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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cotton Stage of Growth Determines Sensitivity to 2,4-D
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Weed Technology Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2016-09), p. 601-610
    Details
    In: Weed Technology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2016-09), p. 601-610
    Abstract: La anticipada liberación de cultivares Enlist™ de algodón, maíz, y soja probablemente incrementará el uso de 2,4-D, aumentando así la preocupación del daño potencial en algodón susceptible. Se realizó un experimento en 12 localidades durante 2013 y 2014 para determinar el impacto de 2,4-D a dosis de deriva simulada (2 g ae ha −1 ) y de contaminación en tanque (40 g ae ha −1 ) sobre algodón durante seis estadios de crecimiento diferente. Los estadios de crecimiento al momento de aplicación incluyeron cuatro hojas (4-lf), nueve hojas (9-lf), primer brote florar (FB), FB + 2 semanas (wk), FB + 4 wk, y FB + 6 wk. Las localidades fueron agrupadas según el porcentaje de pérdida de rendimiento al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento (NTC), teniendo el grupo I la menor pérdida de rendimiento y el grupo III la mayor. La epinastia producto de 2,4-D fue más pronunciada con aplicaciones durante los estadios de crecimiento vegetativo. Importantemente, la pérdida en el rendimiento no correlacionó con la sintomatología visual, pero siguió de cerca los efectos en el número de frutos. La dosis de contaminación a 9-lf, FB, o FB + 2 wk tuvo el mayor efecto en todas las localidades, reduciendo el número de frutos por planta cuando se comparó con el NTC, pero sin tener efecto cuando se aplicó en FB + 4 wk o después. La reducción en el número de frutos no fue detectable con la dosis de deriva excepto en el grupo III cuando se aplicó en el estadio FB. El rendimiento fue influenciado por la dosis de 2,4-D y el estadio de crecimiento del algodón. Considerando todas las localidades, las pérdidas de rendimiento mayor a 20% ocurrieron en 5 de 12 localidades cuando se aplicó la dosis de deriva entre 4-lf y FB + 2 wk (mayor impacto a FB). Para la dosis de contaminación, la pérdida en rendimiento fue observada en todas las 12 localidades. Al promediar todas las localidades, la pérdida de rendimiento varió entre 7 y 66% entre todos los estadios de crecimiento. Los resultados sugieren que el mayor impacto en el rendimiento causado por 2,4-D ocurre entre 9-lf y FB + 2 wk, y el nivel de impacto es influenciado por la dosis de 2,4-D, el estadio de crecimiento, y las condiciones ambientales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-037X , 1550-2740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1614/WT-D-15-00191.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2119100-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tillage and Irrigation Impact on Early and Late Maturing Cotton Cultivars
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Agronomy Journal Vol. 111, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 1620-1633
    Details
    In: Agronomy Journal, Wiley, Vol. 111, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 1620-1633
    Abstract: There was little interaction between tillage and irrigation on agronomic parameters. Excessive rainfall minimized agronomic benefits of the rolled rye cover crop. Continuous experiments are likely optimal to properly evaluate cover crop systems. Concerns surrounding agricultural water use have increased interest in investigating more efficient cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) production practices. A study was conducted to determine potential water savings from using a conservation tillage system employing a cereal rye ( Secale cereale L.) cover crop. The performance of early and late maturing cotton cultivars was assessed in two tillage systems, conventional or strip tillage with a rye cover crop, under various irrigation levels (100, 75, and 50% of University of Georgia recommendations, and non‐irrigated) to determine the effect of crop growth, development, and yield in Camilla, GA (2013 and 2014), Moultrie, GA (2014), and Vienna, GA (2014). At Camilla, increases in irrigation typically benefited the cotton crop regardless of tillage treatment; however, there was little difference between the two highest irrigation treatments, suggesting that application rates 〈 100% recommendations could result in water savings. During 2013, excessive rainfall resulted in minimal soil moisturedifferences; subsequently, cotton growth, development, and yield were negatively impacted under strip tillage compared with conventional. Although almost half the rainfall was received in 2014 compared with 2013, and the conservation tillage system benefited crop growth and development, no yield differences were observed. At Moultrie and Vienna, either no difference between tillage systems or only benefits to crop growth and development in the conventional tillage system occurred. Results illustrate that the potential impact of cover crops is highly dependent on environmental conditions and is likely minimal under slight to moderate water deficit conditions, but can be detrimental when excessive rainfall occurs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-1962 , 1435-0645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2134/agronj2017.11.0643
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471598-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality Models for Surgical Planning of Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy on Surgical Outcomes : A Randomized Clinical Trial
    American Medical Association (AMA) ; 2019
    In:  JAMA Network Open Vol. 2, No. 9 ( 2019-09-18), p. e1911598-
    Details
    In: JAMA Network Open, American Medical Association (AMA), Vol. 2, No. 9 ( 2019-09-18), p. e1911598-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2574-3805
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.11598
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2931249-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On-Clamp vs. Off-Clamp Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy for cT2 Renal Tumors: Retrospective Propensity-Score-Matched Multicenter Outcome Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 4431-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 4431-
    Abstract: We compared perioperative outcomes after on-clamp versus off-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for 〉 7 cm renal masses. A multicenter dataset was queried for patients who had undergone RAPN for a cT2cN0cM0 kidney tumor from July 2007 to February 2022. The Trifecta achievement (negative surgical margins, no severe complications, and ≤ 30% postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction) was considered a surrogate of surgical quality. Overall, 316 cases were included in the analysis, and 58% achieved the Trifecta. A propensity-score-matched analysis generated two cohorts of 89 patients homogeneous for age, ASA score, preoperative eGFR, and RENAL score (all p 〉 0.21). Compared to the on-clamp approach, OT was significantly shorter in the off-clamp group (80 vs. 190 min; p 〈 0.001), the incidence of sRFD was lower (22% vs. 40%; p = 0.01), and the Trifecta rate higher (66% vs. 46%; p = 0.01). In a crude analysis, 〉 20 min of hilar clamping was associated with a significantly higher risk of sRFD (OR: 2.30; 95%CI: 1.13–4.64; p = 0.02) and with reduced probabilities of achieving the Trifecta (OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.27–0.79; p = 0.004). Purely off-clamp RAPN seems to be a safe and viable option to treat cT2 renal masses and may outperform the on-clamp approach regarding perioperative surgical outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184431
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Laboratory Evaluation of Chemigation to Manage Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Economic Entomology Vol. 110, No. 2 ( 2017-04), p. 471-478
    Details
    In: Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 110, No. 2 ( 2017-04), p. 471-478
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-0493 , 1938-291X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow315
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2477182-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030999-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Robotic partial nephrectomy vs minimally invasive radical nephrectomy for clinical T2a renal mass: a propensity score‐matched comparison from the ROSULA (Robotic Surgery for Large Renal Mass) Collaborative Group
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  BJU International Vol. 126, No. 1 ( 2020-07), p. 114-123
    Details
    In: BJU International, Wiley, Vol. 126, No. 1 ( 2020-07), p. 114-123
    Abstract: To compare outcomes of minimally invasive radical nephrectomy (MIS‐RN) and robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in clinical T2a renal mass (cT2aRM). Patients and Methods Retrospective, multicentre, propensity score‐matched (PSM) comparison of RAPN and MIS‐RN for cT2aRM (T2aN0M0). Cohorts were PSM for age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, clinical tumour size, and R.E.N.A.L. score using a 2:1 ratio for RN:PN. The primary outcome was disease‐free survival (DFS). Secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), complication rates, and de novo estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 〈 45 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Multivariable (MVA) and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses (KMSA) were conducted. Results In all, 648 patients (216 RAPN/432 MIS‐RN) were matched. There were no significant differences in intraoperative complications ( P  = 0.478), Clavien–Dindo Grade ≥III complications ( P  = 0.063), and re‐admissions ( P  = 0.238). The MVA revealed high ASA class (hazard ratio [HR] 2.7, P  = 0.044) and sarcomatoid (HR 5.3, P  = 0.001), but not surgery type ( P  = 0.601) to be associated with all‐cause mortality. Increasing R.E.N.A.L. score (HR 1.31, P  = 0.037), high tumour grade (HR 2.5, P  = 0.043), and sarcomatoid (HR 2.8, P  = 0.02) were associated with recurrence, but not surgery ( P  = 0.555). Increasing age (HR 1.1, P  〈  0.001) and RN (HR 3.9, P  〈  0.001) were predictors of de novo eGFR of 〈 45 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Comparing RAPN and MIS‐RN, KMSA revealed no significant differences for 5‐year OS (76.3% vs 88.0%, P  = 0.221) and 5‐year DFS (78.6% vs 85.3%, P  = 0.630) for pT2 RCC, and no differences for 3‐year OS ( P  = 0.351) and 3‐year DFS ( P  = 0.117) for pT3a upstaged RCC. The 5‐year freedom from de novo eGFR of 〈 45 mL/min/1.73 m 2 was 91.6% for RAPN vs 68.9% for MIS‐RN ( P  〈  0.001). Conclusions RAPN had similar oncological outcomes and morbidity profile as MIS‐RN, while conferring functional benefit. RAPN may be considered as a first‐line option for cT2aRM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1464-4096 , 1464-410X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bju.v126.1
    DOI: 10.1111/bju.15064
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019983-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Parameters do not Detect Yield-limiting Injury from Sub-lethal Rates of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
    Sciencedomain International ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ( 2020-02-12), p. 34-48
    Details
    In: Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, Sciencedomain International, ( 2020-02-12), p. 34-48
    Abstract: Aims: Determine if the use of novel chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters could be utilized to predict yield loss of cotton exposed to sublethal rates of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at various growth stages. Study Design: All trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatment means were subjected to analysis of variance and linear regression was utilized to determine relationship between chlorophyll a parameters and yield. Place and Duration of Study: University of Georgia Gibbs Farm in Tifton, GA, USA and the Sunbelt Agricultural Exposition in Moultrie, GA, USA during the 2013 growing season. Methodology: Two sublethal rates of 2,4-D were applied to cotton at six distinct growth stages. The rates consisted of 2 g and 40 g ae ha-1 equivalent to 1/421 and 1/21 of the full rate (0.532 kg ae ha-1), respectively. The sublethal rates were applied to cotton at six growth stages, including the four leaf, nine leaf, first bloom, two, four and six weeks after first bloom growth stages. A fluorometer was used to obtain the fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, ΦEO and PIABS from the uppermost fully expanded leaves at various intervals after 2,4-D exposure. Results: Despite yield losses ranging from 20 – 90% of the non-treated control, no consistent patterns resulted from utilizing fluorescence transients to detect 2,4-D injury and overall instances of significant difference were minimal and typically not biologically relevant. In many cases, treatments exposed to 2,4-D that exhibited yield loss showed evidence of greater photosynthetic efficiency than the non-treated control. In the majority of instances, many of fluorescence parameters measured fell within ranges observed in previous studies in cotton produced under typical or non-stressed conditions. Conclusion: While it has been proven as a valuable tool in other plant screening endeavors, chlorophyll a fluorescence were not able to detect the effects of sub-lethal rates of 2,4-D on cotton, even in instances that resulted in severe yield loss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-0591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i130449
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Leaf Pubescence and Defoliation Strategy Influence on Cotton Defoliation and Fiber Quality
    The Cotton Foundation ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Cotton Science Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016), p. 280-293
    Details
    In: Journal of Cotton Science, The Cotton Foundation, Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016), p. 280-293
    Abstract: Proper defoliation of cotton is critical to maximize both harvest efficiency and fiber quality. Increased levels of leaf grade or trash resulting from inadequate defoliation can lead to decreases in fiber quality and value. Inherent characteristics of cultivars, such as leaf pubescence levels and defoliation practices influence the efficacy of cotton defoliation. This study aimed to determine the impact of leaf pubescence and defoliation strategies on defoliation success and fiber quality in cotton. Treatments included a factorial of four cultivars and two defoliation treatments. Cultivars included two smooth-leaf cultivars and two cultivars with greater leaf pubescence ratings. Defoliation treatments included a standard program and an aggressive program with increased rates of the same defoliant mixture and the addition of a desiccant. There were few instances of a cultivar-by-defoliation strategy interaction, however, both cultivar and defoliation strategy had a significant effect on defoliation ratings. The aggressive defoliation treatment decreased defoliation and increased desiccation in all three locations but did not influence yield or fiber quality. In two of three locations, cultivars with higher leaf pubescence ratings resulted in increased leaf grades and HVI trash ratings compared with the smooth leaf cultivars. The results of this study suggest that the defoliation strategy can impact efficacy of defoliation, whereas leaf pubescence characteristics influence fiber quality parameters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1524-3303
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.56454/VBZR9427
    DOI: 10.56454/HXYT5212
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: The Cotton Foundation
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000204-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PD41-05 PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHED COMPARISON OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE PARTIAL AND RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY FOR CLINICAL T2A RENAL MASS: ANALYSIS OF THE ROBOTIC SURGERY FOR LARGE RENAL MASSES (ROSULA) GROUP
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Urology Vol. 201, No. Supplement 4 ( 2019-04)
    Details
    In: Journal of Urology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 201, No. Supplement 4 ( 2019-04)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-5347 , 1527-3792
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/01.JU.0000556549.16599.45
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ensemble Method of Deep Learning, Color Segmentation, and Image Transformation to Track, Localize, and Count Cotton Bolls Using a Moving Camera in Real-Time
    American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) ; 2021
    In:  Transactions of the ASABE Vol. 64, No. 1 ( 2021), p. 341-352
    Details
    In: Transactions of the ASABE, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Vol. 64, No. 1 ( 2021), p. 341-352
    Abstract: Highlights An ensemble method using color segmentation, deep learning, and image transformation was developed. Experiments were conducted to compare the method with other state-of-the-art tracking algorithms. The optimized ensemble method to track bolls achieved 94.4% accuracy using weakly trained tiny YOLOv2 models. The method achieved 7.6 frames per second and outperformed five other tracking methods. Abstract . In robotic applications, good perception can be computationally costly and create undesirable latency before a control decision is initiated. Most of the methods available for object detection deep learning are either fast with low accuracy or slow with high accuracy. Fast and accurate methods are necessary to track and localize objects such as cotton bolls that may be visible or occluded by each other or not well illuminated. In this study, an ensemble of a deep learning method and other image processing techniques was used to detect cotton bolls in-field on defoliated plants. In each image, a trained deep learning method, the YOLOv2 model, was used to detect open cotton bolls, and color segmentation was applied to confirm if the bolls detected by the YOLOv2 model were actually white to avoid false positives. Boll tracking was performed by following the spatial movement of good features on the edges of the bolls using the Lucas-Kanade algorithm. An image transformation algorithm was applied to the next image in case the previously detected boll was lost to retrieve the information of the missing boll. Each tracked and localized boll was stored and counted to give the total number of bolls detected. In this study, detection accuracy was sacrificed for image processing speed by using the YOLOv2 model. Detection accuracy was improved by using an ensemble method that combined image color segmentation, optical flow, and image transformation. This method was compared to eight other open-source methods implemented in OpenCV. The ensemble method detected and counted bolls at a speed of 7.6 fps with an accuracy of 94.4% using the Jetson TX2 embedded system to process 1K resolution images, outperforming the other OpenCV methods in various measurements. Keywords: Boll counting, Cotton, Cotton harvesting, DarkFlow, Darknet, Deep learning, Machine vision, YOLOv2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-0040
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.13031/trans.13112
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
    Publication Date: 2021
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