Note: Intro -- Contents -- About the Editor -- Importance of Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) Fibers in Sustainable Fashion and Textile Industry and Its Potential End-Uses -- 1 Introduction -- 2 History of the Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) -- 3 Structure of the Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) Plant -- 4 Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) Fibers -- 5 Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) Fiber Properties -- 5.1 Mechanical Properties of Milkweed Fibers -- 5.2 Thermal Behaviors of Milkweed Fiber -- 5.3 Chemical Resistance of Milkweed Fibers -- 5.4 Dyeability of Milkweed Fibers -- 5.5 Spinnability of Milkweed Fibers -- 6 Importance of Asclepias Syriaca (Milkweed) Fibers for the Sustainable Textile and Fashion Industry Application/Research Areas -- 6.1 Daily Used Textile Products -- 6.2 Technical Textiles -- 6.3 Composites -- 6.4 Promising End-Uses -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Textile Industry -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Extracellular Polymeric Substances -- 3 Main Functions and Applications -- 4 Applications in Textile -- 5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Sustainable Agrotextile: Jute Needle-Punched Nonwoven Preparation, Properties and Use in Indian Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Nonwovens -- 2.1 What is Nonwoven? -- 2.2 Why Nonwoven Fabric?' -- 2.3 Nonwoven Versus Woven -- 2.4 Fibres for Nonwoven -- 2.5 Why Jute?  [21, 43] -- 3 Needle-Punching Nonwoven [20, 26] -- 3.1 Web Formation -- 3.2 Nonwoven Preparation -- 3.3 Structure -- 3.4 Properties -- 4 Jute Needle-Punched Nonwoven in Agrotextiles -- 4.1 Agricultural Mulch Fabric: Case Studies -- 4.2 Application on Horticultural/Nursery Bag [17] -- 4.3 Prefabricated Grass Mat from Jute Nonwoven -- 5 Artificial Soil Substitute -- 6 Use of Jute Nonwoven as Protective Cloth in Agriculture -- 6.1 Survey on Potential -- 7 Challenges and Limitations  [38, 42]. , 8 Potentials and Economy  [38, 42] -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Popularization of Agrowaste Fibres-Banana and Areca Nut Fibre-A Sustainable Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agro-Waste Fibres -- 3 Banana Pseudostem a Rich Source of Fibre -- 3.1 Methods of Extraction -- 3.2 Properties of Banana Fibre Extracted from Pseudostem -- 3.3 Fibre Yield -- 3.4 Dyeability of Banana Fibre -- 3.5 Weaving of Banana Fabric -- 3.6 Applications in Composite Industry -- 4 Areca Nut Fibre -- 4.1 Properties of Areca Nut Fibre -- 4.2 Method of Extraction -- 4.3 Dyeability of Areca Fibre -- 4.4 Mechanical Properties -- 4.5 Applications of Areca Fibre -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Development of Union Fabrics from Lotus Petiole Waste -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Collection of Lotus Petioles -- 1.2 Extraction of Fiber -- 1.3 Preparation of Yarn -- 1.4 Constructional Details of Union Fabrics -- 1.5 Preparation of the Product -- 2 Results and Discussions -- 2.1 Construction of Fabrics -- 2.2 Evaluation of the Constructed Fabrics -- 2.3 Preparation of Product -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Evaluating the Potential of Pineapple Leaf Fibre Fabrics and Its Blends for Sustainable Home Textile Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainable Fibres -- 3 Pineapple Leaf Fibres (PALF) -- 3.1 Extraction of PALF -- 3.2 Properties of PALF -- 3.3 Spinning of PALF -- 3.4 Weaving of PALF -- 3.5 Applications of PALF -- 4 Materials and Methods -- 4.1 Fibre Cutting and Softening -- 4.2 Fibre Blending -- 4.3 Fibre Morphological Structure -- 4.4 Yarn Production -- 4.5 Yarn Properties Testing -- 4.6 Woven Fabric Production -- 4.7 Sourced Commercial Fabrics -- 4.8 Woven Fabric Properties Testing -- 5 Results and Discussions -- 5.1 Morphological Structure of PALF -- 5.2 Yarn Count and Twist -- 5.3 Yarn Tenacity -- 5.4 Yarn Elongation -- 5.5 Yarn Evenness -- 5.6 Yarn Imperfections. , 5.7 Yarn Hairiness -- 5.8 Yarn Quality Index (YQI) -- 5.9 Statistical Significance of Yarn Properties Between PALF Cotton Blends -- 5.10 Overall Assessment of the Produced Yarn Characteristics -- 5.11 Woven Fabric Properties -- 5.12 PALF Table Mat and Curtain -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Production of Sustainable Banana Fibers from Agricultural Wastes and Their Properties -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Banana Plant and Its Cultivation -- 3 Banana Fibers and Their Production -- 3.1 Banana Fiber Production with Retting Method -- 3.2 Banana Fiber Production with Mechanical Methods -- 3.3 Degumming Process of Banana Fibers -- 3.4 Yarn Formation from Banana Fibers -- 4 Chemical Structure of Banana Fibers -- 5 Physical and Chemical Properties of Banana Fibers -- 6 Applications Areas of Banana Fibers -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Development of Sustainable Sound and Thermal Insulation Products from Unconventional Natural Fibres for Automobile Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 2.1 Selection and Extraction Fibres -- 3 Characterization of Fibres -- 3.1 Physical Properties of Fibres -- 3.2 Surface Morphology Using Scanning Electron Microscope -- 3.3 Crystallinity of Fibres Using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) -- 3.4 Analysis of Chemical Groups by FTIR -- 3.5 Thermal Properties of Fibres -- 3.6 Preparation of Fibre and Web Formation -- 3.7 Needle Punched Non-woven Production -- 4 Characterization of Developed Non-woven -- 4.1 Physical Characterization -- 4.2 Thermal Conductivity by Lee's Disc Method -- 4.3 Sound Absorption Coefficient by Impedance Tube Method -- 5 Results and Discussions -- 5.1 Physical Properties of Fibres -- 5.2 Surface Morphology of Fibres Using SEM -- 5.3 FTIR Analysis of Fibres -- 5.4 Crystallinity of Fibres Using X-Ray Diffraction -- 5.5 Thermal Properties of Fibres -- 5.6 Characterization of Non-woven Fabrics. , 5.7 Air Permeability and Thermal Conductivity of Non-woven Samples -- 5.8 Acoustical Characteristics -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Design and Development of Under Arm Sweat Pad -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sweat -- 1.2 Sweat-Common Causes -- 1.3 Body Odour -- 1.4 Problems due to Sweating -- 1.5 Sweat Pad -- 2 Materials Used for Microencapsulation -- 2.1 Core Material -- 2.2 Coating Material -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Fabric Selection-Polyester -- 3.2 Bamboo -- 3.3 Material Details and Layers -- 3.4 Microencapsulation -- 4 Preparation of Micro-Capsules -- 4.1 Padding Process -- 4.2 Light Microscopy and SEM Analysis -- 5 Design and Development of Underarm Sweat Pad -- 5.1 Construction of Underarm Sweat Pad -- 5.2 Underarm Sweat Pad with Body Straps -- 5.3 Feedback Survey -- 6 Results and Discussion -- 6.1 Air Permeability Test -- 6.2 Moisture Vapour Transmission Test -- 6.3 Vertical Wickability Test -- 6.4 Antimicrobial Activity Test -- 6.5 Antimicrobial Activity-Quantitative Analysis -- 6.6 Washing Durability Test -- 6.7 Survey Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Product Development Using Cornhusk Fibres-A Sustainable Initiative -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Natural Plant Fibres -- 1.2 Textile and Non-textile Applications of Natural Cellulosic Fibres -- 1.3 Unconventional Natural Cellulosic Fibres -- 1.4 Corn and Cornhusk Fibres -- 1.5 Various Applications of Corn in Textiles -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Manufacturing of Rope/Mats -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Yarn and Fabric Formation -- 3.2 Manufacturing of Rope/Mats -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Organic Cotton: Fibre to Fashion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Cotton Fibre -- 2.1 Facts About Conventional Cotton Cultivation -- 3 Organic Clothing-Need of Future -- 4 Organic Cotton -- 4.1 Why Wear Organic? -- 5 Cultivation of Organic Cotton -- 5.1 Seed Preparation -- 5.2 Soil Fertility. , 5.3 Crop Rotation -- 5.4 Cover Cropping -- 5.5 Pest and Weed Management -- 5.6 Harvesting -- 5.7 Post-Harvesting Operations -- 6 Advantages of Organic Cotton Cultivation -- 6.1 Environmentally Friendly Technology -- 6.2 Cultivation Cost Reduction -- 6.3 Insecticide Resistance Management -- 7 Advantages of Organic Cotton Fibre -- 8 Roadmap for Organic Cotton -- 9 Economic Viability of Organic Cotton -- 9.1 Control of Pests -- 9.2 The Most Difficult Challenge -- 10 GOTS-Global Organic Textile Standards -- 10.1 Certification Process of GOTS -- 11 Organic Production Constraints -- 12 World Organic Cotton Production -- 13 Organic Fibre Properties -- 14 Ginning -- 15 Spinning of Organic Cotton Yarn -- 16 Fabric Manufacturing -- 17 Wet Processing of Organic Cotton Fabric -- 18 Application of Enzymes in Organic Cotton Processing -- 18.1 Enzyme Source -- 18.2 Genetically Modified Organism -- 18.3 Use of GMOs to Produce Enzymes -- 18.4 GOTS-Prohibited/Restricted Inputs in All Production Stages During Organic Cotton Processing -- 18.5 Alternatives to GMO Enzymes -- 19 Garment Manufacturing -- 19.1 Garment Manufacturing Process Flow Chart -- 19.2 Waste Generation in the Apparel Industry: An Overview -- 19.3 Zero Waste Concept -- 19.4 Zero Waste Fashion Techniques for Organic Cotton Clothing -- 19.5 Trims and Accessories -- 20 Retailing -- 21 Conclusion -- References.

Note: Intro -- Contents -- About the Editor -- Water Footprint of Fruits in Arid and Semi-arid Regions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Source and Methodology -- 2.1 Calculation of Water footprint components -- 2.2 Economical Value of Water Footprint -- 3 Water footprint components in date palm -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Cultivation Area, Crop Yield, Production, and Chemical Fertilizer Consumption -- 3.3 Water Footprint (WF) and Water Footprint Economic Value (WFEV) -- 3.4 Volume of WFCs in Each Cultivars -- 4 Water Footprint in Almond -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Cultivation Area, Crop Yield, Production, and Chemical Fertilizer of Almond Production -- 4.3 Almond Water Footprint in Iran -- 4.4 Economic Values of Water Footprint (WFEV) in Almond -- 4.5 Volumes of Water Footprint Components in Almond Production -- 5 Water Footprint in Walnuts -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Sown Area, Total Production, and Yield of Walnut Production -- 5.3 Walnut Water Footprint in Iran -- 5.4 Economic values of water footprint (WFEV) in walnut -- 5.5 Volumes of Water Footprint Components in Walnut Production -- 6 Conclusion and Summary -- References -- Appraising the Water Status in Egypt Through the Application of the Virtual Water Principle in the Agricultural Sector -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 2.1 Calculating the Virtual Water for Agricultural Crops -- 2.2 Calculation of the Virtual Water for Agricultural Products -- 2.3 Water Footprint and Its Indicators -- 2.4 Food Security and Food Self-sufficiency in Egypt -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Virtual Water for Agricultural Crops -- 3.2 The Virtual Water for Agricultural Products -- 3.3 Indicators of Water Footprint -- 3.4 Food Security and Food Self-sufficiency -- 3.5 The Volume of Virtual Water Required for Self-sufficiency -- 4 Conclusion -- Appendices. , Appendix 1: The Virtual Water Volume for Selected Crops -- Appendix 2: Consumption and Food Gap for Wheat, Rice and Maize Crops -- Appendix 3A: Self-sufficiency Ratio SSR for the Wheat Crop -- Appendix 3B: Self-sufficiency Ratio SSR for the Maize Crop -- Appendix 4: Required Water Needed for Crops (million m3) -- References -- Cereal Water Footprint in Arid and Semi-arid Regions: Past, Today and Future -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Water Resources Management -- 1.2 Importance of Cereals for Food Security -- 1.3 Importance of Water Footprint -- 2 Arid and Semi-arid Regions -- 3 Water Footprint (WF) Calculation -- 4 Cereal Water Footprint in Past and Today -- 4.1 Cereal Water Footprint in Different Regions of the World -- 4.2 Cereal Water Footprint in Iran -- 4.3 Cereal Water Footprint in Qazvin Plain -- 5 Cereal Water Footprint in the Future -- 5.1 Climate Change Scenarios -- 5.2 Cereal Water Footprint in Different Regions of the World in Future -- 5.3 Maize Water Footprint in Qazvin Plain in Future -- 5.4 Wheat Water Footprint in Qazvin Plain in Future -- 6 Cereal Water Footprint Improvement -- 7 Water Shortage: Management and Consequences -- References -- Environmental Footprints of Hydrogen from Crops -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of the Current Hydrogen Industry -- 3 Hydrogen from Crops: Thermochemical Processes -- 3.1 Steam Reforming -- 3.2 Dry Reforming -- 3.3 Partial Oxidation and Autothermal Reforming -- 3.4 Pyrolysis -- 4 Hydrogen from Crops: Biological Processes -- 5 Electrolysis as an Alternative for Green Hydrogen Production -- 6 Environmental Footprints of Hydrogen Production -- 6.1 Gray, Blue, and Green Hydrogen -- 6.2 Hydrogen from Biomass -- 6.3 Biological Hydrogen -- 7 Conclusions and Key Challenges for a Greener Hydrogen Matrix -- References. , Designing an Energy Use Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of the Environmental Sustainability of Conservation Agriculture Wheat Farming in Bangladesh -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Study Site, Design, and Soil Sampling -- 2.2 Soil Tillage and Agronomic Management Practices -- 2.3 LCA Modeling -- 2.4 Data Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Energy Use Analysis -- 3.2 Energy Indicators in Wheat Farming -- 3.3 Assessment of Life Cycle GHG Emission and Carbon Footprint -- 3.4 Net Life Cycle GHG emission -- 4 Conclusion -- References.