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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physiological vitality of Norway spruce ( Picea abies L.) stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Central European Forestry Journal Vol. 66, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 227-242
    Details
    In: Central European Forestry Journal, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 66, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 227-242
    Abstract: Nowadays, a large area of Norway spruce forest stands in Europe is disturbed by windstorm and, subsequently, bark beetle outbreaks. We investigated the state of three disturbed spruce stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park (Slovakia) through various physiological processes. Tree-growth characteristics, the mineral nutrition in the needles, and photosynthetic efficiency were assessed. Two techniques of chlorophyll a fluorescence and analyses of assimilatory pigments were used to detect the changes in photosynthesis functioning. Also, the heat sensitivity of photosystem II was tested. Our results showed that these stands are located in nutrient-poor environments. We recorded similar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, and iron in all stands. Down the vertical transect, the contents of calcium, magnesium, and manganese significantly decreased and the non-essential aluminium increased. Based on stem circumference measurements, water deficit occurred during the vegetation season in all stands, but with the smallest magnitude highest U–stand. We found some photosynthetic constraints: slightly lower chlorophyll contents in all stands were recorded; however, seasonal dynamics with increasing chlorophyll concentration in the highest U–stand were observed. Moreover, the photochemistry of the lowest D–stand was the most negatively influenced by simulated heat, as the photosynthetic performance index, and the density of the active reactions centres significantly decreased and the values of the K–step and basal fluorescence increased. Therefore, we can conclude the different levels of physiological vitality in these naturally damaged spruce stands, with the best physiological performance of the trees in the highest stand.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0323-1046
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/forj-2020-0019
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635734-3
    SSG: 23
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of testers on the ISE effect
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2022
    In:  Materials Testing Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2022-04-26), p. 550-562
    Details
    In: Materials Testing, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2022-04-26), p. 550-562
    Abstract: In the micro-hardness range of the load, the measurement is complicated by the occurrence of the Indentation Size Effect (ISE) – the measured value of the micro-hardness is affected by the value of the applied load. The paper aims to study the influence of the automatic testers on the character type and size of the ISE. Ten testers and five standard reference blocks were involved in the “round-robin test”. Parameters of the ISE were evaluated using Meyer’s, Hays–Kendall, and PSR methods and also by statistical methods (ANOVA, t -test, regression, and cluster analysis). Despite the assumptions, a statistically significant impact of the hardness tester was found not only on the measured value but also on the character and size of ISE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-5300 , 2195-8572
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/mt-2021-2088
    RVK:
    ZG 1100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2280363-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 206395-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of the European bark beetle Ips typographus on biochemical and growth properties of wood and needles in Siberian spruce Picea obovata
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Central European Forestry Journal Vol. 66, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 243-254
    Details
    In: Central European Forestry Journal, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 66, No. 4 ( 2020-12-01), p. 243-254
    Abstract: European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is an important driver of ecological processes in spruce stands, with severe effects on forestry economies. To prevent bark beetle outbreaks, early detection of infestations is a crucial step in forest management. It is expected that bark beetle infestation modifies biochemical composition of wood and needles, alters physiological responses in the early stage of infestation, which results in the reduction of tree growth and ultimately a tree death. Therefore, we studied the differences in biochemical composition of wood, content of photosynthesis-related pigments, shoot morphology, and growth between the healthy Siberian spruce trees ( Picea obovata ) and trees which were infested by I. typographus . The study was performed in five experimental plots established in the south of the Udmurt Republic in the European part of the Russian Federation. Three infested and three non-infested trees were chosen on each plot. Our results showed no significant effect of bark beetle infestation on the content of main structural components of wood – holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. On the other hand, we found differences in the content of extractive substances in the wood. Specifically, we found a higher tannin content in the non-infested trees. The content of photosynthesis-related pigments differed between the non-infested and infested trees as well. Unexpectedly, bark beetle infestation caused the overproduction of both pigment types rather than their degradation. Moreover, we observed that a higher amount of total extractive substances positively affected the incremental growth, whereas tannins supported the growth of shoots and needles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0323-1046
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/forj-2020-0025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635734-3
    SSG: 23
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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