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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effect of benzodiazepine sedation in high and low anxious patients in a “real life” stress setting (1986)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 88 (1986), S. 226-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Benzodiazepine ; Temazepam ; Diazepam ; Stress ; Anxiety ; Oral surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a randomised, double-blind, parallel groups study, 40 patients referred for surgical removal of impacted third molars received either (a) temazepam 40 mg orally followed at 35 min by IV saline or (b) oral placebo followed by IV diazepam 10 mg (Diazemuls). Patients were divided into High-Anxious and Low-Anxious groups by median split of their anxiety scores on the Speilberger State Anxiety Scale at the time of oral medication. Compared with placebo, temazepam significantly attenuated anticipatory anxiety in the High-Anxious group while in the Low-Anxious group no difference was found between the treatments. Preoperative but not intraoperative heart-rate distinguished between the High-Anxious and Low-Anxious groups and neither oral temazepam nor IV diazepam abolished the heart-rate response to the traumatic stages of the surgical procedure. The results are interpreted as providing support in a “real life” human stress setting for Gray's neuropsychological model of anxiety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652245
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A constant denominator perturbation theory for molecular energy (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 61 (1982), S. 203-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Perturbation theory ; Fourth order perturbation theory ; Electron correlation ; Constant denominator perturbation theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A “constant denominator” perturbation theory is developed based on a zeroth order Hamiltonian characterized by degenerate subsets of orbitals. Such a formulation allows for a decoupling of the numerators of the perturbation sequence, allowing for much more rapid evaluation of the resultant sums. For example, the full fourth order theory can be evaluated as an N 6 step rather than N 7, where N is proportional to the basis set. Although the theory is general, a constant denominator is chosen for this study as the difference between the average occupied and average virtual orbital energies scaled so that the first order wavefunction yields the lowest possible variational bound. The third order correction then appears naturally as a scaled Langhoff-Davidson correction. The full fourth order with this partitioning is developed. Results are presented within the localized bond model utilizing both the Pariser-Parr-Pople and CNDO/2 model Hamiltonians. The second order theory presents a useful bound, usually containing a good deal of the basis set correlation. In all cases examined the fourth order theory shows remarkable stability, even in those cases in which the Nesbet-Epstein partitioning seems poorly convergent, and the Moller-Plesset theory uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550967
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet radiation, ozone depletion, and marine photosynthesis (1994)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 39 (1994), S. 303-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: phytoplankton ; primary production ; growth ; action spectrum ; biogeochemical cycling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Concerns about stratospheric ozone depletion have stimulated interest in the effects of UVB radiation (280–320 nm) on marine phytoplankton. Research has shown that phytoplankton photosynthesis can be severely inhibited by surface irradiance and that much of the effect is due to UV radiation. Quantitative generalization of these results requires a biological weighting function (BWF) to quantify UV exposure appropriately. Different methods have been employed to infer the general shape of the BWF for photoinhibition in natural phytoplankton, and recently, detailed BWFs have been determined for phytoplankton cultures and natural samples. Results show that although UVB photons are more damaging than UVA (320–400 nm), the greater fluxes of UVA in the ocean cause more UV inhibition. Models can be used to analyze the sensitivity of water column productivity to UVB and ozone depletion. Assumptions about linearity and time-dependence strongly influence the extrapolation of results. Laboratory measurements suggest that UV inhibition can reach a steady-state consistent with a balance between damage and recovery processes, leading to a non-linear relationship between weighted fluence rate and inhibition. More testing for natural phytoplankton is required, however. The relationship between photoinhibition of photosynthesis and decreases in growth rate is poorly understood, so long-term effects of ozone depletion are hard to predict. However, the wide variety of sensitivities between species suggests that some changes in species composition are likely. Predicted effects of ozone depletion on marine photosynthesis cannot be equated to changes in carbon flux between the atmosphere and ocean. Nonetheless, properly designed studies on the effects of UVB can help identify which physiological and ecological processes are most likely to dominate the responses of marine ecosystems to ozone depletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014589
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biofeedback as an adjunct to psychotherapy in the treatment of vaginismus (1984)
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 9 (1984), S. 281-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Keywords: E.M.G. biofeedback ; vaginal sphincter ; vaginismus ; psychotherapy of vaginismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This exploratory study examines the use of biofeedback as an adjunct to psychotherapy in the treatment of vaginismus. A set of six Sims-type graded EMG probes was constructed to provide biofeedback from the vaginal sphincter and was tested on a pilot sample of nulliparous women prior to this study. Five sequential cases of vaginismus from a clinic waiting list participated in the program. All five couples completed the program and all reported successful intercourse at its conclusion. The number of sessions devoted to biofeedback probe insertion was almost halved in comparison to previous experience with Sims dilators. Overall treatment duration was not shortened. At follow-up 6 months later, two couples reported pregnancy, one couple was having regular intercourse, and two couples had ceased intercourse. The authors conclude that biofeedback is an effective aid to learning muscle control, is acceptable to patients, and may increase the success rate by minimizing dropouts. The importance of follow-up is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998972
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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