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  • Mood  (2)
  • 1,3-Butanediol  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
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  • Springer  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of caffeine or diphenhydramine on visual vigilance (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 114 (1994), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Vigilance ; Response time ; Caffeine ; Diphenhydramine ; Human performance ; Visual perception ; Mood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of two drugs having opposite effects on the central nervous system were investigated using a newly developed visual vigilance task. Twenty-four male volunteers (median age=20) performed the task on three separate occasions; after consuming placebo, caffeine (200 mg), or diphenhydramine (25 mg), in a double-blind, Latin Square design. At least 2 days intervened between drug administrations. Caffeine use was restricted for 10 h and smoking for 3 h before drug administration. When compared with placebo, caffeine significantly increased the number of correct responses and decreased response times, whereas diphenhydramine decreased the number of correct responses and increased response times. Low habitual consumers of caffeine (〈 100 mg/day) and non-smokers had more correct responses than did high habitual caffeine consumers (〉 100 mg/day) and smokers, but only in the placebo condition. Non-smokers had faster response times than smokers only in the placebo condition. Both caffeine and diphenhydramine altered certain aspects of mood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244842
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pharmacological daytime doses of melatonin on human mood and performance (1993)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 112 (1993), S. 490-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Human ; Melatonin ; Mood ; Performance ; Reaction time ; Vigilance ; Fatigue ; Circadian ; Sleep ; Alertness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Melatonin (10, 20, 40, or 80 mg, PO) or placebo was administered at 1145 hours on five separate occasions to 20 healthy male volunteers and the effects on serum melatonin levels, mood, performance, and oral temperature were monitored. Subjects were studied between 0930 and 1700 hours. A battery of interactive computer tasks designed to assess performance and mood was completed, oral temperature was measured, and blood samples were taken for serum melatonin radioimmunoassay. The areas under the time-melatonin concentration curve (AUC) varied significantly in proportion to the various melatonin doses. Compared with placebo treatment, all melatonin doses significantly decreased oral temperature, number of correct responses in auditory vigilance, response latency in reaction time, and self-reported vigor. Melatonin also increased self-reported fatigue, confusion, and sleepiness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244899
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of avoidance behavior following short-term ingestion of alcohol (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 63 (1979), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; 1,3-Butanediol ; Avoidance behavior ; Ethanol withdrawal syndrome ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acquisition and retention of a shock avoidance task were impaired in mice at 5h and 5 days but not at 14 days after withdrawal from 5 days of chronic alcohol consumption. Mice trained before ingestion of an alcohol-containing diet showed impairment in retention of the shock avoidance procedure 5 h after withdrawal from the diet but not during ingestion or 5 days after withdrawal. At 5 h after withdrawal from the alcohol-containing diet, motor activity and sensitivity to shock were not affected, but there was a decreased motor response to shock. There was no correlation between performance of the avoidance task and the severity of withdrawal signs, as measured by hypothermia or convulsions on handling. The hypothermia and other withdrawal signs were reversed. by acute injection of alcohol but the impairment in avoidance responding was not. These results demonstrate that consumption of an ethanol-containing diet for periods as short as 5 days results in relatively long-lasting alterations in avoidance behavior after withdrawal of the diet. This behavioral impairment appears to be distinct from other signs of alcohol withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433558
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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