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  • The American Association of Immunologists  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The American Association of Immunologists ; 2006
    In:  The Journal of Immunology Vol. 177, No. 4 ( 2006-08-15), p. 2691-2698
    In: The Journal of Immunology, The American Association of Immunologists, Vol. 177, No. 4 ( 2006-08-15), p. 2691-2698
    Abstract: Activation of alloreactive T cells by APCs such as dendritic cells (DC) has been implicated as crucial step in transplant rejection. In contrast, it has been proposed that macrophages (Mφ) maintain tolerance toward alloantigens. It was therefore the aim of this study to further analyze the T cell-stimulatory capacity of mature DC and Mφ in vitro using the model of allogeneic MLR. There was a strong proliferative response in T cells cocultured with DC, which was further increased upon restimulation in a secondary MLR. In contrast, T cells did not proliferate in cocultures with Mφ despite costimulation with anti-CD28 and IL-2. Cytokine analysis revealed considerable levels of IL-10 in cocultures of T cells with Mφ, whereas high amounts of IL-2 and IFN-γ were present in cocultures with DC. There was only minimal T cell proliferation in a secondary MLR when T cells were rescued from primary MLR with Mφ and restimulated with DC of the same donor, or DC of an unrelated donor (third party), whereas a strong primary proliferative response was observed in resting T cells, demonstrating induction of T cell anergy by Mφ. Functional analysis of T cells rescued from cocultures with Mφ demonstrated that anergy was at least partly mediated by IL-10-producing regulatory T cells induced by Mφ. These results demonstrate that Mφ drive the differentiation of regulatory T cells and mediate anergy in allogeneic T cells, supporting the concept that Mφ maintain peripheral tolerance in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1767 , 1550-6606
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    Language: English
    Publisher: The American Association of Immunologists
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475085-5
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  • 2
    In: The Journal of Immunology, The American Association of Immunologists, Vol. 170, No. 11 ( 2003-06-01), p. 5406-5413
    Abstract: Several in vitro and animal studies have been performed to modulate the interaction of APCs and T cells by Fas (CD95/Apo-1) signaling to delete activated T cells in an Ag-specific manner. However, due to the difficulties in vector generation and low transduction frequencies, similar studies with primary human APC are still lacking. To evaluate whether Fas ligand (FasL/CD95L) expressing killer APC could be generated from primary human APC, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were transduced using the inducible Cre/Loxp adenovirus vector system. Combined transduction of DC by AdLoxpFasL and AxCANCre, but not single transduction with these vectors, resulted in dose- and time-dependent expression of FasL in & gt;70% of mature DC (mDC), whereas & lt;20% of immature DC (iDC) expressed FasL. In addition, transduction by AdLoxpFasL and AxCANCre induced apoptosis in & gt;80% of iDC, whereas FasL-expressing mDC were protected from FasL/Fas (CD95/Apo-1)-mediated apoptosis despite coexpression of Fas. FasL-expressing mDC eliminated Fas+ Jurkat T cells as well as activated primary T cells by apoptosis, whereas nonactivated primary T cells were not deleted. Induction of apoptosis in Fas+ target cells required expression of FasL in DC and cell-to-cell contact between effector and target cell, and was not dependent on soluble FasL. Induction of apoptosis in Fas+ target cells required expression of FasL in DC, cell-to-cell contact between effector and target cell, and was not dependent on soluble FasL. The present results demonstrate that FasL-expressing killer APC can be generated from human monocyte-derived mDC using adenoviral gene transfer. Our results support the strategy to use killer APCs as immunomodulatory cells for the treatment of autoimmune disease and allograft rejection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1767 , 1550-6606
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The American Association of Immunologists
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475085-5
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  • 3
    In: The Journal of Immunology, The American Association of Immunologists, Vol. 174, No. 11 ( 2005-06-01), p. 7111-7122
    Abstract: Expression of the mouse transcription factor EC (Tfec) is restricted to the myeloid compartment, suggesting a function for Tfec in the development or function of these cells. However, mice lacking Tfec develop normally, indicating a redundant role for Tfec in myeloid cell development. We now report that Tfec is specifically induced in bone marrow-derived macrophages upon stimulation with the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, or LPS. LPS induced a rapid and transient up-regulation of Tfec mRNA expression and promoter activity, which was dependent on a functional NF-κB site. IL-4, however, induced a rapid, but long-lasting, increase in Tfec mRNA, which, in contrast to LPS stimulation, also resulted in detectable levels of Tfec protein. IL-4-induced transcription of Tfec was absent in macrophages lacking Stat6, and its promoter depended on two functional Stat6-binding sites. A global comparison of IL-4-induced genes in both wild-type and Tfec mutant macrophages revealed a surprisingly mild phenotype with only a few genes affected by Tfec deficiency. These included the G-CSFR (Csf3r) gene that was strongly up-regulated by IL-4 in wild-type macrophages and, to a lesser extent, in Tfec mutant macrophages. Our study also provides a general definition of the transcriptome in alternatively activated mouse macrophages and identifies a large number of novel genes characterizing this cell type.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1767 , 1550-6606
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The American Association of Immunologists
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475085-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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