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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Organic Cultivation of Jasmine and Tea Increases Carbon Sequestration by Changing Plant and Soil Stoichiometry
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Agronomy Journal Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 2016-07), p. 1636-1648
    Details
    In: Agronomy Journal, Wiley, Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 2016-07), p. 1636-1648
    Abstract: Organic cultivation methods would be a good alternative to conventional cultivation, avoiding the use of industrial fertilizer and reducing the risk of eutrophication, but its impacts on soil elemental composition and stoichiometry warrants to be clearly stated. This study was conducted to determine the effects of long‐term organic cultivation on soil elemental composition, stoichiometry, and C storing capacity and CO 2 emissions in the plant‐soil systems of jasmine ( Jasminum spp.) and tea [ Camellia sinensis (L.) Ktze.] plantations in Fujian and other regions in China. We examined the impact of organic cultivation on the concentrations, contents and stoichiometric relationships among C, N, P, and K. Organic cultivation was associated with lower plant N and P concentrations, and P mineralomasses and with higher total plant C/N, C/P, C/K, and N/P ratios and higher soil N and P concentrations and contents at some depths. Organic cultivation was thus associated with a shift of P from plants to soil and with a higher nutrient‐use efficiency in biomass production, mainly of P. Soil CO 2 emissions were higher under organic cultivation, but the soil was able to accumulate more C with no changes in C storage in plant biomass, suggesting that organic cultivation could increase the overall C sequestration, thereby mitigating climate change and enhancing soil nutrient content. Our results thus showed that the organic cultivation of jasmine and tea in Fujian can improve soil fertility and C accumulation, reduce the use of industrial fertilizers and phytosanitary products, and improve product quality without loss of economical profits. Core Ideas Jasmine and tea cultivation have a long history in Fujian and other regions in China We explored their organic cultivation for the future viability of these crops Organic cultivation increased nutrient‐use efficiency Soil was able to accumulate more C under organic cultivation Organic cultivation improved soil fertility without affecting economic profits
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-1962 , 1435-0645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2134/agronj2015.0559
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471598-3
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Long‐term monitoring on a new channelized stream section: changes in mesohabitat, composition, and size structure of fish assemblages
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Restoration Ecology
    Details
    In: Restoration Ecology, Wiley
    Abstract: The construction of riverine structures (weirs, bridges, or channelization) on riverbeds causes alterations in the flow regime and channel geometry. Once a new stretch is created, species must colonize it. The ecological succession processes that are entailed are decisive for adequate recovery after alterations, and understanding these processes would enable elaborate efficient restoration actions. We analyzed environmental variables and the colonization and succession patterns of fish assemblages in a new channelized stretch of a river from its construction to the present (from 1996 to 2020) in the northern Iberian Peninsula. During the studied period, habitat diversity increased, and mesohabitat became more complex. Depths, depth diversity, and the number of pools in the new channel increased with time. Water temperature decreased because of the new shade provided by riparian forests. The size‐related variables of the fish community (size diversity, mean, and maximum length) increased in the new section, achieving similar values to those in the control section. The slopes of the fish size spectra showed a slow evolution over 25 years from a fish assemblage dominated by small fish to a more size‐diversity fish community. Our results suggest that habitat complexity shape fish assemblage and structure. Moreover, size‐related variables can be effective ecological indicators of fish colonization and succession processes. Finally, small‐scale restoration measures in the riverbed and riparian forest are expected to increase the effectiveness of future restoration projects in rivers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1061-2971 , 1526-100X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/rec.13995
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020952-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 914746-9
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  • 3
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    Energy‐based top‐down and bottom‐up relationships between fish community energy demand or production and phytoplankton across lakes at a continental scale
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. 892-902
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography, Wiley, Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. 892-902
    Abstract: Fish community feeding and production rates may differ between lakes despite similar fish biomass levels because of differences in size structure and local temperature. Therefore, across‐lake comparisons of the strength and direction of top‐down and bottom‐up fish–phytoplankton relationships should consider these factors. We used the metabolic theory of ecology to calculate size‐ and temperature‐corrected community energy demand (CED om ) and community production (CP) of omnivorous fishes in 227 European lakes from major habitat types (MHTs) of polar freshwaters, temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands, and temperate coastal rivers. We related CED om with total phosphorus (TP)‐corrected chlorophyll a (Chl a ) concentrations to evaluate a potential top‐down directed trophic cascade from fish to phytoplankton. Furthermore, we related Chl a with CP to demonstrate potential bottom‐up effects of phytoplankton on fish. For both analyses, we added the CED of piscivorous fishes (CED pi ) as a predictor to account for potential predation effects on the omnivorous fish community. CED om was weakly positively related with TP‐corrected Chl a , but the strength of the relationship differed between MHTs. In contrast, CP was consistently positively related with Chl a in the entire dataset. CED pi did not contribute to top‐down or bottom‐up relationships. The application of metabolic variables characterizing fish community feeding and production rates makes these results robust because the approach accounted for the usually neglected effects of fish size and temperature in across‐lake comparisons. Our results suggest that bottom‐up effects from phytoplankton on fish secondary production in lakes are substantially stronger than top‐down effects from fish on phytoplankton biomass.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-3590 , 1939-5590
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.v65.4
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.11434
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 412737-7
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    SSG: 14
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  • 4
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    Midge‐stabilized sediment drives the composition of benthic cladoceran communities in Lake Mývatn, Iceland
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Ecosphere Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2017-02)
    Details
    In: Ecosphere, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2017-02)
    Abstract: The importance of environmental disturbances as drivers of ecological communities depends not only on the magnitude of the disturbance, but also on the disturbance‐specific sensitivity of the community. Organisms that alter the physical structure of their surroundings can affect the sensitivity of their habitat to environmental disturbance, and may alter the potential for disturbance to shape ecological communities. Such organisms therefore act as ecosystem engineers by indirectly modifying the resources available to other species. The benthos of shallow, eutrophic Lake Mývatn, Iceland, is frequently disturbed by wind events that lead to sediment resuspension. The impact of wind, however, depends on the abundance of midges (Chironomidae) whose larval tubes bind sediment and reduce wind‐driven resuspension. Here, we investigate the long‐term effect of fluctuations in midge abundance on the benthic cladoceran community using two lake sediment cores representing 30 and 140 years of deposition. In both cores, midge remains show a significant positive correlation with abundance of a large benthic surface‐dwelling cladoceran, Eurycercus lamellatus , relative to the abundance of a small within‐sediment‐dwelling cladoceran, Alona rectangula . To experimentally investigate whether this shift could have been caused by midges acting as ecosystem engineers, we subjected cladoceran communities to sediment resuspension events within mesocosms. We found a significant decrease in abundance of the large epibenthic E. lamellatus relative to the abundance of small infaunal Alona spp. when subjected to disturbance. These findings show that physical alteration of benthic sediment and hence the sensitivity of the sediment to disturbance may explain the community shift in cladocerans observed with fluctuating midge abundance in Lake Mývatn.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-8925 , 2150-8925
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2017.8.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1659
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2572257-8
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  • 5
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    Women in limnology: From a historical perspective to a present‐day evaluation
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  WIREs Water Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Details
    In: WIREs Water, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Abstract: Research in limnology is nurtured by the work of many fascinating and passionate women, who have contributed enormously to our understanding of inland waters. Female limnologists have promoted and established the bases of our knowledge about inland waters and fostered the need of protecting the values of those ecosystems. However, on numerous occasions, their contribution to the advancement of limnology has not been duly recognized. Here, we review the presence of women in limnology through the history of the discipline: from the pioneers who contributed to the origins to present day' developments. We aim at visibilizing those scientists and establish them as role models. We also analyze in a simple and illustrative way the current situation of women in limnology, the scientific barriers they must deal with, and their future prospects. Multiple aspects fostering the visibility of a scientist, such as their presence in conferences, awards, or representation in societal or editorial boards show a significant gap, with none of those aspects showing a similar visibility of women and men in limnology. This article raises awareness of the obstacles that women in limnology faced and still face, and encourages to embrace models of leadership, scientific management, and assessment of research performance far from those commonly established. This article is categorized under: Science of Water 〉 Methods Water and Life 〉 Methods
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2049-1948 , 2049-1948
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/wat2.v10.1
    DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1616
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2751191-1
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  • 6
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    Spatial patterns reveal strong abiotic and biotic drivers of zooplankton community composition in Lake Mývatn, Iceland
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Ecosphere Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2015-06), p. art105-
    Details
    In: Ecosphere, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2015-06), p. art105-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-8925
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00392.1
    DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00392.1.sm
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2572257-8
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  • 7
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    Trophic transfer from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems: a test of the biogeochemical niche hypothesis
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Ecosphere Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2018-07)
    Details
    In: Ecosphere, Wiley, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2018-07)
    Abstract: Matter and energy flow across ecosystem boundaries. Transfers from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems are frequent and have been widely studied, but the flow of matter from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems is less known. Large numbers of midges emerge from some lakes in northern Iceland and fly to land. These lakes differ in their levels of eutrophication due to different intensities of geothermal warming and nutrient inputs. In the context of this material transfer from an aquatic to a terrestrial ecosystem, we investigated the relationships between the deposition of midges and the elemental composition and stoichiometry of organisms in low‐productivity terrestrial ecosystems. We analyzed several terrestrial food webs in northeastern Iceland with similar food web compositions of terrestrial arthropods but different inputs of midges and analyzed the stoichiometric composition of the different trophic groups. Elemental composition differed among trophic groups and taxa much more than within each trophic group or taxa across the midge deposition gradient. Specifically, the change in N concentration was significant in plants (up to 70% increase in the site with maximum input) but not in predators, which had a more homeostatic elemental composition. These results thus show (1) a significant movement of matter and nutrients from an aquatic to a terrestrial habitat via the emergence of aquatic insects and the deposition of insect carcasses, (2) a larger impact on the elemental composition of plants than arthropods, and (3) support for the biogeochemical niche hypothesis, which predicts that different species should have a specific elemental composition, stoichiometry, and allocation as a consequence of their particular metabolism, physiology, and structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-8925 , 2150-8925
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2018.9.issue-7
    DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2338
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2572257-8
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  • 8
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    Missing effects of anthropogenic nutrient deposition on sentinel alpine ecosystems
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2014-07), p. 2173-2182
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2014-07), p. 2173-2182
    Abstract: Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition affects unproductive remote alpine and circumpolar ecosystems, which are often considered sentinels of global change. Human activities and forest fires can also elevate phosphorus (P) deposition, possibly compounding the ecological effects of increased N deposition given the ubiquity of nutrient co‐limitation of primary producers. Low N : P ratios coupled with evidence of NP ‐limitation from bioassays led us to hypothesize that P indirectly stimulates phytoplankton by amplifying the direct positive effect of N (i.e. serial N‐limitation) in alpine ponds. We tested the hypothesis using the first replicated N × P enrichment experiment conducted at the whole‐ecosystem level, which involved 12 alpine ponds located in the low N deposition backcountry of the eastern Front Range of the Canadian Rockies. Although applications of N and P elevated ambient N and P concentrations by 2–5×, seston and plankton remained relatively unaffected in the amended ponds. However, additions of ammonium nitrate elevated the δ 15 N signals of both primary producers and herbivores (fairy shrimp; Anostraca), attesting to trophic transfer of N deposition to consumers. Further, in situ bioassays revealed that grazing by high ambient densities of fairy shrimp together with potential competition from algae lining the pond bottoms suppressed the otherwise serially N‐limited response by phytoplankton. Our findings highlight how indirect effects of biotic interactions rather the often implicit direct effects of chemical changes can regulate the sensitivities of extreme ecosystems to nutrient deposition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.2014.20.issue-7
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12484
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
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  • 9
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    Taking the trophic bypass: aquatic‐terrestrial linkage reduces methylmercury in a terrestrial food web
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Ecological Applications Vol. 25, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 151-159
    Details
    In: Ecological Applications, Wiley, Vol. 25, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 151-159
    Abstract: Ecosystems can be linked by the movement of matter and nutrients across habitat boundaries via aquatic insect emergence. Aquatic organisms tend to have higher concentrations of certain toxic contaminants such as methylmercury (MeHg) compared to their terrestrial counterparts. If aquatic organisms come to land, terrestrial organisms that consume them are expected to have elevated MeHg concentrations. But emergent aquatic insects could have other impacts as well, such as altering consumer trophic position or increasing ecosystem productivity as a result of nutrient inputs from insect carcasses. We measure MeHg in terrestrial arthropods at two lakes in northeastern Iceland and use carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to quantify aquatic reliance and trophic position. Across all terrestrial focal arthropod taxa (Lycosidae, Linyphiidae, Acari, Opiliones), aquatic reliance had significant direct and indirect (via changes in trophic position) effects on terrestrial consumer MeHg. However, contrary to our expectations, terrestrial consumers that consumed aquatic prey had lower MeHg concentrations than consumers that ate mostly terrestrial prey. We hypothesize that this is due to the lower trophic position of consumers feeding directly on midges relative to those that fed mostly on terrestrial prey and that had, on average, higher trophic positions. Thus, direct consumption of aquatic inputs results in a trophic bypass that creates a shorter terrestrial food web and reduced biomagnification of MeHg across the food web. Our finding that MeHg was lower at terrestrial sites with aquatic inputs runs counter to the conventional wisdom that aquatic systems are a source of MeHg contamination to surrounding terrestrial ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1051-0761 , 1939-5582
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1890/14-0038.1
    DOI: 10.1890/14-0038.1.sm
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010123-5
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 10
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    Plant invasion is associated with higher plant–soil nutrient concentrations in nutrient‐poor environments
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2017-03), p. 1282-1291
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2017-03), p. 1282-1291
    Abstract: Plant invasion is an emerging driver of global change worldwide. We aimed to disentangle its impacts on plant–soil nutrient concentrations. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 215 peer‐reviewed articles and 1233 observations. Invasive plant species had globally higher N and P concentrations in photosynthetic tissues but not in foliar litter, in comparison with their native competitors. Invasive plants were also associated with higher soil C and N stocks and N, P, and K availabilities. The differences in N and P concentrations in photosynthetic tissues and in soil total C and N, soil N, P, and K availabilities between invasive and native species decreased when the environment was richer in nutrient resources. The results thus suggested higher nutrient resorption efficiencies in invasive than in native species in nutrient‐poor environments. There were differences in soil total N concentrations but not in total P concentrations, indicating that the differences associated to invasive plants were related with biological processes, not with geochemical processes. The results suggest that invasiveness is not only a driver of changes in ecosystem species composition but that it is also associated with significant changes in plant–soil elemental composition and stoichiometry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.2017.23.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13384
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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