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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Low‐frequency modulation and trend of the relationship between ENSO and precipitation along the northern to centre Peruvian Pacific coast
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Hydrological Processes Vol. 29, No. 6 ( 2015-03-15), p. 1252-1266
    Details
    In: Hydrological Processes, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 6 ( 2015-03-15), p. 1252-1266
    Abstract: The relationship between El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and precipitation along the Peruvian Pacific coast is investigated over 1964–2011 on the basis of a variety of indices accounting for the different types of El Niño events and atmospheric and oceanographic manifestations of the interannual variability in the tropical Pacific. We show the existence of fluctuations in the ENSO/precipitation relationship at decadal timescales that are associated with the ENSO property changes over the recent decades. Several indices are considered in order to discriminate the influence of the two types of El Niño, namely, the eastern Pacific El Niño and the central Pacific El Niño, as well as the influence of large‐scale atmospheric variability associated to the Madden and Julian Oscillation, and of regional oceanic conditions. Three main periods are identified that correspond to the interleave periods between the main climatic transitions over 1964–2011, i.e. the shifts of the 1970s and the 2000s, over which ENSO experiences significant changes in its characteristics. We show that the relationship between ENSO and precipitation along the western coast of Peru has experienced significant decadal change. Whereas El Niño events before 2000 lead to increased precipitation, in the 2000s, ENSO is associated to drier conditions. This is due to the change in the main ENSO pattern after 2000 that is associated to cooler oceanic conditions off Peru during warm events (i.e. central Pacific El Niño). Our analysis also indicates that the two extreme El Niño events of 1982/1983 and 1997/1998 have overshadowed actual trends in the relationship between interannual variability in the tropical Pacific and precipitation along the coast of Peru. Overall, our study stresses on the complexity of the hydrological cycle on the western side of the Andes with regard to its relationship with the interannual to decadal variability in the tropical Pacific. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-6087 , 1099-1085
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.v29.6
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.10247
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479953-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Assessing multidecadal runoff (1970–2010) using regional hydrological modelling under data and water scarcity conditions in Peruvian Pacific catchments
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Hydrological Processes Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 20-35
    Details
    In: Hydrological Processes, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 20-35
    Abstract: In a context of water scarcity in Peruvian Pacific catchments as a crucial issue for Peru, added to the paucity of data availability, we propose a methodology that provides new perspectives for freshwater availability estimation as a base reference for unimpaired conditions. Under those considerations, a regional discharge of 709 m 3 /s to the Pacific Ocean is estimated with a significant increasing trend of about 43 m 3 /s per decade over the 1970 – 2010 period. To represent the multidecadal behaviour of freshwater runoff along the region, a regional runoff analysis is proposed based on hydrological modelling at annual and monthly time step for unimpaired conditions over the whole 1970 – 2010 period. Differential Split‐Sample Tests are used to assess the hydrological modelling robustness of the GR1A and GR2M conceptual lumped models, showing a satisfactory transposability from dry to wet years inside the thresholds defined for Nash–Sutcliffe and bias criteria. This allowed relating physical catchment characteristics with calibrated and validated model parameters, thus offering a regional perspective for dryland conditions in the study area (e.g., the anticlockwise hysteresis relationship found for seasonal precipitation–runoff relationship) as well as the impacts of climate variability and catchment characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-6087 , 1099-1085
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.v33.1
    DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13318
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479953-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Absolute or convective instability in the equatorial Pacific and implications for ENSO
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Vol. 139, No. 672 ( 2013-04), p. 600-606
    Details
    In: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Wiley, Vol. 139, No. 672 ( 2013-04), p. 600-606
    Abstract: The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is driven by ocean–atmosphere interactions in the equatorial Pacific, and this variability is often attributed to coupled modes that are evidenced by the temporal stability analysis of anomaly models. Here, the further diagnostic of absolute/convective instability is considered, which assesses whether small perturbations localized in space and time (e.g. random wind disturbances) lead to instabilities that develop in‐place or propagate away from the perturbed region. It is shown that boundary conditions play a secondary role for this approach and that the development of large‐scale wave packets in the equatorial Pacific basin is possible, as in the case of an infinite domain. As an illustration, two simple coupled models are diagnosed that rely either on thermocline processes or zonal advective processes. The model with thermocline processes is ‘absolutely unstable’ and therefore develops intrinsic oscillations, while the model with zonal advective processes is ‘convectively unstable’ and therefore acts as a noise amplifier. The identification of the two instability regimes may characterize different ENSO formation mechanisms as a response to random wind disturbances. For the absolutely unstable regime, a standing ENSO‐like oscillation can develop in the equatorial Pacific without involving boundary reflections, while for the convectively unstable regime boundary reflections are essential. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-9009 , 1477-870X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.v139.672
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.1988
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 7650
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3142-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2089168-4
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  • 4
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    On the relationship between ENSO diversity and the ENSO atmospheric teleconnection to high‐latitudes
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 1303-1325
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 1303-1325
    Abstract: The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has experienced changes in its properties since the 1990s, particularly increased occurrence of Central Pacific El Niño events. These events have influenced atmospheric circulation in the mid to high‐latitudes of both hemispheres through atmospheric teleconnection. Here it is shown that, in the Northern Hemisphere, the planetary circulation response to the Eastern Pacific (EP) event in boreal winter is associated with Rossby waves propagating poleward and is mostly confined to the Pacific region, while the Central Pacific (CP) event induces a negative phase of Arctic Oscillation (AO)‐like circulation pattern at planetary scale. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), the difference between the circulation patterns associated with the two types of El Niño in austral summer is rather small and the response of the tropospheric circulation consists of an Antarctic Oscillation (AAO)‐like negative phase pattern. In the SH, the circulation response to CP Niño lasts longer than that to EP Niño. In particular, during EP Niño the composite circulation anomalies reverse sign from austral summer to winter, which is not the case during CP event. This adds an interhemispheric asymmetry dimension to the ENSO atmospheric teleconnection in the high‐latitudes in relation to ENSO diversity. These changes in the circulation are associated with surface air‐temperature anomalies that have the potential to exacerbate observed long‐term trends. A subgroup of CMIP5 models that realistically simulate both ENSO nonlinearity (diversity) and the AO and AAO‐like patterns are analysed, showing that in the warmer climate, the circulation response in the high‐latitudes to both types of events is amplified in both hemispheres.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v42.2
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.7304
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
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    Rainfall along the coast of Peru during strong El Niño events
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2018-03), p. 1737-1747
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2018-03), p. 1737-1747
    Abstract: While, climatologically, most areas of the Peruvian Pacific region do not experience precipitation, they can be affected by heavy rain and flooding during strong El Niño events with severe socio‐economic impacts. Only four strong El Niño events took place within the last five decades (1972/1973, 1982/1983, 1997/1998 and 2015/2016) which led to significant rainfall events in the northern part of Peru. Here a detailed analysis of the evolution of precipitation during these events was performed using gauge records from 1964 to 2016 from a network of 145 meteorological stations located along the Peruvian Pacific region. Through empirical orthogonal function analysis, the rainfall anomalies variability is interpreted as resulting from the combination of a meridional see‐saw mode (North–South) (Ep mode) and a zonal see‐saw mode (East–West) (Cp mode) that represent, respectively, 34 and 21% of the explained variance. It is shown that the extreme 1982/1983 and 1997/1998 El Niño events have a dominant projection on the Ep mode that has a strong loading in the northern region, while the 1972/1973 and 2015/2016 El Niño events have a relatively weak projection onto the Ep mode (about ten times less at the peak rainy season than the extreme events) and mostly project onto the Cp mode. Also, it is shown that while all events are associated with positive rainfall anomalies in the northern part of Peru which is accounted for by the Ep mode, the evolution of rainfall anomalies along the Cp mode exhibits a significant dispersion. This suggests that the impact of strong El Niño events on the highlands along the coast cannot solely be inferred from the magnitude of the sea surface temperature anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific. Overall, our study illustrates the nonlinearity of the ENSO teleconnection on the rainfall along the coast of Peru during strong El Niño events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.2018.38.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.5292
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
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    Understanding the impact of climate change on the oceanic circulation in the Chilean island ecoregions
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 232-252
    Details
    In: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 232-252
    Abstract: The largest changes in the circulation of the South‐eastern Pacific resulting from global warming are associated with the southward shift and intensification of the anticyclone and with coastal surface warming. Coastal upwelling is projected to be increase off central Chile, due to an increase in equatorward winds, although increased oceanic stratification and associated enhanced nearshore turbulence will yield an onshore deepening/flattening of the thermocline. The overall increase in south‐easterly trade winds of the South‐eastern Pacific in a warmer climate are likely to increase the connectivity pattern between Juan Fernandez and Desventuradas islands, and along the Sala y Gomez ridge, through increasing wind‐driven mean ocean currents. Deoxygenation associated with the warmer temperatures and changes in ventilation are likely to modify marine habitat and the respiratory barriers of species in the seamounts located in the vicinity of the limits of the minimum oxygen zone. In the South‐eastern Pacific, the prevailing 2D understanding of the responses of marine life to climate change needs to be expanded to 3D approaches, integrating the vertical habitat compression of marine organisms as a result of ocean warming and deoxygenation, as climate velocities for temperature and oxygen have contrasting vertical and horizontal patterns. There is a need for regional biogeochemical‐coupled modelling studies dedicated to the Chilean islands in order to provide an integrated view of the impact of anthropogenic stressors (e.g. deoxygenation, increased stratification, and climate shift) at the scale required for addressing socio‐ecological interactions. A refined understanding of the large‐scale biogeography and spatial dynamics of marine populations through experimentation with high‐resolution regional ocean models is a prerequisite for scaling‐up regional management planning and optimizing the conservation of interconnected marine ecosystems across large scales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1052-7613 , 1099-0755
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.v31.2
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3506
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1146285-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496050-3
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 21
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  • 7
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    Changes in the spatial structure of strong and moderate El Niño events under global warming : CHANGES IN EL NINO'S SPATIAL STRUCTURE
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2014-06), p. 2834-2840
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2014-06), p. 2834-2840
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.2014.34.issue-8
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.3876
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 8
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    Marine protected areas invaded by floating anthropogenic litter: An example from the South Pacific
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems Vol. 29, No. S2 ( 2019-10), p. 245-259
    Details
    In: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. S2 ( 2019-10), p. 245-259
    Abstract: Oceanic marine protected areas (MPAs) that are close to the litter accumulation zones in the subtropical gyres receive large amounts of plastic litter, both as micro‐ and as macroplastics. The macro‐litter accumulating on the islands in the Easter Island Ecoregion (Rapa Nui and Salas y Gómez) can be traced back to the high seas industrial fishery operating in the South Pacific. Seabirds nesting in the MPAs in the South Pacific are affected by both microplastic ingestion and macroplastic in their nests, but there was no evidence of entangled birds. Conservation of seabirds (and other species) in these oceanic MPAs requires efficient measures to reduce plastic contamination in the ocean. Observations made in the South Pacific coincide with those from other oceanic MPAs, calling for global actions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1052-7613 , 1099-0755
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.v29.S2
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3095
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1146285-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496050-3
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 21
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  • 9
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    Regionalization of rainfall over the Peruvian Pacific slope and coast : REGIONALIZATION OF RAINFALL (PERUVIAN COAST)
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 143-158
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 143-158
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.2017.37.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.4693
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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