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  • Springer  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sub-tropical Richmond River estuary, Australia – A budget approach (2000)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 50 (2000), S. 241-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: budget ; flushing time ; nutrients ; retention ; stoichiometric ; sub-tropical
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen and phosphorus loads in the sub-tropicalRichmond River estuary were quantified and materialbudgets were developed over two years of contrastingfreshwater discharge. During both years 〉74% of thenitrogen and 〉84% of the phosphorus load enteredthe estuary during one month when flooding occurred inthe catchment. Due to larger flood magnitude, loadsduring the 1995/96 year were 3.3 and 2.5 times greaterthan during the 1994/95 year for nitrogen andphosphorus respectively. During floods the estuarinebasin was completely flushed of brackish water and themajority of the nutrient loads passed directly throughthe estuary. The nutrient load retained in the estuaryduring floods was inversely proportional to floodmagnitude. Annual budgets show that 〉97% of thenutrient load entering the estuary was from diffusecatchment sources; precipitation, urban runoff, andsewage were negligible. Less than 2.5% of thenitrogen and 〈5.4% of the phosphorus loads enteringthe estuary were retained in sediments. During dryseasons the estuary became a net sink for nitrogeninput from the ocean and the estuarine sedimentsremained a net source of phosphorus to the watercolumn and ocean. The process of flood scouring islikely to be the cleansing mechanism responsible formaintaining water quality both on an annual basis andover the last 50 years and may also be responsible forpotential nitrogen limitation. The sub-tropicalRichmond River estuary contrasts with the majority oftemperate systems of North America and Europe whichtypically have lower inter- and intra-annual nutrientload variability, longer and less variable flushingtimes, and greater nutrient retention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006339910533
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the sub-tropical Richmond River catchment, Australia (2000)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 50 (2000), S. 207-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: denitrification ; export ; landuse ; N fixation ; nutrients ; volatilisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets were developed forfour sub-catchments in the Richmond River catchmentfor two study years. The catchment is used for avariety of farming pursuits including dairying, beef,cropping, fruit, nuts, forestry, and sugar cane. Eachsub-catchment varies in hydrology, the proportion ofeach land use, and the population density whichenabled a unique opportunity to study fluxes andstorage associated with a variety of environmentalfactors. Total loadings entering each sub-catchmentvaried from 12 to 57 kg ha−1yr−1 fornitrogen and 0.25 to 6.6 kg ha−1yr−1 forphosphorus with little inter-annual variation.Averaged across the whole catchment, nitrogen fixation(47%) dominated the inputs; fertiliser (26%) andrainfall (21%) made up the next largest inputs.Fertiliser inputs dominated the phosphorus budget(65.5%); rainfall and manures making up 13% and 12%respectively. Produce dominated the outputs of bothnitrogen and phosphorus from the four sub-catchmentsbeing greater than the riverine export. The deliveryof nitrogen to catchment streams ranged from 〈1 to24% of the total inputs and the delivery of phosphorus to catchment streams ranged from 〈1 to 39%. Storage of phosphorus in catchment soils varied between −0.32 and 4.46 kg ha−1yr−1. Whendenitrification and volatilisation were estimated using data from other studies, storage of nitrogen ranged from 1 to 24 kg ha−1yr−1. Despite theepisodic nature of runoff in the sub-tropical RichmondRiver catchment, the magnitude of nutrient fluxes andstorage appear similar to other catchments of theworld which have mixed land use and relatively lowcatchment nutrient loadings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006391927371
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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