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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 11 (1992), S. 404-407 
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rapidly proliferating and highly regenerable suspension cultures of somatic embryos of Carica papaya x C. cauliflora were used for protoplast isolation. On average, protoplast yield was 1.5×106/g fresh weight of somatic embryos. Protoplasts were first cultured in liquid KM8P-S medium for 2 weeks and then plated in the same medium solidified with 1% agarose. About 1.4% of the protoplasts developed directly into somatic embryos. Protoplast-derived somatic embryos proliferated rapidly through direct embryogenesis on modified MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/1 ABA, and developed into plantlets upon transfer to MS medium devoid of plant growth regulators. The plantlets were successfully transplanted to soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Fungus, phytopathogenic ; Alternaria eichorniae ; phytotoxins ; altheichin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The phytopathogenic fungusAlternaria eichorniae attacks water hyacinth, an economically significant aquatic weed. The novel phytotoxin alteichin was isolated from liquid cultures of this fungus and its structure was deduced by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Altheichin is a doubly hydrated form of 4,9-dihydroxy perylene-3,10-quinone. A single step dehydration of alteichin to anhydroalteichin is catalyzed both by acid and by a crude enzyme preparation from water hyacinth.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 1136-1139 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — Vascular — Abdominal aortic aneurysm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Laparoscopic surgery decreases postoperative pain and length of hospital stay. Whether laparoscopically assisted abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair can be safely and reliably performed is unknown. This prospective study was designed to establish the feasibility of laparoscopically assisted AAA repair and its effects on intraoperative and postoperative variables. Methods: With IRB approval, 10 patients with infrarenal AAA requiring a tube graft underwent laparoscopically assisted AAA repair. The procedure consisted of laparoscopic dissection of the aneurysm neck and iliac vessels. Then, through an 8–11-cm minilaparotomy, a standard endoaneurysmorrhaphy was performed. Data included laparoscopic and total operative times, blood loss, fluid requirements, duration of nasogastric suction (NGT), and lengths of intensive care unit (ICU) and postoperative hospital stays. Results: Laparoscopically assisted AAA was completed in nine of 10 patients. The first patient was converted to a standard incision because the aneurysm neck could not be adequately dissected. Laparoscopic and total operative times were 1.8 ± 0.4 and 4.5 ± 0.7 h, respectively. Mean blood loss was 1 ± 0.6 l. Intraoperative fluid requirement was 6.6 ± 1.3 l. The duration of NGT suction was 1.8 ± 1.0 days. The ICU stay was 2.1 ± 0.8 days and hospital stay was 6.7 ± 2.5 days. There were two minor complications and no deaths. Conclusions: Laparoscopically assisted AAA repair is technically feasible with acceptable blood loss, operative time, morbidity, and mortality. Potential advantages may be early removal of the NGT and shorter ICU and hospital stays. Prospective randomized trials are needed to determine if laparoscopically assisted AAA repair is advantageous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — Vascular — Abdominal aortic aneurysm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Advanced laparoscopic procedures are more commonly performed in elderly patients with cardiac disease. There has been limited data on the use of pulmonary artery catheters (PAC) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to monitor hemodynamic changes. Methods: We prospectively studied eight patients undergoing laparoscopic assisted abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. All patients had a PAC and all but one had an intraoperative TEE. Data included heart rate (HR), temperature (temp), pulmonary artery systolic (PAS) and diastolic (PAD) pressures, mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac index (CI), mixed venous oxygen saturation (MVO2), and oxygen extraction ratio (O2Ex) and was obtained prior to induction, during insufflation, after desufflation, during aortic cross-clamp, and at the end of the procedure. End diastolic area (EDA), a reflection of volume status, was measured on TEE. ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: No changes were noted in HR, temp, PAS, PCWP, CI, MVO2, and O2Ex. PAD and CVP were greater during insufflation compared with baseline and aortic cross-clamp without associated changes in EDA. MAP was higher at baseline compared with all other times during the procedure. Conclusions: Insufflation increased PAD and CVP. However, volume status as suggested by EDA and PCWP did not change. These data question the reliability of hemodynamic measurements obtained from the PAC during pneumoperitoneum and suggest that TEE may be sufficient for evaluation of volume status along with the added benefit of timely detection of ventricular wall motion abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 9 (1995), S. 905-907 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopy ; Laparoscopic-assisted abdominal aortic aneurysm repair ; Vascular
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Since the advent of laparoscopy, the sweeping changes seen in general surgery have not been paralleled in vascular surgery. There have been case reports of laparoscopic-assisted aortobifemoral bypass for occlusive disease. Because aneurysmal disease comprises the majority of aortic surgery, we pursued animal and cadaveric feasibility studies for laparoscopic-assisted abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. We present a case report of the first clinical case performed under Institutional Review Board protocol using this technique. The patient was a 62-year-old male with a 6-cm infrarenal AAA. After obtaining a pneumoperitoneum, a modified fish retractor was used to exclude the bowel. Ten 11-mm ports provided access to laparoscopically dissect the neck of the aneurysm and the iliac vessels. Then, a 10-cm minilaparotomy was performed and standard vascular clamps were inserted via the port incisions. Standard aneurysmorraphy was performed with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube graft. Laparoscopy conferred three major benefits: better visualization of the aneurysm neck, less bowel manipulation, and avoidance of hypothermia. This case report illustrates the feasibility of laparoscopic-assisted aneurysm repair. Controlled human studies will define the role of laparoscopy in AAA surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 6 (1987), S. 348-351 
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The regeneration potential of shoot tip, stem, leaf, cotyledon and root explants of two papaya cultivars (Carica papaya cv. ‘Solo’ and cv. ‘Sunrise’) were studed. Callus induction of these two cultivars of papaya showed that the shoot tips and stems are most suitable for forming callus, while leaves, cotyledons and roots are comparatively difficult to induce callus. Callus induction also varied with the varities. Somatic embryogenesis was obtained from 3-month-old root cultures. A medium containing half strength of MS inorganic salts, 160 mg/l adenine sulfate, 1.0 mg/1 NAA, 0.5 mg/1 kinetin and 1.0 mg/1 GA3 was optimal for embryogenesis. The callus maintained high regenerative capacity after two years of culture on this medium. Plants derived from somatic embryos were obtained under green-house conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Mycobacteria · ; Infectious diseases · ; Immune reactions · ; Cutaneous testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Some 840 bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated healthy controls and tuberculosis patients from two Chinese hospitals were submitted to comparative skin tests with purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD; as reference) and with the antigen complex A60 from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. In a first trial, including 581 persons (185 healthy juveniles, 180 healthy adults and 216 tuberculosis patients), a limited dose of A60 (1μg) was used. Performance of the A60 test was similar to that of 5 I.U. PPD for controls (cut-off values=5 mm induration diameter), but lower than that seen for tuberculosis patients (10 mm cut-off values). A second survey was conducted on 259 persons (109 recently revaccinated healthy persons, considered as tuberculin-negative in the first trial, and 150 tuberculosis patients), using a higher dose of A60 (2 μg) and the same dose of PPD (5 I.U.). Similar results were obtained with the two tests in all cases, thus supporting the possibility of PPD replacement by A60 in cutaneous testing. The pattern of induration diameter distribution in healthy subjects who took part in the first testing round (64% positively rate) was displaced to the inactivity side (with a peak at 5 to 9-mm diameter), in comparison with the second round (90% positivity rate and peak at 10–14 mm). This indicates a progressive fading of cellular immunity reactions after BCG vaccination. In tuberculosis patients, no correlation was found among the following three parameters: positivity at cutaneous testing (with PPD or A60), titer of anti-A60 mycobacterial immunoglobulins in blood (IgG titer higher than cut-off line) and presence of mycobacteria in sputum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 15 (1994), S. 137-144 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A long-wavelength (λ p =7.7μm) infrared imaging camera that uses a GaAs/GaAlAs multiple-quantum-well infrared photo-detector array is presented. A good infrared image of a group of buildings and trees is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Copper ; Cadmium ; distribution ; freshwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The concentration and distribution of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) were examined in water, sediments, detritus, plants and animals in a small, lowland, hardwater river. Consistently higher concentrations of Cu and Cd were found in all types of samples from two sites. There were marked variations in metal concentrations between different types of samples, and between seasons. Copper and Cd were mainly concentrated in sediments, organic detritus and biota, while concentrations in water were three orders of magnitude lower than in the other components in the system. The relatively high concentrations of Cu and Cd in biota suggests that they provide an important pathway for metal transport through the food web in this particular hardwater river. From the rank order of concentrations it appears that sticklebacks exert a greater degree of control than invertebrates in the uptake and elimination of Cu and Cd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 5 (1987), S. 241-252 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 32.80.Pb ; 32.80. − t ; 32.80.Hd
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have performed fully quantum-mechanical and relativistic calculations of the post-collision-interaction effect in x-ray-induced argonK−L 2 L 3(1 D) Auger and xenonL 2−L 3 N 4(J=3) Coster-Kronig-electron emission. The Dirac-Fock computations include a complete integration over intermediate one-hole continuum states in the lowest-order expression of the resonant double-photoionization cross section. The results are in excellent agreement with synchrotron-radiation measurements of the post-collision-interaction shifts. We have also made nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock test calculations of the argonK−L 2 L 3(1 D) and xenonL 3−M 4 M 5(1 G 4) Auger-electron line shapes. The quantum-mechanical results are compared with rigorous semiclassical calculations which have been made without using the stationary-phase approximation. The results of this computational analysis are interpreted in terms of an analytical line-shape formula based on asymptotic Coulomb wave functions. As a consequence the most salient features of the post-collision interaction in inner-shell photoionization are explained.
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