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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consideration of processes on the microscale of metallic materials for the development of constitutive models (1997)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 120 (1997), S. 1-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Processes on the microscale determine the macroscopic behaviour of metallic materials and should therefore be considered during the development of constitutive macroscopic equations used for engineering calculations. The article reviews the mathematical formulation of the most significant of these processes, such as dislocation motion due to thermal and mechanical activation and the development of internal structures during plastic deformation. It describes the consideration of these relations in a stochastic model for the inelastic behaviour of metals and shows the comparison between predictions of this model and experimental findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01174313
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 1-D atmospheric energy balance model developed for ocean modelling (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 51 (1995), S. 25-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary We present a simple, deterministic energy balance model. The model is designed to represent the atmospheric component of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system. It is a one dimensional, global model with time and space resolutions of one year and 10° of latitude respectively. The model predicts the surface air temperature and estimates the surface freshwater flux diagnostically. The coupling between the atmospheric model and an ocean model is accomplished by heat and freshwater fluxes at their interface. The heat flux is calculated according to the difference in the surface air temperature and ocean surface temperature, while the freshwater flux is estimated from the latent heat transport in the atmosphere by a diagnostic equation. Two parameterizations for the latent heat transport are proposed, which distinguishes the two versions of the model. Before proceeding with interactive runs, we study the behaviour of the model in a decoupled mode. Some experiments with initial conditions altered and external forcings changed arė carried out to investigate the sensitivity and stability of the model. In particular, the influence of the ice-albedo feedback on model solutions is examined. The results of these experiments may be helpful both in understanding the characteristics of the model and in interpreting results when the model is coupled to an OGCM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00865537
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Fresh Water Balance of the Gulf Stream System in a Regional Model Study (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Climate Dynamics, 18 . pp. 17-27.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-13
    Description: We investigate the dependence of surface fresh water fluxes in the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current (NAC) area on the position of the stream axis which is not well represented in most ocean models. To correct this shortcoming, strong unrealistic surface fresh water fluxes have to be applied that lead to an incorrect salt balance of the current system. The unrealistic surface fluxes required by the oceanic component may force flux adjustments and may cause fictitious long-term variability in coupled climate models. To identify the important points in the correct representation of the salt balance of the Gulf Stream a regional model of the northwestern part of the subtropical gyre has been set up. Sensitivity studies are made where the westward flow north of the Gulf Stream and its properties are varied. Increasing westward volume transport leads to a southward migration of the Gulf Stream separation point along the American coast. The salinity of the inflow is essential for realistic surface fresh water fluxes and the water mass distribution. The subpolar-subtropical connection is important in two ways: The deep dense flow from the deep water mass formation areas sets up the cyclonic circulation cell north of the Gulf Stream. The surface and mid depth flow of fresh water collected at high northern latitudes is mixed into the Gulf Stream and compensates for the net evaporation at the surface.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s003820100164
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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