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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Discovery of an Undocumented Lake Sturgeon Spawning Site in the Headwaters of the Niagara River
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-06-01), p. 266-273
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-06-01), p. 266-273
    Abstract: Information about spawning fish is important to stock-assessment data needs (i.e., recruitment and fecundity) and management (i.e., habitat connectivity and protection). In Lake Erie, information about Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens early-life history is available for the Detroit River and Lake St. Clair system in the western basin, but fisheries biologists know comparatively little about Lake Sturgeon in the eastern basin. Although researchers have summarized historical spawning areas, no known natural Lake Sturgeon spawning site is described in Lake Erie proper. Researchers documented a remnant population of reproductively mature Lake Sturgeon near the headwaters of the Niagara River in eastern Lake Erie in 2011. Researchers hypothesized that a spawning site was likely in the immediate vicinity of the Niagara River headwaters near Buffalo Harbor, New York; however, its exact location was unknown. We attempted to locate spawning sites near the confluence of the Niagara River using egg traps at three potential spawning sites. We identified Lake Sturgeon eggs at one of these sites using morphological and genetic techniques. Lake Sturgeon eggs collected on one sampling trip began to emerge when placed in preservative, confirming that eggs deposited at this site are fertilized and viable, and that the area supports viable embryos. This discovery fills data gaps in the early-life history for this population, which has domestic and international management implications with respect to proposed recovery targets, stock assessment models, habitat remediation efforts, and status determinations of a protected species in a geographic region designated as an Area of Concern by the International Joint Commission.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/102017-JFWM-087
    DOI: 10.3996/102017-JFWM-087.s4
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2646687-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Growth and Survival of Hatchery-Produced Atlantic Sturgeon Released as Young-of-Year into the Hudson River, New York
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2012-06-01), p. 23-32
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2012-06-01), p. 23-32
    Abstract: In 2007, a team of U.S. scientists performed a status review of Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus and concluded that the species would likely become endangered (U.S. Endangered Species Act 1973, as amended) in the foreseeable future over much of its range, including populations of the New York Bight, which is comprised of the Hudson and Delaware rivers. Therefore, we evaluated an experimental release of hatchery-produced Atlantic sturgeon that took place in 1994 to determine the value of using stocked fish as a population recovery tool. We obtained recapture data on hatchery fish (identified by presence of pelvic fin removal) from the Atlantic Coast Sturgeon Tagging Database. Our evaluation of retention for a pelvic fin removal mark on hatchery fish showed that 36% of clipped individuals retained a clean fin clip after 49 d. The minimum survival rate for hatchery fish to age 5 was estimated to be in the range of 0.49–0.66% using documented recaptures (N  =  24), known number of fish stocked, and results of the pelvic fin removal evaluation. Length and weight-at-age for recaptured hatchery fish at known ages 5–17 were within the range of values reported for wild fish whose ages were estimated by pectoral spine analysis. We also report that one ripe male hatchery fish at age 15 was captured along with other spermiating males at its parental spawning area in the Hudson River in 2009.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/012011-JFWM-005
    DOI: 10.3996/012011-jfwm-005.s1
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Functional Relationship Between Watershed Size and Atlantic Salmon Parr Density
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2010-06-01), p. 3-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2010-06-01), p. 3-10
    Abstract: Atlantic salmon Salmon salar are at critically low levels in Maine rivers and maintaining current populations depends heavily on the stocking of hatchery-produced fry. Fry survival varies greatly not only among rivers but also within rivers. Better understanding of this spatial variability is needed to improve population recovery efforts. Quantile regression was used to examine how parr density varies along stream gradients as a function of the upstream cumulative drainage. Regression quantiles (τ  =  0.15–0.90) had significant negative slopes indicating that, in general, as cumulative drainage area increased, parr density decreased. The τ  =  0.90 quantile model, which may be viewed as an upper limit to parr density for a given cumulative drainage area, was density  =  [10⁁(1.0679 − 0.0013 · km2)] − 1. Quantile regression models were then combined with river-specific habitat data in a Geographic Information System to predict total Atlantic salmon parr production in several rivers. This analysis will help managers determine the potential of a stream reach or entire river to support Atlantic salmon parr and to prioritize and increase the effectiveness of management activities such as fry stocking and habitat restoration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/JFWM-007
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-Term Effects of Large Woody Debris Addition on Stream Habitat and Brook Trout Populations
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2010-11-01), p. 146-151
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2010-11-01), p. 146-151
    Abstract: In this study, we resurveyed stream habitat and sampled brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations 6 y after large woody debris additions to determine long-term changes in habitat and brook trout populations. In a previous study, we added large woody debris to eight streams in the central Appalachians of West Virginia to determine whether stream habitat could be enhanced and brook trout populations increased following habitat manipulation. The large woody debris additions had no overall effect on stream habitat and brook trout populations by 6 y after the additions. The assumption that a lack of large woody debris is limiting stream habitat and brook trout populations was not supported by our results. In high-gradient streams, habitat complexity may be governed more by the abundance of boulders and large woody debris may have a lesser influence on trout populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/012010-JFWM-002
    DOI: 10.3996/012010-JFWM-002.S4
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Combining Field Data With Computer Simulations to Determine a Representative Reach for Brook Trout Assessment
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2012-12-01), p. 209-222
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2012-12-01), p. 209-222
    Abstract: Fisheries biologists often use backpack electrofishing to sample stream fish. A common goal of sampling is to estimate density and/or biomass to make inferences about the status and trends of fish populations. One challenge when estimating population size is determining an appropriate site or reach length to sample. In this study, we empirically determined the required length of stream that needs to be sampled, assuming the study design is one site per stream, in order to achieve a desired level of accuracy for brook trout density and biomass estimates in Pennsylvania headwater streams. Long sample reaches (600 m) were chosen on seven first to third order streams and these sites were broken into twelve 50-m subreaches. Each subreach was sampled by removal electrofishing techniques until either five electrofishing passes were completed or no brook trout were captured. The total density and biomass of brook trout over all 50-m subreaches was considered the “true” density and biomass for the entire reach. We then performed computer simulations in which various numbers of 50-m subreaches were randomly selected and catches from each subreach were summed within the first three electrofishing passes to simulate removal sampling of site lengths ranging from 50 to 550 m. Population estimates were made using a removal estimator and density and biomass were calculated using various stratification schemes based on fish age and size. Estimates of density and biomass were then compared to the true values to assess the possible range in bias of estimates for a given reach length. Results from our simulations suggest a 200- to 250-m-long or a 400- to 450-m-long stream reach or site is needed to estimate brook trout density and biomass within 50% and 25%, respectively, of the true density and biomass. This information and our methodology will be valuable to fisheries managers in developing standardized protocols for assessing trout populations in small streams.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/032012-JFWM-027
    DOI: 10.3996/032012-jfwm-027-s5
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2646687-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Age and Growth of Niagara River Lake Sturgeon
    U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2020-12-01), p. 634-643
    Details
    In: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2020-12-01), p. 634-643
    Abstract: Knowledge of the distribution of ages of fish within a stock, and subsequently individual growth rates, allows managers the ability to calculate key metrics (i.e., recruitment, mortality, and stock growth rate) that greatly improve stock assessment models. Two remnant stocks of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens exist near and within the Niagara River, one primarily occupying the headwaters and the other primarily occupying the mouth. Though initial efforts in the late 1990s collected data on the lower Niagara River stock, a long-term comprehensive examination of age and growth is lacking and the age structure of the stock found at the headwaters has yet to be formally described to our knowledge. To ascertain the current age structure of these two stocks we sampled Lake Sturgeon in the lower Niagara River and at the headwaters of the Niagara River between 2012 and 2017 and took a portion of the leading pectoral fin spine of captured Lake Sturgeon for age estimation. Ages ranged between 4 and 42 y, with females generally being older and larger than males. The median age appeared to increase from 14 to 18 y throughout our study in both stocks. Lengths at age of both stocks were larger than those reported in other systems and growth rates appear to have increased over the past decade in the lower Niagara River. Despite efforts to improve age estimation accuracy, age estimates from fish whose ages were partly known (derived from multiple age estimates from fish that were captured multiple times) demonstrated that assigned ages may have greater error than expected. Additionally, a lack of young individuals confounded growth analyses. Although there was uncertainty in the assigned ages, this study still provides evidence of consistent recruitment in both stocks and, to our knowledge, the first characterization of the age structure of the Lake Sturgeon stock occupying the headwaters of the Niagara River.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-687X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3996/102019-JFWM-085
    DOI: 10.3996/102019-JFWM-085.S3
    Language: English
    Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2646687-9
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