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  • Fish morphology  (1)
  • Lottery coexistence  (1)
  • Predator-prey interactions  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
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  • Springer  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive ability and the potential for lotteries among territorial reef fishes (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 103 (1995), S. 180-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Coral reef fish ; Lottery coexistence ; Competitive ability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stegastes diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans are mutually territorial Caribbean damselfishes. S. diencaeus is larger, grows faster and lives longer than S. dorsopunicans. S. diencaeus is a habitat specialist that shares its primary habitat mainly with S. dorsopunicans. Field manipulations show that both S. diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans readily take over living space from smaller, but not larger, heterospecific neighbors. Natural changes in the use of living space by both species occur frequently and adult S. diencaeus often aggressively usurp the living areas of smaller S. dorsopunicans. Lunar and seasonal patterns of juvenile recruitment by S. diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans are similar. Large size bestows competitive superiority on S. diencaeus by giving its adults a superior ability to aggressively acquire living space, and by enabling its juveniles to quickly escape the period when they lack a size advantage. Hence they spend much of their lives as competitive dominants. There is no evidence that competitive advantages arising from large size are offset either by other adult attributes or by differences in temporal patterns of recruitment that affect priority of access to space. The lottery hypothesis for species coexistence relies on patterns of abundance being determined by patterns of recruitment to vacant space because different species have equal space-holding abilities. These data show that the existence of such a mechanism is doubtful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329078
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The behavioral ecology of three Indian Ocean surgeonfishes (Acanthurus lineatus, A. leucosternon and Zebrasoma scopas): their feeding strategies, and social and mating systems (1979)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 4 (1979), S. 125-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Coexistence ; Algae cropping ; Behavior ; Territoriality ; Zonation ; Fish morphology ; Reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The relationship between the morphology, feeding strategies and social and mating systems of three surgeonfishes was investigated. Adults of each defend feeding territories, intra-and interspecifically. The largest species, because of its morphological limitation, relies on food that has to be defended against many other species. It forms large colonies in which fishes singly defend small territories containing high standing crop algal mats. Colony formation is a mechanism by which the efficiency and effectiveness of interspecific territory defense is increased. The smallest species, because of its morphological adaptations, is able to rely most on food that other species cannot efficiently exploit. It forms pairs that defend large territories containing a thin algal mat. It is restricted to the poorest quality habitat by the aggressive activities of more dominant species. The third species, which also forms pairs, has an intermediate feeding strategy. The local coexistence of these three and other surgeonfishes results from a combination of (i) their partitioning both habitat and food resources, and (ii) the populations of two of the most dominant species apparently being below the carrying capacity. Territoriality and the absence of parental care facilitates pair formation in surgeonfishes. Permanently territorial species usually form pairs. The colonial species does not form pairs because the colonial habit facilitates interference of males in each other's spawnings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005448
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the spawning behavior and spawning cycles of eight surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae) from the Indo-Pacific (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 9 (1983), S. 193-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Migrations ; Diel ; tidal and semi-lunar rhythms ; Predator-prey interactions ; Color changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Surgeonfish spawning was observed at Palau, Lizard Island, Escape Reef (all Pacific Ocean) and Aldabra (Indian Ocean). Seven species, all fairly exclusively benthic feeding, defended feeding territories to some extent, and some of them formed territorial groups composed of 1 male + ≥ 1 female. One other species ate both benthic algae and zooplankton, and both sexes appeared to be nonterritorial, except that males defended temporary spawning territories. The primary spawning rhythm appeared to be a restriction of spawning to part of the day. Ebb-tide spawning rhythms were evident where distinct tidal currents flowed on and off a reef: at one such site (Palau), a secondary tidal rhythm of spawning overlaid and combined with the primary rhythm to produce an apparent semi-lunar rhythm of spawning. Peaks of spawning of three Palauan species were on days when tidal heights/amplitudes were either less than or no different from the mean. Fishes that lived in intertidal areas (including some from heterosexual territorial groups) migrated to and massed and spawned at the intertidal/subtidal interface. Some fishes spawned in pairs, either in their (intertidal and subtidal) feeding territories or in temporary spawning territories at the reef edge. Many that migrated to the reef edge were (temporarily) nonterritorial there, and spawned in groups [I female (sometimes more?) + many males]. Predatory fishes and zooplanktivorous fishes attacked spawning fishes and fed on fresh ova. At Palau, egg predators attacked group, rather than pair spawnings. Pulses of massed group spawning may reduce the rate of egg predation per group spawning. Two different types of color change by both sexes were associated with the two basically different patterns of spawning — in pairs and in groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692372
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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