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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Organic and Geographical Indication Certifications’ Contributions to Employment and Education
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 161-176
    Details
    In: Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 161-176
    Abstract: In this paper, we test to what extent Food Quality Schemes (FQS, including Geographical Indications and organic products) contribute to the social and economic sustainability of farmers and regions through employment and education. Through employment, FQS may counter the urban migration trend affecting rural regions, and help retain economic and social capital in the local region. Indeed, as FQS are often small and specialised sectors, the economic inefficiency of such businesses may translated into greater employment and social sustainability. Separately, by requiring a higher-level of quality and hence skills, FQS may encourage greater local educational attainment or skilled immigration. To test these propositions, we analyse the employment and educational outcomes of 25 FQS. Our results show that the FQS products examined have a 13% higher labour usage (labour-to-production ratio) compared to reference products, indicating that they provide greater employment. Additionally, wage levels are 32% higher in FQS compared to references. Despite providing greater employment and higher wages, profitability of FQS (i.e. how much turnover/profit is generated per employee) is nevertheless 32% higher for FQS compared to reference products, due to the ability to attract higher product prices. Finally, there is no clear link between FQS and greater (or lower) education attainment in the supply chain. Overall, our results suggest that FQS can provide a strong contribution to local employment, employee income and business profits, strengthening the social and economic sustainability of producers and regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-0485 , 2194-5896
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/jafio-2019-0042
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113270-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Thymus algeriensis wild-growing in Libya
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Open Life Sciences Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2013-3-1), p. 504-511
    Details
    In: Open Life Sciences, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2013-3-1), p. 504-511
    Abstract: The composition of essential oil isolated from Thymus algeriensis growing wild in Libya was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was characterized with thymol (38.50%) as the major component. The oil was screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, and compared to thymol and carvacrol. Antioxidant activity was high, with the IC50 of 0.299 mg/ml, compared to 0.403 and 0.105 mg/ml for thymol and carvacrol, and 0.0717 mg/ml for BHA. In addition, antimicrobial activity was tested against eight bacteria and eight fungi. T. algeriensis oil showed inhibitory activity against tested bacteria at 0.001–0.05 mg/ml, while bactericidal activity (MBC) was achieved at 0.0025–0.05 mg/ml. For antifungal activity MICs ranged 0.0005–0.025 mg/ml and MFC 0.001–0.05 mg/ml. High antimicrobial activity against the fungi in particular suggests that the essential oil of Thymus algeriensis could have a useful practical application.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2391-5412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/s11535-013-0150-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2817958-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Localisation and Types of Cosmetic Medical Treatments - Correlation with Demographic Characteristics of Serbian Clients
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2016
    In:  Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2016-6-1), p. 117-124
    Details
    In: Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2016-6-1), p. 117-124
    Abstract: There is a growing number of cosmetic medical treatments in the Balkan region. Yet, this trend has not been closely observed in terms of the correlation between procedure characteristics and clients’ sociocultural and psychological characteristics. The aim of this cross-sectional/retrospective research is to establish the correlation of types of cosmetic procedures with basic sociodemographic characteristics of clients in Serbia. Each of 144 study subjects underwent a cosmetic treatment (320 in total) within the first three months of 2014, while the study was being conducted. The sample included 5 male and 139 female subjects, with the age range of 17-71 (38.87±10.722). Peaks of interventions have been detected in subjects aged 31-35 and 36-40; more frequently those were individuals with a higher level of education and their motive most commonly was of aesthetic nature. The majority of the subjects (44.44%) underwent only one intervention, while the average number of interventions per subject within the period of three months was 2.21±1.40. Face interventions were considerably higher in number than others, with a rising trend with age. The number of procedures in the area of the abdomen, breasts and thighs, rose with the increase of a body mass index. The most popular treatments included removal of stretch marks and fillers, mesotherapy and botulinum toxin. Due to ever-growing sociocultural pressure and a modern concept of life, women often decide on cosmetic therapy at the first sign of ageing and hormonal changes, with a downward age trend especially with respect to minimally invasive procedures, as well as the most visible body parts, the face in the first place.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2335-075X , 1820-8665
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/sjecr-2015-0059
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2710266-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Carbon and Land Footprint of Certified Food Products
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 113-126
    Details
    In: Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 113-126
    Abstract: The carbon and land footprint of 26 certified food products – geographical indications and organic products and their conventional references are assessed. This assessment goes beyond existing literature by (1) designing a calculation method fit for the comparison between certified food and conventional production, (2) using the same calculation method and parameters for 52 products – 26 Food Quality Schemes and their reference products – to allow for a meaningful comparison, (3) transparently documenting this calculation method and opening access to the detailed results and the underlying data, and (4) providing the first assessment of the carbon and land footprint of geographical indications. The method used is Life Cycle Assessment, largely relying on the Cool Farm Tool for the impact assessment. The most common indicator of climate impact, the carbon footprint expressed per ton of product, is not significantly different between certified foods and their reference products. The only exception to this pattern are vegetal organic products, whose carbon footprint is 16% lower. This is because the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions from the absence of mineral fertilizers is never fully offset by the associated lower yield. The climate impact of certified food per hectare is however 26% than their reference and their land footprint is logically 24% higher. Technical specifications directly or indirectly inducing a lower use of mineral fertilizers are a key driver of this pattern. So is yield, which depends both on terroir and farming practices. Overall, this assessment reinforces the quality policy of the European Union: promoting certified food is not inconsistent with mitigating climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-0485 , 2194-5896
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/jafio-2019-0037
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113270-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Foodmiles: The Logistics of Food Chains Applied to Food Quality Schemes
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 127-143
    Details
    In: Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 127-143
    Abstract: This paper estimates the foodmiles (embedded distances) and transport-related carbon emissions of 27 Food Quality Scheme (FQS) products – Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) and organic – and their reference products. It goes further than the existing literature by adopting a value chain perspective, instead of the traditional consumer perspective, and focusing on FQS products. The same methodology is applied across all the case studies. The article specifically investigates the determinants of differences between FQS and their references. FQS products travel significantly shorter distances (−30%) and generate significantly lower transport-related emissions (−23%) than conventional food products. The differences are even greater for vegetal and organic products. The relationship between distance and transport-related emissions is not exactly proportional and highlights the importance of transport modes and logistics, in particular for exports and imports. Finally, we stress the importance of the spatial distribution of the different stages in the value chains (e.g. production, processing). PDO technical specifications delimit a geographical area for production and processing, thereby limiting distances and transport-related emissions compared to conventional food products, but also compared to other types of FQS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-0485 , 2194-5896
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/jafio-2019-0040
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113270-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2008
    In:  Open Life Sciences Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2008-6-1), p. 149-154
    Details
    In: Open Life Sciences, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2008-6-1), p. 149-154
    Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil from Vojvodina province (north of Serbia). The investigated oil was hydrodistilled from a flowering plant and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty-three constituents were identified ( 〉 97% of total oil), with geranial (41.42%, w/w) and neral (29.61%, w/w) as the most prominent. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Candida albicans. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all tested strains. The maximum activity of T. Pannonicus oil was observed against E. coli, S. aureus and both tested strains of C. Albicans (MIC = 50 µ/ml, each). Moderate activity was observed against P. aeruginosa and one of the tested strains of K. Pneumoniae (MIC = 200 µ/ml), while E. faecalis and the other strain of K. Pneumoniae expressed a higher degree of resistance (MIC 〉 200 µ/ml). This study confirms that essential oil of T. pannonicus possesses remarkable in vitro antimicrobial activity against several medicinally important pathogens. This is attributable to lemon-scented citral, a mixture of geranial and neral, which has well-documented antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and fungi.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2391-5412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/s11535-008-0013-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2817958-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Factors of the Value Added Tax Collection Efficiency in the Republic of Serbia
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2019
    In:  Economic Themes Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2019-03-01), p. 35-49
    Details
    In: Economic Themes, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2019-03-01), p. 35-49
    Abstract: The policy led by a large number of developing countries, with the aim of increasing indirect taxes, has opened the issue of Value Added Tax (VAT) performance. Reforms of tax systems of transition countries generally involve an increase in standard rates in order to increase VAT, which is the main source of public revenues. In such a way, developing countries determine the VAT performance and the amount of revenue that could be collected by indirect taxation. Theoretical analyses of standard rates and other factors that have reflections on the VAT collection efficiency explicitly prove that there are different ways to improve the efficiency of VAT collection, and exclude an increase in the standard rate. An increase in the standard rate provides a balance of negative effects, which can be blurred by recorded tax revenues. The subject of this paper is an analysis of the factors that influence the efficiency of VAT collection in Serbia. The main objective of the paper is to examine the impact of the change in the standard rate, which is the result of the reforms carried out in 2012, on the performance of VAT. Regression analysis was applied to the data series for the period 2005-2016.The results show that the change in the standard rate had a statistically significant negative impact on VAT performance. Our analysis also indicates that the economic growth rate has reflections on VAT collection. A strong positive correlation between the economic growth rate and VAT performance was calculated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2217-3668
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/ethemes-2019-0003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2539222-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus: The Never-Ending Story
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2016
    In:  Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2016-09-1), p. 153-162
    Details
    In: Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2016-09-1), p. 153-162
    Abstract: Combating Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections using antibacterial drugs is actually an ongoing effort to overcome resistance mechanism of this microorganism. In this paper, we discussed (1) the mechanisms of resistance to some of the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in the treatment of S. aureus: methicillin, vancomicyn and quinolones. In addition, (2) efflux pump mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis in the presence of compounds that inhibit S. aureus growth and reproduction, as well as mechanisms of resistance to a number of antibiotics, have been reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2217-2521
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/afmnai-2016-0017
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2577892-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Femoral Artery Thrombosis in a Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Newborn
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 367-371
    Details
    In: Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 367-371
    Abstract: Tromboses are considered to be rare disorders in the pediatric population. However, they occur more frequently during the neonatal period. Potential risk factors for thrombosis onset include frequent use of peripheral, umbilical or central venous / arterial catheters, inflammation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, liver disorders, hypovolemia, asphyxia, congenital heart disease, polycythemia and dehydration. On the seventh day of life in male premature infant born in 29th / 30th gestation week, we noticed an increased level of inflammatory parameters. The patient’s right leg was edematous and cold with immeasurable pulse and pressure over the femoral artery, mottled skin and no spontaneous mobility. In the following days, edema becomes generalized and abdominal meteorism with bile vomiting appeared. Vascular surgeon established a diagnosis of the acute femoral artery stenosis (CW Doppler). We initiated continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin, but due to the development of hemorrhagic syndrome, next day we replaced it with low molecular weight heparin. The hemorrhagic disease was treated with tranexamic acid, fresh frozen plasma and concentrated platelets of the corresponding blood group. Signs of recirculation were registered with a palpable femoral pulse. CW Doppler confirmed complete recovery. In spite of the fact that antithrombotic therapy can cause numerous complications, it should be considered in vital indications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2335-075X , 1820-8665
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0053
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2710266-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Economic Spill-Over of Food Quality Schemes on Their Territory
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 95-111
    Details
    In: Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-05-13), p. 95-111
    Abstract: We study the effect of a set of food quality scheme (FQS) products within the local economy using a local multiplier approach based on LM3 methodology. To evaluate the effective contribution within the local area, we compare each FQS product with its equivalent standard/conventional counterpart. Local multiplier allows us to track the financial flows converging within the local area at the different levels of the supply chain so that we can measure the FQS product role in local economic activation. Overall, the FQS products exhibit a higher positive contribution to the local economy than the standard references. However, there is significant heterogeneity in the impact according to the product categories. In the case of vegetal products, the local economic advantage due to FQS is 7% higher than the reference products, but the statistical tests reject the null hypothesis that the medians are significantly different from zero. On the contrary, animal products exhibit a larger contribution of FQS than the standard counterparts (+24%). The PGI products (+25%) produce the major effect, while PDO products show a median difference lower (+6%). The organic and non-organic products seem to be substantially equivalent in terms of contribution to the local economy, due to the similarity in the downstream processing phase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-0485 , 2194-5896
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/jafio-2019-0046
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113270-7
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