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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extented esophago-gastretomy as surgical treatment for carcinoma of the cardia (1981)
    Springer
    Surgery today 11 (1981), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: carcinoma of the cardia ; esophagogastrectomy ; isoperistaltic transverse colon interposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract With the object of designing a feasible and more radical surgical intervention for the treatment of carcinoma of the gastric cardia and improving the long term survival of these patients, a procedure was described which entails total esophagogastrectomy and resection of the distal pancreas, spleen and regional lymphnodes. The esophagus was mobilizedvia the diaphragmatic hiatus without thoracotomy. Intestinal continuity, installed isoperistaltically was restituted in the same operation using a segment of transverse and descending colon transferred to the left lateral cervial aspect by way of the posterior mediastinum. The procedure was used in four patients and mortality and serious complications were nil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02468953
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow development of xanthan solutions in capillary rheometers (1992)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 31 (1992), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Capillary rheometer ; xanthan solutions ; Bagley correction ; slip development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Flow experiments through capillaries with 0.2% xanthan in aqueous solution and 0.1 N NaCl brine were carried out to study the influence of the molecular conformation on the flow development at relatively low shear rates, from 20s−1 to 400s−1. Capillaries with a wide range of length-to-diameter ratios, L/D = 4.5 to 1015 were used. The apparent viscosity as a function of L/D at a constant shear rate shows a continuous decrement of the viscosity as L/D increases, until an asymptotic value is reached. The decrement in the apparent viscosity is partially explained in terms of slip. It was found that slip is a function of L/D as well as shear stress, i.e., slip develops during flow, thus inducing spatial anisotropy in the fluid until a stable state is reached. However, the substantial difference in apparent viscosity between short capillaries and capillaries longer than 300 D may be attributed to dominant elongational flow due to the contraction in the small capillaries and slip in long capillaries. The flow in a sufficiently long capillary can be divided in four regions rather than three, as is usually assumed. In the first region, which corresponds to the entry, elongational and shear flow coexist and elongational flow dominant. In the second region, end effects and slip development are coupled. In the third region the flow is fully developed and end effects are negligible. However, the fluid shows physical characteristics different from those of the fluid at rest, as a consequence of prior slip development. The fourth zone is the exit region in which the velocity rearranges due to the change of boundary conditions. The length of each region depends on the conformation of the macromolecules and shear rate. In addition, it was found that the stiffness of xanthan increases with the increase of the ionic strength. Finally, a performance of Bagley's analysis in the whole range of L/D studied showed that the use of the Bagley correction is not a reliable way to correct for end effects when the flow is not fully developed and/or in the presence of slip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396470
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excess molar volumes of 1-nonanol withn-heptane at 25, 35 and 45°C1 (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 21 (1992), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess molar volume ; 1-nonanol ; n-heptane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The excess molar volumes V m E at atmospheric pressure and at 25, 35 and 45°C for binary mixtures of 1-nonanol, with n-heptane have been obtained over the whole mole fraction range from densities measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The measurements at 25°C were extended to high dilution of 1-nonanol. The V m E are sigmoid for the three temperatures, with a small maximum at low mole fractions of the alkanol. The absolute values of V m E increase with temperature from 25 to 45°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00649696
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple-electrode method for estimating the polarization resistance in large structures (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 26 (1996), S. 305-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new method for estimating the polarization resistance and the corrosion current from the Stern-Geary equation in cases where the applied signal distributes unevenly over a large real structure acting as working electrode is proposed. In addition to measurements of the current response to an applied potential pulse, the new method takes into account the distribution of polarization values over the working electrode (WE) surface. To this end, relevant information is provided by multiple reference electrodes placed at different points on the WE surface. The method allows estimation of the corrosion current for steel rebars embedded in large concrete structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242100
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISQUAC predictions of phase equilibria, molar and standard partial molar excess quantities for 1-alkanol+cyclohexane mixtures (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 23 (1994), S. 399-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: DISQUAC ; group contribution ; solutions ; phase equilibria ; excess functions ; 1-alkanols ; cyclohexane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Literature data for phase equilibria: vapor-liquid VLE, liquid-liquid LLE, and solid-liquid SLE; molar excess Gibbs energies G E , molar excess enthalpies H E ; activity coefficients γ i ∞ and partial molar excess enthalpies H i E,o at infinite dilution for 1-alkanol (1)+cyclohexane (2) mixtures are examined by the DISQUAC group contribution model. For a more sensitive test of DISQUAC, the azeotropes, obtained from the reduction of the original isothermal VLE data, are also examined for systems characterized by hydroxyl, alkane and cyclohexane groups. The alkane/cyclohexane and alkane/hydroxyl interaction parameters have been estimated previously. The cyclohexane/hydroxyl interaction parameters are reported in this work. The first dispersive parameters increase regularly with the size of the alkanol; from 1-octadecanol they are constant; an opposite behavior is encountered for the third dispersive parameters, which are constant from 1-dodecanol. The second dispersive parameters decrease as far as 1-propanol and then increase regularly; from 1-octadecanol they are constant. The quasichemical parameters are equal to those for the alkane/hydroxyl interactions. Phase equilibria, the molar excess functions, and activity coefficients at infinite dilution are reasonably well reproduced. Poor results are found for H i E,o and DISQUAC predictions for H i E,o are strongly dependent on temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00973111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excess molar volumes of diethyl carbonate with hydrocarbons or tetrachloromethane at 25°C (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 24 (1995), S. 827-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess molar volume ; diethyl carbonate ; n-heptane ; n-decane ; n-tetradecane ; 2,2,4-trimethylpentane ; cyclohexane ; benzene ; toluene ; tetrachloromethane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The excess molar volumes V m E at atmospheric pressure and at 25°C for binary mixtures of diethyl carbonate with n-heptane, n-decane, n-tetradecane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, or tetrachloromethane have been obtained over the whole mole-fraction range from densities measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The V m E are positive for all the systems investigated, except for the mixture with toluene which is negative. The results for V m E together with data previously published on excess molar enthalpies H m E and excess molar Gibbs energies G m E , suggest interactions between carbonate and hydrocarbons which are stronger with aromatic than with aliphatic hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01131047
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective N-propargylation of imidazole under microwave irradiation using some magnesium oxides as catalysts (1994)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 25 (1994), S. 385-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: microwave irradiation ; basic catalysis ; propargylation ; magnesium oxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The alkylation of imidazole (C3H4N2) with propargyl bromide (C3H3Br) using some magnesium oxides as catalysts under microwave irradiation was carried out with a high activity and selectivity. It has been found that it is possible to prepare efficiently N-alkyl derivatives of heterocycles under microwave irradiation in absence of solvent. Under these experimental conditions N-alkylated heterocycles can be obtained with higher selectivities than when using other basic media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00816318
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behaviour of a copper-AISI 304 stainless steel mixed anode in electrolytic copper refining with periodic current reversal (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 16 (1986), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In the search for suitable materials to be used as anode supports in the periodic current reversal refining process this work covers the study of austenitic AISI 304 stainless steel. Experimental results show that the resistance of this steel to the aggressive action of the refining electrolyte is good at the working temperature of 60°C since no corrosion was detected after 24 h of electrolysis. The periodic polarization of this material results in a progressive passivation which was observed by operating under different initial surface conditions and by detecting remnant anodic currents which gradually decreased with time. For time ratios lower than twenty, a build up of metallic copper deposit on the steel part of the mixed anode occurred whatever the current density used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01015988
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal behaviour of xanthinium salts of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 28 (1983), S. 3-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung (XanH+)2(MCl 4 2- )-Salze (worin XanH+ die protonisierte Form von Xanthin bedeutet und M=Zn(II), Cd(II) oder Hg(II) ist) wurden synthetisiert und mit IR,1H-NMR, TG und DSC untersucht. In diesem Fall liegt keine Koordination des Metalls mit dem Liganden vor, und es bildet sich eine salzartige Struktur aus. Das kationische Proton ist an N(7) lokalisiert. Die thermische Zersetzung dieser Salze erfolgt in zwei Schritten: (i) Dehalogenisierung und (ii) Zersetzung. Dehalogenierungsenthalpien wurden aus DSC-Kurven berechnet.
    Abstract: Резюме Синтезированы и изуч ены с помощью ИК- и ПМР-спектроскопии, а т акже методами ТГ и ДСК соли [XanH+]2[MCl 4 2− ], где XanH+ — протонированная форма ксантина, а M — двухвалентные цин к, кадмий и ртуть. В эти х солях металл не образует ко ординационной связи с лигандом, а обр азует солеобразную с труктуру. Протонирование ксан тина происходит по азоту в седьмом положении. Те рмическое разложение солей про исходит в две стадии: дегалоге нирование и разложен ие. Из ДСК-кривых были вычис лены энтальпии реакции дегалогенир ования.
    Notes: Abstract Salts [XanH+]2[MCl 4 2- ] (where XanH+=protonated form of xanthine and M=Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) have been synthesized and studied by IR,1H-NMR, TG and DSC. The metal is not coordinated to the ligand and forms a salt-like structure. The cationic proton is on N(7). Thermal decomposition of these salts occurs in two steps: (i) dehalogenation and (ii) decomposition. Dehalogenation enthalpies have been calculated from DSC curves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02105273
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excess Molar Volumes of Binary Mixtures of 1-Heptanol or 1-Nonanol with n-Polyethers at 25°C (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 29 (2000), S. 743-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess molar volumes ; l-alkanols ; polyethers ; self-association ; interactions ; interstitial accommodation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Excess molar volumes V E m at 25°C and atmospheric pressure over the entirecomposition range for binary mixtures of 1-heptanol with 2,5-dioxahexane, 2,5,8-trioxanonane,5,8,11-trioxapentadecane, 2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane,or 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxapentadecane, and mixtures of 1-nonanol with 2,5-dioxahexane,3,6-dioxaoctane, 2,5,8-trioxanonane, 3,6,9-trioxaundecane, 5,8,11-trioxapentadecane,2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane, or 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxapentadecane are reportedfrom densities measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter.V E m curves are nearlysymmetrical at about 0.5 mole fraction. Excess molar volumes are usually positive,indicating predominance of positive contributions to V E m from the disruption ofH bonds of alcohols and from physical interactions. When chain lengths ofboth components of the mixture are increased, the contribution from interstitialaccommodation appears to be sufficiently negative, such that V E m becomes negative(e.g., l-nonanol + 5,8,11-tetraoxapentadecane).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005117128122
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