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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Journal of Rheumatology ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Rheumatology Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2011-04), p. 760-763
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2011-04), p. 760-763
    Abstract: To present preliminary data on incidence of malignancy in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), compared to general population rates. Methods. We examined cancer occurrence within JIA registries at 3 Canadian pediatric rheumatology centers. The subjects in the clinic registries were linked to regional tumor registries to determine the occurrence of invasive cancers over the observation period (spanning 1974–2006). The total number of cancers expected was determined by multiplying the person-years in the cohort by age, sex, and calendar year-specific cancer rates. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR, ratio of cancers observed to expected) was generated, with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The study sample consisted of 1834 patients. The female proportion was 67.6%; average age at entry to cohort was 8.6 years (SD 5.1). The majority were Caucasian. Subjects contributed 22,341 patient-years (average 12.2, SD 7.8). Within this observation period, one invasive cancer occurred, compared to 7.9 expected (SIR 0.12, 95% CI 0.0, 0.70). This was a hematological cancer (Hodgkin’s lymphoma), representing a SIR for hematological malignancies of 0.76 (95% CI 0.02, 4.21). Conclusion. Only one invasive cancer was identified in this large sample of individuals with JIA, observed for an average of 12.2 years each. These data suggest that, at least in the initial years following diagnosis of JIA, the risk of invasive cancers overall is not markedly increased. The results do not rule out the possibility of a baseline increased risk of hematological malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 2
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology
    Abstract: Chronic inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis (PsO), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), have a high burden among women of reproductive age. There has been significant interest in finding safe ways of controlling disease activity during pregnancy without adversely affecting the pregnancy or offspring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752 , 0315-162X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 3
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 1010-1015
    Abstract: To estimate the indirect costs associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) compared with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and community controls. Methods. Data were obtained from 84 women patients with pSS as part of a study to develop a systemic activity measure, from 87 consecutive women patients with RA attending a hospital clinic, and from 96 women community controls on a general practice list. A modified economic component of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire was used to assess lost productivity. Results. Using a conservative model, the estimated total annual indirect costs (95% CI) were £7677 (£5560, £9794) for pSS, £10,444 (£8206, £12,681) for RA, and £892 (£307, £1478) for controls. Using a model that maximizes the estimates, the equivalent figures were £13,502 (£9542, £17,463), £17,070 (£13,112, £21,028), and £3382 (£2187, £4578), respectively. These were all significantly greater at p 〈 0.001 for patient groups than for the control group. Conclusion. pSS is associated with significantly increased indirect costs equivalent to 69%–83% of that for patients with RA. This needs to be taken into account when evaluating the overall economic consequences of pSS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Journal of Rheumatology ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Rheumatology Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2011-05), p. 885-888
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2011-05), p. 885-888
    Abstract: Little information exists regarding the economic burden related to inflammatory myopathies. Our objective was to estimate health services costs in a large, unselected, population-based sample of patients with inflammatory myopathies. Methods. We identified subjects with polymyositis and dermatomyositis from administrative healthcare databases (covering all beneficiaries, about 7.5 million) in Quebec province, Canada. Average estimates of health services costs (physician visits, diagnostic tests and procedures, outpatient surgeries and procedures, acute care hospitalizations) for 2003 were calculated by multiplying health service use levels by the appropriate unit prices, determined from government fee schedules and other sources. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to establish whether specific factors (age, sex, disease duration, region of residence, socioeconomic status, type of myositis, disease severity) were associated with cost. Results. We identified 1102 subjects with inflammatory myopathy from January 1, 1989, to January 1, 2003. About two-thirds were women (68.9%); average age at case ascertainment was 57.4 years (SD 18.4). The average cost of all reimbursed health services, in 2008 Canadian dollars, was $4099 per patient (SD $9639). Costs increased with age, and were highest early in the disease course. Greater disease severity (defined as the need for prior hospitalization for myositis) was also a strong predictor of both physician costs and total costs. Conclusion. These results indicate significant economic burden related to inflammatory myopathies, with important demographic predictors. Our estimates suggest that the health services costs in inflammatory myopathies may equal, or exceed, those of other serious diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Journal of Rheumatology ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of Rheumatology Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2009-05), p. 947-952
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2009-05), p. 947-952
    Abstract: To evaluate the relationship between renal activity and quality of life (QOL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. Three hundred eighty-six patients completed annual Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 questionnaires and physicians completed the SLE Disease Activity Index and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index. Concurrent association between renal activity and QOL was evaluated through regression models that adjusted for demographics and nonrenal disease activity and nonrenal damage. To characterize the longitudinal relationship between change in renal activity and change in QOL, all renal activity and QOL data over the entire study were used to estimate a linear trend within each individual patient through hierarchical modeling. Results. In the regression model that assessed the association between renal activity and QOL, on average, each additional renal activity item fulfilled was associated with a 2.04-unit (95% CI 0.88, 3.24) decrease in the physical function subscale, a 5.28-unit (95% CI 2.76, 7.76) decrease in the role-physical subscale, a 2.24-unit (95% CI 0.72, 3.80) decrease in the social function subscale, and a 1.16-unit (95% CI 0.60, 1.72) decrease in the physical component summary score. In the hierarchical model, no association was observed between changes in renal activity and QOL. Conclusion. Patients with SLE and active renal disease concurrently experience a slightly poorer QOL than those without renal disease, especially in the physical domains. Because the confidence intervals were wide, we could not accurately estimate whether a longitudinal change in renal activity was associated with a change in QOL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Journal of Rheumatology ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of Rheumatology Vol. 36, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 2691-2693
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 36, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 2691-2693
    Abstract: To evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and cutaneous damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. Our study was performed in SLE clinic registry cohort patients, all of whom fulfilled revised American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE; patients are followed prospectively with annual assessments that include collection of demographic variables, smoking history, disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index version 2000, SLEDAI-2K), medications, and damage scores (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index). Cumulative cutaneous damage scores were used for the primary analyses. Logistic and logit regression models were performed to examine potential associations between current smoking and cutaneous damage, controlling for age, sex, race, lupus disease duration, antimalarial or immunosuppressant use, and anti-DNA and anti-SSA antibody status. Results. Of our sample (N = 276), 92% were women and 73.7% were Caucasian; the mean age was 45.1 years, mean disease duration 13.5 years, and 17.5% were current smokers. In the regression analyses, current cigarette smoking was associated with total cutaneous damage (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.10, 6.81) and with scarring (OR 4.70, 95 CI 1.04, 21.2). In additional analyses, current smoking was also associated with active lupus rash (OR 6.18, 95% CI 1.63, 23.3). Conclusions. Current cigarette smoking may be associated with cutaneous damage and active lupus rash in SLE, suggesting another reason to emphasize smoking cessation in patients with SLE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 7
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 45, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 393-396
    Abstract: To assess lung cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), relative to demographics, drug exposures, smoking, and disease activity. Methods. We analyzed data from 14 SLE cohorts. We calculated adjusted HR estimates for lung cancer in SLE, relative to demographics, smoking, time-dependent medication exposures, and cumulative disease activity [mean adjusted SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores]. This project was approved by the ethics boards of all participating institutions, including the Institutional Review Board of the McGill University Health Centre. The ethics approval number for the Cancer Risk study is GEN-06-031. Results. Within these 14 SLE cohorts, 49 incident lung cancers occurred. Among lung cancer cases, 59.0% were in the highest SLEDAI quartile at baseline versus 40.8% of lung cancer–free SLE controls. The vast majority (84.2%) of SLE lung cancer cases were ever-smokers at baseline, versus 40.1% of those without lung cancer. In adjusted models, the principal factors associated with lung cancer were ever smoking (at cohort entry) and current age. Estimated adjusted effects of all drugs were relatively imprecise, but did not point toward any drug exposures as strong lung cancer risk factors. Conclusion. We saw no clear evidence for drugs as a trigger for lung cancer risk in SLE, although drug risk estimates were relatively imprecise. Smoking may be the most significant modifiable lung cancer risk factor in SLE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 8
    In: The Journal of Rheumatology, The Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2011-04), p. 658-666
    Abstract: To compare the healthcare cost and loss of productivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with (LN) and without lupus nephritis (lupus nephritis-negative, LNN). Method. Patients were classified into those with active (ALN and ALNN) and inactive disease (ILN and ILNN). Patients reported on visits to healthcare professionals and use of diagnostic tests, medications, assistive devices, alternative treatments, hospital emergency visits, surgical procedures, and hospitalizations as well as loss of productivity in the 4 weeks preceding enrollment. Results. Enrollment was 141 patients, 79 with LN and 62 LNN. Patients with LN were more likely to visit rheumatologists and nephrologists, undergo diagnostic tests, and had higher costs for medications than patients who were LNN. The annual healthcare cost averaged $CAN 12,597 ± 9946 for patients with LN and $10,585 ± 13,149 for patients who were LNN, a difference of $2012 (95% CI –$2075, $6100). Patients with ALN had more diagnostic tests and surgical procedures, contributing to a significantly higher annual direct cost ($14,224 ± 10,265) compared to patients with ILN ($9142 ± 8419) and a difference of $5082 (95% CI $591, $9573). The healthcare cost was not different between patients with ALNN and patients with ILNN. In patients with LN and patients who were LNN, 〈 50% were employed and on average missed 6.5–9 days of work per month. The loss of productivity was significantly higher for caregivers of patients with LN than caregivers of patients who were LNN. Conclusion. Healthcare cost and loss of productivity were similar between patients with LN and patients who were LNN; the loss of productivity for caregivers is higher for patients with LN; and the healthcare cost is greater in ALN than in ILN.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-162X , 1499-2752
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Journal of Rheumatology
    Publication Date: 2011
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