pro.454
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000025-X
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...